西部农村敬老院五保老人社会支持现状及其与躯体健康状况的关系
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摘要
目的了解西部农村敬老院五保老人的社会支持现状及其与躯体健康状况的关系。方法采用问卷调查的方式对贵州省某市的303名敬老院五保老人和291名普通居家老人的基本情况、社会支持度和躯体症状进行调查;采用二元逻辑回归分析社会支持与严重躯体症状的相关性。结果敬老院五保老人社会支持得分(27.87±7.20)分低于普通居家老人(34.55±8.53)分,躯体症状得分(13.46±5.67)分低于普通居家老人(16.32±4.21)分,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.001);敬老院老年人的支持来源主要为邻居/室友、村委会和亲戚,普通居家老年人的支持来源主要为配偶、其他家人和亲戚。二元logistic回归结果显示,客观支持对老人躯体症状的影响具有统计学意义。结论西部农村敬老院五保老人因家庭功能缺失的社会支持由邻居/室友等填补,其躯体健康状况优于同地区的普通居家老人。客观支持是农村敬老院五保老人严重躯体症状的重要影响因素。
Objective To understand the social support of the elderly living in rural gerocomium and the relationship between the elderly's physical health state and social support. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the basic information,social support and physical symptoms of 303 elders living in rural gerocomium and 291 elders living in the village. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the association between social support scores and severe somatic symptoms. Results The SSRS score and somatic symptom score of the elderly living in gerocomium were lower than that of the elderly living in village( 27. 87 ± 7. 20 vs 34. 55 ± 8. 53,13. 46 ± 5. 67 vs 16. 32 ± 4. 21). The sources of support for elderly living in gerocomium were mainly neighbors/roommates,village committees,and relatives. The sources of support for elderly living in village were mainly spouses,other family members,and relatives. Binary logistic analysis showed that the objective support( SSO) has a statistically significant effect on severe somatic symptoms of the elderly. Conclusion Gerocomium elderly's inadequate social support due to the lack of family function is filled by neighbors,roommates,and their physical health is better than that of the elderly living in village in the same area. Objective support is an important influencing factor for the serious physical symptoms of the elderly living in rural gerocomiums.
Objective To understand the social support of the elderly living in rural gerocomium and the relationship between the elderly's physical health state and social support. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the basic information,social support and physical symptoms of 303 elders living in rural gerocomium and 291 elders living in the village. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the association between social support scores and severe somatic symptoms. Results The SSRS score and somatic symptom score of the elderly living in gerocomium were lower than that of the elderly living in village( 27. 87 ± 7. 20 vs 34. 55 ± 8. 53,13. 46 ± 5. 67 vs 16. 32 ± 4. 21). The sources of support for elderly living in gerocomium were mainly neighbors/roommates,village committees,and relatives. The sources of support for elderly living in village were mainly spouses,other family members,and relatives. Binary logistic analysis showed that the objective support( SSO) has a statistically significant effect on severe somatic symptoms of the elderly. Conclusion Gerocomium elderly's inadequate social support due to the lack of family function is filled by neighbors,roommates,and their physical health is better than that of the elderly living in village in the same area. Objective support is an important influencing factor for the serious physical symptoms of the elderly living in rural gerocomiums.
引文
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[15]路雪芹,李彦洁,王彬,等.农村失能老年人照顾者的负担与社会支持相关性研究[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(5):843-847.
[2]马娇,卢文学,阿幸,等.农村老年人生命质量及其影响因素分析[J].中国公共卫生,2015,31(6):797-800.
[3]李小杉,何美琪,朱晓阳,等.四川巴中农村老年人生活质量及其影响因素[J].中国公共卫生,2014,30(2):149-152.
[4]韦璞.贫困地区农村老年人社会支持网初探[J].人口与发展,2010,16(2):76-82.
[5]Litwin H,Landau R.Social network type and social support among the old-old[J].Journal of Aging Studies,2000,14(2):213-228.
[6]肖水源.《社会支持评定量表》的理论基础与研究应用[J].临床精神医学杂志,1994,lc(2):98-100.
[7]刘继文,李富业,连玉龙.社会支持评定量表的信度效度研究[J].新疆医科大学学报,2008,31(1):1-3.
[8]钱洁,任致群,于德华,等.患者健康问卷躯体症状群量表在综合医院的筛检价值[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2014,28(3):173-178.
[9]杨程甲,许明智.企业员工的工作倦怠与功能性躯体不适[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2011,25(10):783-787.
[10]田苗苗,陈长香,李淑杏,等.河北省城乡老年人家庭、社会支持对心理健康影响[J].中国公共卫生,2015,31(2):156-159.
[11]白涛,武丽,姜雪锦,等.农村地区老年人社会支持与抑郁关系[J].中国公共卫生,2012,28(8):1044-1048.
[12]刘志荣,倪进发.老年人孤独及其相关因素研究[J].中国公共卫生,2003,19(03):293-295.
[13]贺寨平.社会经济地位,社会支持网与农村老年人身心状况[J].中国社会科学,2002(03):135-148.
[14]何芸,卫小将.着力强化农村五保老人社会支持网络——基于社会工作的分析视角[J].理论探索,2012(4):86-90.
[15]路雪芹,李彦洁,王彬,等.农村失能老年人照顾者的负担与社会支持相关性研究[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(5):843-847.