扭转冲击钻井工具的工作特性
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摘要
扭转冲击钻井工具是近年来应用较为广泛的提速工具,它可以有效地消除PDC钻头的黏滑振动现象,提高深部地层的机械钻速。在分析工具结构与工作原理的基础上,文中建立了摆锤、换向器的运动数学模型,研究了摆锤、换向器的运动特性,并对工具的冲击性能参数随钻井液排量和节流喷嘴直径的变化规律进行了计算。结果表明:摆锤和换向器在不同阶段的运动均为非线性的;工具的冲击功和冲击频率随钻井液排量的增加而增大,随节流喷嘴直径的增大而减小。研究结果对于扭转冲击钻井工具的设计与应用具有重要的借鉴意义。
Being a new type of drilling tool, torsional impact drilling tool is widely used to eliminate stick-slip vibration of PDC bit and enhance the ROP of deep formation recently. Based on the analysis of the structure and operating principle of the tool, the movement characteristic model of hammer and commutator was established in this paper, and the running characteristics of hammer and commutator were studied. The relationships among the tool performance parameters and the drilling mud flow rate and throttle nozzle diameter were calculated. The results show that the motion of the hammer and the commutator are nonlinear at different stages. The impact energy and the impact frequency of torsional impact drilling tool increase with the increase of drilling mud flow rate, but decrease with the increase of nozzle diameter. The research results provide important reference for the design and application of torsional impact drilling tools.
Being a new type of drilling tool, torsional impact drilling tool is widely used to eliminate stick-slip vibration of PDC bit and enhance the ROP of deep formation recently. Based on the analysis of the structure and operating principle of the tool, the movement characteristic model of hammer and commutator was established in this paper, and the running characteristics of hammer and commutator were studied. The relationships among the tool performance parameters and the drilling mud flow rate and throttle nozzle diameter were calculated. The results show that the motion of the hammer and the commutator are nonlinear at different stages. The impact energy and the impact frequency of torsional impact drilling tool increase with the increase of drilling mud flow rate, but decrease with the increase of nozzle diameter. The research results provide important reference for the design and application of torsional impact drilling tools.
引文
[1]冯程宝,贾晓丽,刘书海,等.油气井钻柱粘滑振动研究进展[J].石油矿场机械,2016,45(11):78-87.
[2] KYLLINGSTAD A,HALSEY G W. A study of slip-stick motion of the bit[J]. SPE Drilling Engineering,1988,3(4):369-373.
[3]祝效华,汤历平,孟苹苹,等.PDC钻头粘滑振动机理分析[J].石油矿场机械,2012,41(4):13-16.
[4] KOVALYSHEN Y. Understanding root cause of stick-slip vibrations in deep drilling with drag bits[J]. International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics,2014,67:331-341.
[5]滕学清,狄勤丰,李宁,等.超深井钻柱粘滑振动特征的测量与分析[J].石油钻探技术,2017,45(2):32-39.
[6]祝效华,汤历平,童华.高频扭转冲击钻进的减振与提速机理研究[J].振动与冲击,2012,31(20):75-78,109.
[7]祝效华,刘伟吉.单齿高频扭转冲击切削的破岩及提速机理[J].石油学报,2017,38(5):578-586.
[8]李海.扭转冲击作用下PDC切削齿破岩数值模拟研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2014.
[9]李玮,何选蓬,闫铁,等.近钻头扭转冲击器破岩机理及应用[J].石油钻采工艺,2014,36(5):1-4.
[10]查春青,柳贡慧,李军,等.复合冲击破岩钻井新技术提速机理研究[J].石油钻探技术,2017,45(2):20-24.
[11]李美求,李嘉文,李宁,等.周向冲击扭矩作用下PDC钻头的黏滑振动分析[J].石油钻采工艺,2018,40(3):287-292.
[12]杨先伦,何世明,王涛.高频扭转冲击钻井PDC钻头切削齿瞬间碰撞破岩分析[J].断块油气田,2018,25(6):789-792.
[13] DEEN C A,WEDEL R J,NAYAN A,et al. Application of a torsional impact hammer to improve drilling efficiency[R]. SPE 147193,2011.
[14]周祥林,张金成,张东清,等.TorkBuster扭力冲击器在元坝地区的试验应用[J].钻采工艺,2012,35(2):15-17.
[15]彭明旺,李双贵,吴双喜,等.扭力冲击发生器在塔河油田的应用[J].断块油气田,2012,19(5):622-625.
[16]张海山,葛俊瑞,杨进,等.扭力冲击器在海上深部地层的提速效果评价[J].断块油气田,2014,21(2):249-251.
[17]崔海林,周延军,唐洪林,等.丁页5井“井筒一体化”钻井提速技术[J].石油钻探技术,2018,46(1):24-29.
[18]何玲,徐诚.两构件冲击接触过程的理论与数值模拟[J].南京理工大学学报,2012,36(2):195-201.
[19]李国民.双作用液动冲击器仿真电算数学模型[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),1997,24(4):34-36.
[2] KYLLINGSTAD A,HALSEY G W. A study of slip-stick motion of the bit[J]. SPE Drilling Engineering,1988,3(4):369-373.
[3]祝效华,汤历平,孟苹苹,等.PDC钻头粘滑振动机理分析[J].石油矿场机械,2012,41(4):13-16.
[4] KOVALYSHEN Y. Understanding root cause of stick-slip vibrations in deep drilling with drag bits[J]. International Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics,2014,67:331-341.
[5]滕学清,狄勤丰,李宁,等.超深井钻柱粘滑振动特征的测量与分析[J].石油钻探技术,2017,45(2):32-39.
[6]祝效华,汤历平,童华.高频扭转冲击钻进的减振与提速机理研究[J].振动与冲击,2012,31(20):75-78,109.
[7]祝效华,刘伟吉.单齿高频扭转冲击切削的破岩及提速机理[J].石油学报,2017,38(5):578-586.
[8]李海.扭转冲击作用下PDC切削齿破岩数值模拟研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2014.
[9]李玮,何选蓬,闫铁,等.近钻头扭转冲击器破岩机理及应用[J].石油钻采工艺,2014,36(5):1-4.
[10]查春青,柳贡慧,李军,等.复合冲击破岩钻井新技术提速机理研究[J].石油钻探技术,2017,45(2):20-24.
[11]李美求,李嘉文,李宁,等.周向冲击扭矩作用下PDC钻头的黏滑振动分析[J].石油钻采工艺,2018,40(3):287-292.
[12]杨先伦,何世明,王涛.高频扭转冲击钻井PDC钻头切削齿瞬间碰撞破岩分析[J].断块油气田,2018,25(6):789-792.
[13] DEEN C A,WEDEL R J,NAYAN A,et al. Application of a torsional impact hammer to improve drilling efficiency[R]. SPE 147193,2011.
[14]周祥林,张金成,张东清,等.TorkBuster扭力冲击器在元坝地区的试验应用[J].钻采工艺,2012,35(2):15-17.
[15]彭明旺,李双贵,吴双喜,等.扭力冲击发生器在塔河油田的应用[J].断块油气田,2012,19(5):622-625.
[16]张海山,葛俊瑞,杨进,等.扭力冲击器在海上深部地层的提速效果评价[J].断块油气田,2014,21(2):249-251.
[17]崔海林,周延军,唐洪林,等.丁页5井“井筒一体化”钻井提速技术[J].石油钻探技术,2018,46(1):24-29.
[18]何玲,徐诚.两构件冲击接触过程的理论与数值模拟[J].南京理工大学学报,2012,36(2):195-201.
[19]李国民.双作用液动冲击器仿真电算数学模型[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),1997,24(4):34-36.