冬季肉鸡不同饲养模式下环境指标的监测与生产性能分析
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摘要
为了解山东省内具有代表性的三种肉鸡饲养模式(厚垫料饲养、网上平养和三层阶梯笼养)下环境指标与生产性能的差异,本试验对三种鸡舍分别进行10、25、35 d舍内二氧化碳、氨气、风速、光照、湿度和温度的监测,比较分析各种饲养条件中主要环境指标的差异;同时对比三种饲养模式对生产性能的影响。环境监测结果表明:三种饲养模式的温湿度、二氧化碳、氨气等环境指标有所差异,但从10 d到35 d大都表现为有害气体浓度逐渐增加,温度逐渐降低的规律;相同日龄的三种饲养模式比较结果表明:二氧化碳和氨气等有害气体浓度没有规律可循,氨气是25 d和35 d时,网上平养浓度最高,而笼养的浓度最低;生产性能试验结果表明,料肉比、成活率与出栏体重均是笼养最好。总之,不同饲养模式、不同日龄有害气体浓度以笼养相对较低,同时,笼养模式下生产性能表现最好。
In order to understand the differences of environmental indicators and production performance among the three representative feeding modes( thickness pad material feeding,net-rearing and three-layer cage) in Shandong Province,the carbon dioxide,ammonia,wind speed,light,humidity and temperature of the three chicken houses were monitored on the 10 th,25 th and 35 th day respectively in this experiment. The differences of the main environmental indicators between different feeding modes were compared,meanwhile,the production performance were also compared in feed conversion ratio and survival rate. The results showed that the environmental indicators such as temperature,humidity,carbon dioxide and ammonia gas were different between three feeding modes. The concentration of harmful gases increased gradually and the temperature decreased gradually from the 10 th day to the 35 th day. The comparison results of three feeding modes at the same day age showed that the concentrations of harmful gases such as carbon dioxide and ammonia gas did not changeregularly,and the ammonia concentration of net-rearing was the highest while that of the layer cage was the lowest at the 25 th and 35 th day. The three-layer cage mode had the best feed conversion ratio,survival rate and slaughter weight. In a word,the concentrations of harmful gases at different day ages were relatively lower and the production performance was the best in layer cage.
In order to understand the differences of environmental indicators and production performance among the three representative feeding modes( thickness pad material feeding,net-rearing and three-layer cage) in Shandong Province,the carbon dioxide,ammonia,wind speed,light,humidity and temperature of the three chicken houses were monitored on the 10 th,25 th and 35 th day respectively in this experiment. The differences of the main environmental indicators between different feeding modes were compared,meanwhile,the production performance were also compared in feed conversion ratio and survival rate. The results showed that the environmental indicators such as temperature,humidity,carbon dioxide and ammonia gas were different between three feeding modes. The concentration of harmful gases increased gradually and the temperature decreased gradually from the 10 th day to the 35 th day. The comparison results of three feeding modes at the same day age showed that the concentrations of harmful gases such as carbon dioxide and ammonia gas did not changeregularly,and the ammonia concentration of net-rearing was the highest while that of the layer cage was the lowest at the 25 th and 35 th day. The three-layer cage mode had the best feed conversion ratio,survival rate and slaughter weight. In a word,the concentrations of harmful gases at different day ages were relatively lower and the production performance was the best in layer cage.
引文
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[2]申李琰,牛晋国,刘文革,等.层叠式立体笼养肉鸡舍环境参数分布规律研究[J].中国家禽,2016,38(18):37-41.
[3]黄倩倩,吴德专,曲田桂.对层叠式鸡笼与网上平养设备产能比较[J].中国畜禽种业,2015,11(6):146-147.
[4]胡晓苗,张丹俊,赵瑞宏,等.不同类型商品肉鸡舍冬季环境指标调查[J].家畜生态学报,2013,34(6):58-61.
[5]吴俊锋,詹凯,李俊营,等.冬季有窗封闭式鸡舍内环境参数变化及对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响[J].中国家禽,2011,33(16):16-20.
[6]赵显龙,赵芙蓉,何万领.降低鸡舍空气中有害气体的研究[J].中国家禽,2009,31(4):21-23.