五礼制度沿革与萧梁文运兴变
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摘要
萧梁五礼制度历经天监四年至普通六年的确立期,普通六年至中大同年间的佛化期,以及太清、承圣、太平年间的反思批判期。萧衍、萧统、沈约、任昉、徐勉、陆倕、到洽、张缵等诸多文坛名士主导或参与议礼、制礼事宜,深湛的礼学修养与经学根底渗透到创作中来,进而对文运变转产生深刻影响。萧梁文坛随着五礼制度的沿革,先后呈现梁初崇典尚雅、中期典丽分趋、末期文道相分的阶段性特征。萧纲针对五礼制度化过度干预文事创作的弊端,主张文学娱情审美功能与载道宣教功能的彻底疏离。萧绎在梁末乱局中重新标举忠孝治国,深入批判文道相分的弊症,试图走出文道相合的折中之路。
The constructions of the Five-Ritual systems during Liang Dynasty included three phases:The first phase from 505 to 525was the establishing period;the second from 525 to 546was the Buddhist period;the last from 547 to 557was the reflected and critical period.A lot of famous writers,such as XiaoYan,XiaoTong,ShenYue,RenFang,Xu Mian,Lu Chui,Dao Qia,Zhang Zuan,and so on,participated in debating and formulating the Five-Ritual systems,which had a great influence on their own literary creations,so far as to impact the transitions of the literary world during Liang Dynasty.It took on three phrases features that were Confucian rhetoric in the early-stage,quaint-gorgeous mutually exclusive in the middle stage and literature apart from morality in the last stage.Xiao Gang's made the excessive intervention of the Five-Ritual systems in the literary arena,and set up a series of propositions to emphasize the literary aesthetic and entertaining functions.On this basis he maintained the literature should break away from Confucian ethical systems.Xiao Yi tried to run the state by Confucian political systems with loyalty and filial piety as the core.He criticizesd the trend of literature apart from morality in the late Liang Dynasty in depth and wanted to find the way to combine the literature and morality in the literary world.
The constructions of the Five-Ritual systems during Liang Dynasty included three phases:The first phase from 505 to 525was the establishing period;the second from 525 to 546was the Buddhist period;the last from 547 to 557was the reflected and critical period.A lot of famous writers,such as XiaoYan,XiaoTong,ShenYue,RenFang,Xu Mian,Lu Chui,Dao Qia,Zhang Zuan,and so on,participated in debating and formulating the Five-Ritual systems,which had a great influence on their own literary creations,so far as to impact the transitions of the literary world during Liang Dynasty.It took on three phrases features that were Confucian rhetoric in the early-stage,quaint-gorgeous mutually exclusive in the middle stage and literature apart from morality in the last stage.Xiao Gang's made the excessive intervention of the Five-Ritual systems in the literary arena,and set up a series of propositions to emphasize the literary aesthetic and entertaining functions.On this basis he maintained the literature should break away from Confucian ethical systems.Xiao Yi tried to run the state by Confucian political systems with loyalty and filial piety as the core.He criticizesd the trend of literature apart from morality in the late Liang Dynasty in depth and wanted to find the way to combine the literature and morality in the literary world.
引文
[1]梁满仓.论魏晋南北朝时期的五礼制度化[J].中国史研究,2001(4):27-52.
[2]姚思廉.梁书[M].北京:中华书局,1973.
[3]李延寿.南史[M].北京:中华书局,1975.
[4]魏征,等.隋书[M].北京:中华书局,1973.
[5]严可均.全梁文[M].北京:中华书局,1958.
[6]逯钦立.先秦汉魏晋南北朝诗[M].北京:中华书局,1983.
[7]欧阳询.艺文类聚[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,1995.
[8]杜佑.通典[M].北京:中华书局,1988.
[9]萧统.文选[M].北京:中华书局,1977.
[10]罗国威.日藏弘仁本文馆词林校证[M].北京:中华书局,2001.
[11]叶适.习学记言序目[M].北京:中华书局,1977.
[12]傅恩,马涛.范缜《神灭论》发表年代的考辨[J].复旦学报:社会科学版,1995(1):89-96.
[13]姚思廉:陈书[M].北京:中华书局,1972.
[14]孙宝.沈约与齐梁宗经隶事之变[J].文史哲,2014(5):63-71.
[15]许逸民:金楼子校笺[M].北京:中华书局,2011.
[16]骆玉明,吴仕逵.宫体诗的当代批评及其政治背景[J].复旦学报:社会科学版,1999(3):114-118.
[17]刘肃.大唐新语[M].北京:中华书局,1984.
(1)萧梁《五礼仪注》的修纂过程,可参闫宁《齐梁〈五礼仪注〉修撰考》,见《文史》2011年第4辑,第65-75页。
(1)有关任昉《文章缘起》文原观的创新及对《文选》编纂的影响,可参吴承学《中国古代文体学研究》(人民出版社2011年版,第317页)与杨赛《任昉与南朝士风》(上海古籍出版社2011年版,第246-252页)的相关考论。
(1)参见曹道衡《萧统的文学观和〈文选〉》,《文学遗产》2004年第4期,第23-33页;《试论梁代学术文艺与文选》,《南京师范大学文学院学报》2003年第3期,第12-14页的论述。
[2]姚思廉.梁书[M].北京:中华书局,1973.
[3]李延寿.南史[M].北京:中华书局,1975.
[4]魏征,等.隋书[M].北京:中华书局,1973.
[5]严可均.全梁文[M].北京:中华书局,1958.
[6]逯钦立.先秦汉魏晋南北朝诗[M].北京:中华书局,1983.
[7]欧阳询.艺文类聚[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,1995.
[8]杜佑.通典[M].北京:中华书局,1988.
[9]萧统.文选[M].北京:中华书局,1977.
[10]罗国威.日藏弘仁本文馆词林校证[M].北京:中华书局,2001.
[11]叶适.习学记言序目[M].北京:中华书局,1977.
[12]傅恩,马涛.范缜《神灭论》发表年代的考辨[J].复旦学报:社会科学版,1995(1):89-96.
[13]姚思廉:陈书[M].北京:中华书局,1972.
[14]孙宝.沈约与齐梁宗经隶事之变[J].文史哲,2014(5):63-71.
[15]许逸民:金楼子校笺[M].北京:中华书局,2011.
[16]骆玉明,吴仕逵.宫体诗的当代批评及其政治背景[J].复旦学报:社会科学版,1999(3):114-118.
[17]刘肃.大唐新语[M].北京:中华书局,1984.
(1)萧梁《五礼仪注》的修纂过程,可参闫宁《齐梁〈五礼仪注〉修撰考》,见《文史》2011年第4辑,第65-75页。
(1)有关任昉《文章缘起》文原观的创新及对《文选》编纂的影响,可参吴承学《中国古代文体学研究》(人民出版社2011年版,第317页)与杨赛《任昉与南朝士风》(上海古籍出版社2011年版,第246-252页)的相关考论。
(1)参见曹道衡《萧统的文学观和〈文选〉》,《文学遗产》2004年第4期,第23-33页;《试论梁代学术文艺与文选》,《南京师范大学文学院学报》2003年第3期,第12-14页的论述。