沅水五强溪水库斑点叉尾鮰的染色体组型分析
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摘要
[目的]了解沅水五强溪水库引进外来物种斑点叉尾鮰的体细胞染色体组型。[方法]采用植物血球凝集素和秋水仙素胸腔注射,取活体肾细胞低渗、固定、火焰干燥法制作染色体标本,对沅水五强溪水库引进外来物种斑点叉尾鮰的染色体核型进行分析。[结果]斑点叉尾鮰中期染色体二倍体数为2N=58,染色体配成29对,其中中部着丝点染色体4对,亚中部着丝点染色体5对,亚端部着丝点染色体13对,端部着丝点染色体7对。核型公式为2N=8M+10SM+26ST+14T,染色体臂数(NF)=76。[结论]该研究可为洞庭湖区斑点叉尾鮰的种质资源保护、遗传育种改良提供参考依据,也为进一步探讨引进外来种对本地相近物种的遗传多样性影响提供基础性资料。
[Objective] To understand the somatic cells karyotype of introduced alien species Ictalurus punctatus in Wuqiangxi Reservoir of Yuanshui River. [Method] After intrapleural injection of phytohemagglutinin( PHA) and colchicine,live renal cells were sampled to make chromosome specimen by low-permeability,fixation and flame-drying technique. The karyotype of introduced alien species I. punctatus in Wuqiangxi Reservoir of Yuanshui River were analyzed. [Result] The diploid number(2N) of metaphase chromosomes in I. punctatus was 58,which matched 29 pairs of chromosomes,including 4 pairs of metacentric chromosomes,5 pairs of submetacentric chromosomes,13 pairs of subtelocentric and 7 pairs of telocentric chromosomes. The karyotype formula of I. punctatus was 2N=8M+10 SM+26 ST+14 T,NF=76.[Conclusion]The research can provide references for germplasm resources' protection and genetic improvement and basic data for further discussion on the effects of introduced alien species I. punctatus on the genetic diversity of local similar species.
[Objective] To understand the somatic cells karyotype of introduced alien species Ictalurus punctatus in Wuqiangxi Reservoir of Yuanshui River. [Method] After intrapleural injection of phytohemagglutinin( PHA) and colchicine,live renal cells were sampled to make chromosome specimen by low-permeability,fixation and flame-drying technique. The karyotype of introduced alien species I. punctatus in Wuqiangxi Reservoir of Yuanshui River were analyzed. [Result] The diploid number(2N) of metaphase chromosomes in I. punctatus was 58,which matched 29 pairs of chromosomes,including 4 pairs of metacentric chromosomes,5 pairs of submetacentric chromosomes,13 pairs of subtelocentric and 7 pairs of telocentric chromosomes. The karyotype formula of I. punctatus was 2N=8M+10 SM+26 ST+14 T,NF=76.[Conclusion]The research can provide references for germplasm resources' protection and genetic improvement and basic data for further discussion on the effects of introduced alien species I. punctatus on the genetic diversity of local similar species.
引文
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[12]邹桂伟,潘光碧,梁拥军,等.大口鲇染色体组型和DNA含量的研究[J].中国水产科学,1997,4(5):96-99.
[2]卜跃先,谢初昀,刘鑫宇,等.引进外来物种的环境风险评价初探:以美国斑点叉尾鮰为例[J].水利渔业,2008,28(1):82-84.
[3]麻韶霖.华中斑点叉尾鮰产业发展走势分析[J].当代水产,2012(1):42-44.
[4]周国平.中国斑点叉尾鮰产业的现状及发展建议[J].中国水产,2005(6):26-28.
[5]刘良国,赵俊,崔淼,等.尖鳍鲤的染色体组型分析[J].华南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2004(1):108-111.
[6]LEVAN A,TREDGA K,SANDBERG A A.Nomenclature for centromeric position on chromosomes[J].Heredita,1964,52(2):201-220.
[7]张芹,宋威,惠筠,等.斑点叉尾鮰染色体组型的研究[J].河南水产,2009(1):35-36.
[8]刘海韵,周勤洁,雷靖靖,等.不同地区斑点叉尾鮰种内遗传多样性分析[J].氨基酸和生物资源,2008,30(4):1-6.
[9]崔蕾,谢从新,李艳和,等.斑点叉尾鮰4个群体遗传多样性的微卫星分析[J].华中农业大学学报,2012,31(6):744-751.
[10]楼允东,李小勤.中国鱼类远缘杂交研究及其在水产养殖上的应用[J].中国水产科学,2006,13(1):151-158.
[11]韩庆,秦杰,席在星.洞庭湖土鲶染色体核型分析[J].水产科学,2009,28(8):462-464.
[12]邹桂伟,潘光碧,梁拥军,等.大口鲇染色体组型和DNA含量的研究[J].中国水产科学,1997,4(5):96-99.