淮北平原农作物生长期有效降水量的研究
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摘要
为获得适用于淮北平原农作物生长期有效降水量估算的方法,利用五道沟实验站地下水位控制埋深为1.0 m、1.5 m和2.0 m,测筒面积为2.0 m2和4.0 m2,土样为原状砂姜黑土的6套大型地中蒸渗仪,以小麦、夏玉米为对象,分别设计3个水平、6个处理,开展为期3年的有效降水量观测试验研究。利用长系列资料,获得地下水位控制埋深为1.0 m、1.5 m及2.0 m共3个水平在3种实测典型年,即p为5.1%、48.7%和94.9%的有效降水量及其有效降水系数分析结果,计算出不同时段,即月、季或年的有效降水量。
In order to get an estimation method for the effective precipitation in Huaibei plain during the crop growth period, an experiment lasting for three years was designed based on three levels and six processing according to the survey of the effective precipitation. In the experiment, wheat and summer maize were taken as objective, and the area of the six set measurement tubes of the earth lysimeter were 2.0 m2and 4.0 m2whose buried depth under control of the groundwater are 1.0 m, 1.5 m and 2.0 m in Wudaogou Key Laboratory of Water Resources. The soil sample is lime concretion black soil. Based on a long series document, the analysis of the effective precipitation and the effective precipitation coefficient in different groundwater burying depth(1.0 m, 1.5 m and 2.0 m)were gotten at three kinds of typical annuals(5.1%, 48.7% and 94.9%), and the effective precipitation at different time, that is, month, quaternary and year was estimated.
In order to get an estimation method for the effective precipitation in Huaibei plain during the crop growth period, an experiment lasting for three years was designed based on three levels and six processing according to the survey of the effective precipitation. In the experiment, wheat and summer maize were taken as objective, and the area of the six set measurement tubes of the earth lysimeter were 2.0 m2and 4.0 m2whose buried depth under control of the groundwater are 1.0 m, 1.5 m and 2.0 m in Wudaogou Key Laboratory of Water Resources. The soil sample is lime concretion black soil. Based on a long series document, the analysis of the effective precipitation and the effective precipitation coefficient in different groundwater burying depth(1.0 m, 1.5 m and 2.0 m)were gotten at three kinds of typical annuals(5.1%, 48.7% and 94.9%), and the effective precipitation at different time, that is, month, quaternary and year was estimated.
引文
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[3]刘战东,段爱旺,肖俊夫,等.冬小麦生育期有效降水量计算模式研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2009,2(2):21-25.
[4]徐小波,周和平,王忠,等.干旱灌区有效降雨量利用率研究[J].节水灌溉,2010(12):44-46.
[5]杨燕山,陈渠昌,郭中小,等.内蒙古西部风沙区耕地有效降雨量适宜计算方法[J].内蒙古水利,2004(1):67-70.
[6]单新兰,苏占胜,张智,等.宁夏山区春季降水对冬小麦生长发育的影响[J].干旱气象,2012,30(3):426-430.
[7]黄静.山东省主要作物灌溉定额研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2011.
[8]王文佳,冯浩.基于CROPWAT-DSSAT关中地区冬小麦需水规律及灌溉制度研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2012,20(6):795-802.
[9]周羽,冯明.利用自动站逐日降水量实时估测土壤墒情[J].中国农业气象,2009,30(S2):230-232.
[10]郭元裕.农田水利学[M].3版.北京:中国水利水电出版社,1995.
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