黔西北五指山穹状背斜构造特征与控矿模式
|
摘要
黔西北地区位于上扬子板块西南缘,是华南大面积低温成矿域的重要组成部分之一。该区东南部的五指山穹状背斜控制着多个铅锌矿床,显示其与铅锌成矿作用有密切联系。本文以五指山穹状背斜为研究对象,通过详细的地质调查与构造解析,结合不同时代地层白云岩的微量元素地球化学分析,揭示五指山背斜的的构造样式及其控矿模式。不同时代地层白云岩中的Pb、Zn、As、Ag和Sb富集特征,显示围岩中的成矿元素有一定程度富集,但围岩可能不是主要的金属物源岩石。综合区域地质背景资料,本文认为五指山地区铅锌矿床的成矿物质主要来自基底岩石,成矿流体在断裂的运移过程中,由于岩性界面和流体压力等作用,在有利部位富集成矿,而五指山地区有利的穹状背斜-逆冲断裂构造样式,就是铅锌成矿的最有利部位。
The NW Guizhou is in the southwestern edge of the Upper Yangtze Block and is one of the important components of the giant low-temperature metallogenic domain in South China. Several lead-zinc deposits are controlled by the Wuzhishan dome-shaped anticline in the southeastern part of the area, indicating that the Wuzhishan anticline is closely related to the Pb-Zn mineralization. In this paper, the Wuzhishan dome-shaped anticline is selected as the research object. Through detailed geological survey and structural analysis, and the trace element geochemical analysis of the dolomite in different aged strata, we have revealed the structural style and Pb-Zn ore-controlling model of the Wuzhishan anticline. The enrichment characteristics of Pb, Zn, As, Ag, and Sb in dolomites of various aged strata suggest that those ore-forming elements are enriched in wall rocks in a certain degree, though the wall rocks could not be the main metal source rocks. Based on the comprehensive study of regional geological background data, we have considered that the ore-forming materials of the Pb-Zn deposits in the Wuzhishan area could be mainly sourced from the basement rocks. During the migration process of the ore-forming fluids via fractures, because of lithological interface and fluid pressure, the mineralization occurred in some favorable locations. The favorable structural style of dome-shaped anticline and reverse fault in the Wuzhishan area is the most favorable part for the Pb-Zn mineralization. Based on the geological and geochemical research data, we have finally established an ore-controlling model for the anticline in this paper.
The NW Guizhou is in the southwestern edge of the Upper Yangtze Block and is one of the important components of the giant low-temperature metallogenic domain in South China. Several lead-zinc deposits are controlled by the Wuzhishan dome-shaped anticline in the southeastern part of the area, indicating that the Wuzhishan anticline is closely related to the Pb-Zn mineralization. In this paper, the Wuzhishan dome-shaped anticline is selected as the research object. Through detailed geological survey and structural analysis, and the trace element geochemical analysis of the dolomite in different aged strata, we have revealed the structural style and Pb-Zn ore-controlling model of the Wuzhishan anticline. The enrichment characteristics of Pb, Zn, As, Ag, and Sb in dolomites of various aged strata suggest that those ore-forming elements are enriched in wall rocks in a certain degree, though the wall rocks could not be the main metal source rocks. Based on the comprehensive study of regional geological background data, we have considered that the ore-forming materials of the Pb-Zn deposits in the Wuzhishan area could be mainly sourced from the basement rocks. During the migration process of the ore-forming fluids via fractures, because of lithological interface and fluid pressure, the mineralization occurred in some favorable locations. The favorable structural style of dome-shaped anticline and reverse fault in the Wuzhishan area is the most favorable part for the Pb-Zn mineralization. Based on the geological and geochemical research data, we have finally established an ore-controlling model for the anticline in this paper.
引文
[1]柳贺昌,林文达.滇东北铅锌银矿床规律研究[M].昆明:云南大学出版社,1999:1-468.
[2]周家喜,黄智龙,周国富,等.黔西北赫章天桥铅锌矿床成矿物质来源:S、Pb同位素和REE制约[J].地质论评,2010,56(4):513-524.
[3]黄智龙,胡瑞忠,苏文超,等.西南大面积低温成矿域:研究意义、历史及新进展[J].矿物学报,2011,31(3):309-314.
[4]胡瑞忠,毛景文,华仁民,等.华南陆块陆内成矿作用[M].北京:科学出版社,2015:387-592.
[5]周家喜,黄智龙,周国富,等.黔西北天桥铅锌矿床热液方解石C、O同位素和REE地球化学[J].大地构造与成矿学,2012,36(1):93-101.
[6]金中国,周家喜,黄智龙,等.贵州普定纳雍枝铅锌矿矿床成因:S和原位Pb同位素证据[J].岩石学报,2016,32(11):3441-3455.
[7]葛良胜.基于地质环境成矿专属性的成矿-找矿体系[J].矿床地质,2008,27(S1):1-14.
[8]翟裕生.成矿系统研究与找矿[J].地质调查与研究,2003,26(2):65-71.
[9]Zhou JX,Wang XC,Wilde SA,et al.New insights into the metallogeny of MVT Zn-Pb deposits:A case study from the Nayongzhi in South China,using field data,fluid compositions,and in situ S-Pb isotopes[J].American Mineralogist,2018,103(1):91-108.
[10]王亮,张应文,刘盛光.区域重磁资料圈定贵州境内侵入岩体及局部地质构造[J].物探与化探,2009,33(3):245-249+255.
[11]杨坤光,李学刚,戴传固,等.断层调整与控制作用下的叠加构造变形:以贵州地区燕山期构造为例[J].地质科技情报,2012,31(5):50-56.
[12]杨兴玉,任厚州,刘雨,等.黔西北五指山地区叠加构造变形特征对铅锌矿成矿的控制[J].现代地质,2018,32(4):739-749.
[13]邓新,杨坤光,刘彦良,等.黔中隆起性质及其构造演化[J].地学前缘,2010,17(3):79-89.
[14]秦守荣,张明发,龚梅,等.贵州的印支运动[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2009,29(2):100-103.
[15]RAMSAY JG,HUBER M.The techniques of modern structural geology.Volume 2:folds and fractures[M].London:Academic Press Inc.,1987:475-501.
[16]Shan HX,Zhai MG,Wang F,et.al.Zircon U-Pb ages,geochemistry,and Nd-Hf isotopes of the TTG gneisses from the Jiaobei terrane:Implications for Neoarchean crustal evolution in the North China Craton[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2015,98:61-74.
[17]Boynton W V.Geochemistry of the rare earth elements:meteorite studies[A].Henderson P.Rare earth element geochemistry[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier,1984:63-114.
[18]Gao S,Luo TC,Zhang BR,et al.Chemical composition of the continental crust as revealed by studies in East China[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1998,62(11):1959-1975.
[19]杨兴玉,周家喜,安琦,等.贵州纳雍枝铅锌矿床还原S的形成机制:NanoSIMS原位S同位素约束[J].矿物学报,2018,38(6):593-599.
[20]金中国,周家喜,郑明泓,等.贵州普定五指山地区铅锌矿床成矿模式[J].矿床地质,2017,36(5):1169-1184.
[21]朱路艳,苏文超,沈能平,等.黔西北地区铅锌矿床流体包裹体与硫同位素地球化学研究[J].岩石学报,2016,32(11):3431-3440.
[22]叶霖,刘铁庚,邵树勋.富镉锌矿成矿流体地球化学研究:以贵州都匀牛角塘富镉锌矿为例[J].地球化学,2000,29(6):597-603.
[23]杨绍祥,劳可通.湘西北铅锌矿床碳氢氧同位素特征及成矿环境分析[J].矿床地质,2007,26(3):330-340.
[24]Zhou JX,Xiang ZZ,Zhou MF,et al.The giant Upper Yangtze Pb-Zn province in SW China:Reviews,new advances and a new genetic model[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2018,154:280-315.
[25]吴越.川滇黔地区MVT铅锌矿床大规模成矿作用的时代与机制[D].北京:中国地质大学博士学位论文(北京),2013.
[26]翟裕生,林新多.矿田构造学[M].北京:地质出版社,1993:1-212.
[27]翟裕生.矿床学的百年回顾与发展趋势[J].地球科学进展,2001,16(5):719-725.
[28]翟裕生.成矿构造研究的回顾和展望[J].地质论评,2002,48(2):140-146.
[2]周家喜,黄智龙,周国富,等.黔西北赫章天桥铅锌矿床成矿物质来源:S、Pb同位素和REE制约[J].地质论评,2010,56(4):513-524.
[3]黄智龙,胡瑞忠,苏文超,等.西南大面积低温成矿域:研究意义、历史及新进展[J].矿物学报,2011,31(3):309-314.
[4]胡瑞忠,毛景文,华仁民,等.华南陆块陆内成矿作用[M].北京:科学出版社,2015:387-592.
[5]周家喜,黄智龙,周国富,等.黔西北天桥铅锌矿床热液方解石C、O同位素和REE地球化学[J].大地构造与成矿学,2012,36(1):93-101.
[6]金中国,周家喜,黄智龙,等.贵州普定纳雍枝铅锌矿矿床成因:S和原位Pb同位素证据[J].岩石学报,2016,32(11):3441-3455.
[7]葛良胜.基于地质环境成矿专属性的成矿-找矿体系[J].矿床地质,2008,27(S1):1-14.
[8]翟裕生.成矿系统研究与找矿[J].地质调查与研究,2003,26(2):65-71.
[9]Zhou JX,Wang XC,Wilde SA,et al.New insights into the metallogeny of MVT Zn-Pb deposits:A case study from the Nayongzhi in South China,using field data,fluid compositions,and in situ S-Pb isotopes[J].American Mineralogist,2018,103(1):91-108.
[10]王亮,张应文,刘盛光.区域重磁资料圈定贵州境内侵入岩体及局部地质构造[J].物探与化探,2009,33(3):245-249+255.
[11]杨坤光,李学刚,戴传固,等.断层调整与控制作用下的叠加构造变形:以贵州地区燕山期构造为例[J].地质科技情报,2012,31(5):50-56.
[12]杨兴玉,任厚州,刘雨,等.黔西北五指山地区叠加构造变形特征对铅锌矿成矿的控制[J].现代地质,2018,32(4):739-749.
[13]邓新,杨坤光,刘彦良,等.黔中隆起性质及其构造演化[J].地学前缘,2010,17(3):79-89.
[14]秦守荣,张明发,龚梅,等.贵州的印支运动[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2009,29(2):100-103.
[15]RAMSAY JG,HUBER M.The techniques of modern structural geology.Volume 2:folds and fractures[M].London:Academic Press Inc.,1987:475-501.
[16]Shan HX,Zhai MG,Wang F,et.al.Zircon U-Pb ages,geochemistry,and Nd-Hf isotopes of the TTG gneisses from the Jiaobei terrane:Implications for Neoarchean crustal evolution in the North China Craton[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2015,98:61-74.
[17]Boynton W V.Geochemistry of the rare earth elements:meteorite studies[A].Henderson P.Rare earth element geochemistry[M].Amsterdam:Elsevier,1984:63-114.
[18]Gao S,Luo TC,Zhang BR,et al.Chemical composition of the continental crust as revealed by studies in East China[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1998,62(11):1959-1975.
[19]杨兴玉,周家喜,安琦,等.贵州纳雍枝铅锌矿床还原S的形成机制:NanoSIMS原位S同位素约束[J].矿物学报,2018,38(6):593-599.
[20]金中国,周家喜,郑明泓,等.贵州普定五指山地区铅锌矿床成矿模式[J].矿床地质,2017,36(5):1169-1184.
[21]朱路艳,苏文超,沈能平,等.黔西北地区铅锌矿床流体包裹体与硫同位素地球化学研究[J].岩石学报,2016,32(11):3431-3440.
[22]叶霖,刘铁庚,邵树勋.富镉锌矿成矿流体地球化学研究:以贵州都匀牛角塘富镉锌矿为例[J].地球化学,2000,29(6):597-603.
[23]杨绍祥,劳可通.湘西北铅锌矿床碳氢氧同位素特征及成矿环境分析[J].矿床地质,2007,26(3):330-340.
[24]Zhou JX,Xiang ZZ,Zhou MF,et al.The giant Upper Yangtze Pb-Zn province in SW China:Reviews,new advances and a new genetic model[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2018,154:280-315.
[25]吴越.川滇黔地区MVT铅锌矿床大规模成矿作用的时代与机制[D].北京:中国地质大学博士学位论文(北京),2013.
[26]翟裕生,林新多.矿田构造学[M].北京:地质出版社,1993:1-212.
[27]翟裕生.矿床学的百年回顾与发展趋势[J].地球科学进展,2001,16(5):719-725.
[28]翟裕生.成矿构造研究的回顾和展望[J].地质论评,2002,48(2):140-146.