徐州市云龙湖大型底栖动物群落演变及环境影响因子分析
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摘要
【目的】了解江苏省徐州市云龙湖大型底栖动物的群落结构及其环境影响因子,可以为保护云龙湖水生态环境提供依据。【方法】于2013—2017年对云龙湖大型底栖动物和水环境因子进行了调查。利用1/16 m2彼得逊采泥器采集大型底栖动物样品,同时利用有机玻璃采水器采集水样,每年的5月和10月各采样一次,共采样10次。利用3种群落多样性指数(Shannon-Wiener指数、Margalef物种丰富度指数、Pielou均匀度指数)评价云龙湖大型底栖动物的群落结构,选择ShannonWiener指数进行水质评价,并应用典型相关分析(CCA)得出大型底栖动物与环境因子之间的关系。【结果】云龙湖大型底栖动物群落结构简单,物种较少,3种群落多样性指数年际波动不大。云龙湖水质多年处于轻污染到中污染水平之间。优势物种中水丝蚓属的主要影响因子是总氮浓度,摇蚊幼虫的主要影响因子为高锰酸盐指数。【结论】云龙湖的水体有富营养化风险,应对云龙湖大型底栖动物的保护和水质改善给予足够重视。
【Aim】The study on the macrobenthic community structure and its related environmental determinants of Yunlong Lake in Xuzhou City can provide a basis for local water quality protection.【Method】This investigation was carried out in Yunlong Lake from2013 to 2017.The macrobenthic samples were collected by using 1/16 m2 Peterson mud collector and the water samples were collected by using the plexiglass water collector in May and October each year with a total of 10 times. Three diversity indexes(ShannonWiener index,Margalef species richness index and Pielou evenness index) were used to evaluate the community structure,the Shannon-Wiener index was chose to have a biological assessment of water quality,and CCA(canonical correlation analysis) was applied to analyze the relationship between macrobenthos and environmental factors. 【Result】The macrobenthic community structure was uncomplicated due to its low species richness. There was no obvious inter-annual variation in the diversity indices. Water quality was classified as influenced by slight-to-medium pollution. In addition,total nitrogen concentration was the most important influencing factor on Limnodritus sp.,while permanganate index(CODMn) had major effects on chironomid larvae.【Conclusion】The water in Yunlong Lake displayed a risk of eutrophication. Therefore,much more attention should be paid to macrobenthos protection and water quality improvement of the lake.
【Aim】The study on the macrobenthic community structure and its related environmental determinants of Yunlong Lake in Xuzhou City can provide a basis for local water quality protection.【Method】This investigation was carried out in Yunlong Lake from2013 to 2017.The macrobenthic samples were collected by using 1/16 m2 Peterson mud collector and the water samples were collected by using the plexiglass water collector in May and October each year with a total of 10 times. Three diversity indexes(ShannonWiener index,Margalef species richness index and Pielou evenness index) were used to evaluate the community structure,the Shannon-Wiener index was chose to have a biological assessment of water quality,and CCA(canonical correlation analysis) was applied to analyze the relationship between macrobenthos and environmental factors. 【Result】The macrobenthic community structure was uncomplicated due to its low species richness. There was no obvious inter-annual variation in the diversity indices. Water quality was classified as influenced by slight-to-medium pollution. In addition,total nitrogen concentration was the most important influencing factor on Limnodritus sp.,while permanganate index(CODMn) had major effects on chironomid larvae.【Conclusion】The water in Yunlong Lake displayed a risk of eutrophication. Therefore,much more attention should be paid to macrobenthos protection and water quality improvement of the lake.
引文
陈小华,高伟,刘文亮,孙从军,康丽娟,2013.平原河网地区大型底栖动物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系.生态环境学报,22(8):1310-1316.
大连水产学院,1988.淡水生物学.北京:农业出版社.
国家环境保护总局,2006.水和废水监测分析方法.4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社.
李杨,李斌,李淑丹,王兴中,蔡庆华,2017.洱海流域河流生
态系统健康评价.应用与环境生物学报,23(3):427-431.
李勇,潘立勇,杨靖,2014.云龙湖底栖动物的变化研究.环境保护科学,40(3):20-23.
李朝,蔡琨,杜娟,杨靖,李勇,胡红娟,2016a.徐州城市河流和湖泊的大型底栖动物群落结构及影响因子分析.生态科学,35(1):61-66.
李朝,杨靖,蔡吉林,2016b.徐州京杭运河大型底栖动物群落结构变化及水质评价.环境科技,29(6):47-50.
辽宁省环境监测实验中心,2014.辽河流域大型底栖动物监测图鉴.北京:中国环境出版社.
陆强,陈慧丽,邵晓阳,王莹莹,陶敏,何京,唐龙,2013.杭州西溪湿地大型底栖动物群落特征及与环境因子的关系.生态学报,33(9):2803-2815.
吕顺,唐利兰,余莉琳,周猛,党伟龙,2011.云龙湖水质调查与评价.环境监测管理与技术,23(1):47-50.
舒凤月,张承德,张超,董龙香,高冉摇,樊喜英,2014.南四湖大型底栖动物群落结构及水质生物学评价.生态学杂志,33(1):184-189.
王俊才,王新华,2011.中国北方摇蚊幼虫.北京:中国言实出版社.
殷旭旺,徐宗学,高欣,白海峰,武玮,宋进喜,2013.渭河流域大型底栖动物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系.应用生态学报,24(1):218-226.
张又,程龙,尹洪斌,高俊峰,张志明,蔡永久,2017.巢湖流域不同水系大型底栖动物群落结构及影响因素.湖泊科学,29(1):200-215.
中华人民共和国环境保护部,2015.生物多样性观测技术导则淡水底栖大型无脊椎动物:HJ 710.8-2014.北京:中国环境科学出版社.
DU L N,JIANG Y E,CHEN X Y,YANG J X,ALDRIDGED,2017.A family-level macroinvertebrate biotic index for ecological assessment of lakes in Yunnan,China.Water Resources,44(6):864-874.
HAMED Y,NEMATOLLAH J,BANAFSHEH Z,2014.Relationship between benthic macroinvertebrate bio-indices and physicochemical parameters of water:a tool for water resources managers.Journal of Environmental Health Sciences&Engineering,12(1):2-9.
PETR S,JAN L,2014.Multivariate analysis of ecological data using Canoco 5.New York:Cambridge University Press.
SIMPSON E H,1949.Measurement of diversity.Nature,163:688.
XIE Z,ZHANG J,CAI K,XU Z A,WU D H,WANG B X,2016.Temporal and spatial distribution of macrobenthos communities and their responses to environmental factors in Lake Taihu.Acta Ecologica Sinica,36(1):16-22.
WARWICK R M,COLLINS R N,GEE J M,GEORGE C L,1986.Species size distributions of benthic and pelagic Metazoa:evidence for interaction?Marine Ecology Progress Series,34(1/2):63-68.
大连水产学院,1988.淡水生物学.北京:农业出版社.
国家环境保护总局,2006.水和废水监测分析方法.4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社.
李杨,李斌,李淑丹,王兴中,蔡庆华,2017.洱海流域河流生
态系统健康评价.应用与环境生物学报,23(3):427-431.
李勇,潘立勇,杨靖,2014.云龙湖底栖动物的变化研究.环境保护科学,40(3):20-23.
李朝,蔡琨,杜娟,杨靖,李勇,胡红娟,2016a.徐州城市河流和湖泊的大型底栖动物群落结构及影响因子分析.生态科学,35(1):61-66.
李朝,杨靖,蔡吉林,2016b.徐州京杭运河大型底栖动物群落结构变化及水质评价.环境科技,29(6):47-50.
辽宁省环境监测实验中心,2014.辽河流域大型底栖动物监测图鉴.北京:中国环境出版社.
陆强,陈慧丽,邵晓阳,王莹莹,陶敏,何京,唐龙,2013.杭州西溪湿地大型底栖动物群落特征及与环境因子的关系.生态学报,33(9):2803-2815.
吕顺,唐利兰,余莉琳,周猛,党伟龙,2011.云龙湖水质调查与评价.环境监测管理与技术,23(1):47-50.
舒凤月,张承德,张超,董龙香,高冉摇,樊喜英,2014.南四湖大型底栖动物群落结构及水质生物学评价.生态学杂志,33(1):184-189.
王俊才,王新华,2011.中国北方摇蚊幼虫.北京:中国言实出版社.
殷旭旺,徐宗学,高欣,白海峰,武玮,宋进喜,2013.渭河流域大型底栖动物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系.应用生态学报,24(1):218-226.
张又,程龙,尹洪斌,高俊峰,张志明,蔡永久,2017.巢湖流域不同水系大型底栖动物群落结构及影响因素.湖泊科学,29(1):200-215.
中华人民共和国环境保护部,2015.生物多样性观测技术导则淡水底栖大型无脊椎动物:HJ 710.8-2014.北京:中国环境科学出版社.
DU L N,JIANG Y E,CHEN X Y,YANG J X,ALDRIDGED,2017.A family-level macroinvertebrate biotic index for ecological assessment of lakes in Yunnan,China.Water Resources,44(6):864-874.
HAMED Y,NEMATOLLAH J,BANAFSHEH Z,2014.Relationship between benthic macroinvertebrate bio-indices and physicochemical parameters of water:a tool for water resources managers.Journal of Environmental Health Sciences&Engineering,12(1):2-9.
PETR S,JAN L,2014.Multivariate analysis of ecological data using Canoco 5.New York:Cambridge University Press.
SIMPSON E H,1949.Measurement of diversity.Nature,163:688.
XIE Z,ZHANG J,CAI K,XU Z A,WU D H,WANG B X,2016.Temporal and spatial distribution of macrobenthos communities and their responses to environmental factors in Lake Taihu.Acta Ecologica Sinica,36(1):16-22.
WARWICK R M,COLLINS R N,GEE J M,GEORGE C L,1986.Species size distributions of benthic and pelagic Metazoa:evidence for interaction?Marine Ecology Progress Series,34(1/2):63-68.