发电机主绝缘加速老化的频域介电特性
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摘要
为研究大型发电机主绝缘的频域介电特性,在实验室搭建多因子加速老化平台对发电机定子线棒试样进行加速老化,通过频域介电谱法(FDS)测试不同老化程度下发电机绝缘试样的频域介电特征量,研究环氧云母绝缘试样复电容和老化状态之间的关系,同时分析温度对发电机绝缘频域介电特征量的影响规律,并采用Arrhenius方程求得了发电机主绝缘的活化能。研究结果表明:发电机环氧云母绝缘的复电容实部和虚部随着老化周期增加明显增大,可反映绝缘老化状态;温度对绝缘介电特征量影响显著,根据复电容虚部的曲线和Arrhenius方程计算出第三个老化周期之后绝缘的活化能是67. 36kJ/mol;通过"频温平移"可以有效消除测试温度对FDS结果的影响,同时可以拓宽已知测试温度下的测试频率范围。
To study the FDS characteristics properties of large generator stator insulation,a multi-factor accelerated aging platform was set up and the generator stator bars were accelerated aging in laboratory.The FDS of generator insulation samples of different aging degrees were measured,and the relationship between the complex permittivity and the aging state of epoxy mica insulation was studied. The effect of temperature on characteristics of FDS of the generator insulation was studied and the activation energy of the generator insulation with Arrhenius equation was obtained. The results show that the real part and imaginary part of complex permittivity of the generator insulation increase obviously with the increase of the aging cycle,which can reflect the insulation aging state. The effect of temperature on FDS of generator insulation is significant and the activation energy of the insulation after the third cycle aging period is67. 36 kJ/mol according to the Arrhenius equation. The temperature effect on the FDS can be eliminated effectively by "translation of temperature dielectric spectroscopy". At the same time,the test frequency range under known test temperature can be broadened.
To study the FDS characteristics properties of large generator stator insulation,a multi-factor accelerated aging platform was set up and the generator stator bars were accelerated aging in laboratory.The FDS of generator insulation samples of different aging degrees were measured,and the relationship between the complex permittivity and the aging state of epoxy mica insulation was studied. The effect of temperature on characteristics of FDS of the generator insulation was studied and the activation energy of the generator insulation with Arrhenius equation was obtained. The results show that the real part and imaginary part of complex permittivity of the generator insulation increase obviously with the increase of the aging cycle,which can reflect the insulation aging state. The effect of temperature on FDS of generator insulation is significant and the activation energy of the insulation after the third cycle aging period is67. 36 kJ/mol according to the Arrhenius equation. The temperature effect on the FDS can be eliminated effectively by "translation of temperature dielectric spectroscopy". At the same time,the test frequency range under known test temperature can be broadened.
引文
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[18]宋建成,乐波.大电机主绝缘多因子老化试验中试样线棒端部防晕技术的研究[J].电工技术学报,2000,15(3):3.SONG Jiancheng,LE Bo.Study on anti-corona technique at ends of stator bar specimen in the multi-stress aging test for large generator stator winding insulation[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2000,15(3):3.
[19]杨丽君,齐超亮,等.采用修正Cole-Cole模型提取油纸绝缘频域介电谱的特征参量方法[J].高电压技术,2013,39(2),315.YANG Lijun,QI Chaoliang,et al.Application of modified ColeCole model to extract characteristics of frequency dielectric spectroscopy of oil-paper insulation[J].High Voltage Engineering,2013,39(2),315.
[20]FLORKOWSKI M,FURGA J.Detection of winding faults in electrical machines using the frequency response analysis method[J].Measurement Science&Technology,2004,15(10):2067.
[21]杨丽君,邓帮飞,廖瑞金,等.应用时-温-水分叠加方法改进油纸绝缘热老化寿命模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(31):198.YANG Lijun,DENG Bangfei,LIAO Ruijin,et al.Improvement of Lifetime Model on Thermal Aging of Oil-paper Insulation by Time-temperature-moisture Superposition Method[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(31):198.
[22]王世强,魏建林,杨双锁,等.油纸绝缘加速热老化的频域介电谱特性[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,(34):198.WANG Shiqiang,WEI Jianlin,YANG Shuangsuo,et al.Frequency domain dielectric spectroscopy characteristics of oil-paper insulation under accelerated thermal aging[J].Proceeding of the CSEE,2010,(34):198.
[2]马宏忠,张志艳,张志新,等.双馈异步发电机定子匝间短路故障诊断研究[J].电机与控制学报,2011,15(11):50.MA Hongzhong,ZHANG Zhiyan,ZHANG Zhixin,et al.Research on DFIG stator winding inter-turn short circuit fault[J].E-lectric Machines and Control,2011,15(11):50.
[3]DANIKAS M G,KARLIS A.Partial discharge diagnostics in wind turbine insulation[J].Journal of Zhejiang University C,2011,12(6):515-522.
[4]叶志军,游佰强,J.Rosendahl,等.基于FLUX 2D的大型同步发电机在额定运行下定子绕组匝间短路故障特性研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,03(3):125.YE Zhijun,YOU Baiqiang,J Rosendahl,et al.Fault characteristic study based on FLUX 2D for large synchronous generators with stator winding inter-turn short circuits under rated operating conditions[J].Proceeding of the CSEE,2013,03(3):125.
[5]LIU X,ZHANG T,BAI Y,et al.Effects of accelerated repetitive impulse voltage aging on performance of model stator insulation of wind turbine generator[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics E-lectrical Insulation,2014,21(4):1507.
[6]张晓虹,张亮.基于局部放电的矩特征分析大电机主绝缘的老化[J].中国电机工程学报,2002,22(5):94.ZHANG Xiaohng,ZHANG Liang.Analysis on aging condition of stator winding insulation of generator based on the moment characteristics of partial discharge[J].Proceeding of the CSEE,2002,22(5):94.
[7]JONSCHER A K.Dielectric relaxation in solids[M].Journal of Physics D Applied Physics,1999.
[8]ZAENGL W S.Applications of dielectric spectroscopy in time and frequency domain for HV power equipment[J].IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine,2003,19(6):9.
[9]杨丽君,齐超亮,吕彦冬,等.热老化时间及测试温度对油纸绝缘时域介电特性的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,31(31):162.YANG Lijun,QI Chaoliang,LV Yandong,et al.Study on influences of thermal aging time and testing temperatures on time-domain dielectric characteristics of oil-paper insulation[J].Proceeding of the CSEE,2013,31(31):162.
[10]DAVID E,LAMARRE L.Low-frequency dielectric response of epoxy-mica insulated generator bars during multi-stress aging[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2007,14(1):214.
[11]M.A.R.M.FERNANDO,W.M.L.B.NARANPANAWA,et al.Condition assessment of stator insulation during drying,wetting and electrical ageing[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2013,20(6):2085.
[12]刘骥,李秀婧,魏新劳.环氧-云母复合绝缘固化过程介电响应特性[J].电机与控制学报,2014,18(6):22-28.LIU Ji,LI Xiujing,WEI Xinlao,The dielectric response characteristics of curing process in epoxy-mica composite insulation[J].Electric Machines and Control,2014,18(6):26.
[13]王兵.汽轮发电机主绝缘多因子老化的介电响应特性研究[D].西南交通大学,2016.
[14]宋建成,乐波.大型发电机主绝缘多因子老化试验系统的研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2000(7):12.SONG Jiancheng,LE Bo.Study on multi-stress aging test system for stator winding insulation of large generator[J].Proceeding of the CSEE,2000(7):12.
[15]宋建成,成永红,高乃奎,等.基于动态力学分析的大电机主绝缘老化诊断[J].复合材料学报.2002.05(5):101.SONG Jiancheng,CHENG Yonhong,GAO Naikui,et al.Aging diagnosis of large generator winding insulation based on dynamic mechanical analysis[J].Proceedings of the Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering,2002,05(5):101.
[16]赵孔双.介电谱方法及应用[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2008.
[17]孙目珍.电介质物理基础[M].广州:华南理工大学出版社.2000:116.
[18]宋建成,乐波.大电机主绝缘多因子老化试验中试样线棒端部防晕技术的研究[J].电工技术学报,2000,15(3):3.SONG Jiancheng,LE Bo.Study on anti-corona technique at ends of stator bar specimen in the multi-stress aging test for large generator stator winding insulation[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2000,15(3):3.
[19]杨丽君,齐超亮,等.采用修正Cole-Cole模型提取油纸绝缘频域介电谱的特征参量方法[J].高电压技术,2013,39(2),315.YANG Lijun,QI Chaoliang,et al.Application of modified ColeCole model to extract characteristics of frequency dielectric spectroscopy of oil-paper insulation[J].High Voltage Engineering,2013,39(2),315.
[20]FLORKOWSKI M,FURGA J.Detection of winding faults in electrical machines using the frequency response analysis method[J].Measurement Science&Technology,2004,15(10):2067.
[21]杨丽君,邓帮飞,廖瑞金,等.应用时-温-水分叠加方法改进油纸绝缘热老化寿命模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(31):198.YANG Lijun,DENG Bangfei,LIAO Ruijin,et al.Improvement of Lifetime Model on Thermal Aging of Oil-paper Insulation by Time-temperature-moisture Superposition Method[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(31):198.
[22]王世强,魏建林,杨双锁,等.油纸绝缘加速热老化的频域介电谱特性[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,(34):198.WANG Shiqiang,WEI Jianlin,YANG Shuangsuo,et al.Frequency domain dielectric spectroscopy characteristics of oil-paper insulation under accelerated thermal aging[J].Proceeding of the CSEE,2010,(34):198.