测试作业之井筒完整性标准
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摘要
本文旨在介绍与井筒完整性有关的预探井及评价井井筒测试作业要求和标准。该测试作业始于钻完设计井深和电测录完裸眼井段,终于井筒压井结束和测试管柱起出。介绍了在过平衡、平衡、欠平衡3种压力条件时的测试作业以及建立不间断压力系统的工作,给出了4个典型图例以说明海洋井测试作业所用井筒屏障的功能、结构组件及其验收标准,并在附录中给出了就地地层、测试管柱作为井筒屏障及其验收要求。明确了测试作业时的井控程序及在井控条件下的钻井作业。在井筒完整性标准基础上,对测试作业的测试压力、测试载荷进行了设计,对测试作业的准备工作和风险防范工作进行了标准化。
The requirements and standards related to well integrity during well testing of exploration wells and appraisal wells were illustrated. Testing operation begins when the well is drilled to the designed depth and the electric logging in the open hole is finished, and ends when the well is killed and the testing string is tripped out. Firstly, the testing operation in three pressure conditions(overbalance-balance-underbalance) and the operation to establish a continuous pressure system were illustrated. Secondly, 4 typical diagrams were provided to describe the function, structural component and acceptance standard of well barrier in testing operation. It was pointed out in the appendix that in-situ formation and testing string are taken as the well barrier and its acceptance requirements were also listed. Thirdly, the well control procedure in the process of testing operation and the drilling activities under the condition of well control were described. Fourthly, the design basis, testing load and design assumption of testing operation were illustrated. And finally, the way to prevent the formation of hydrate in the process of testing operation was introduced briefly.
The requirements and standards related to well integrity during well testing of exploration wells and appraisal wells were illustrated. Testing operation begins when the well is drilled to the designed depth and the electric logging in the open hole is finished, and ends when the well is killed and the testing string is tripped out. Firstly, the testing operation in three pressure conditions(overbalance-balance-underbalance) and the operation to establish a continuous pressure system were illustrated. Secondly, 4 typical diagrams were provided to describe the function, structural component and acceptance standard of well barrier in testing operation. It was pointed out in the appendix that in-situ formation and testing string are taken as the well barrier and its acceptance requirements were also listed. Thirdly, the well control procedure in the process of testing operation and the drilling activities under the condition of well control were described. Fourthly, the design basis, testing load and design assumption of testing operation were illustrated. And finally, the way to prevent the formation of hydrate in the process of testing operation was introduced briefly.
引文
[1]NORSOK Standard D-010,Well integrity in drilling and well operations[S].4th Edition.2013.
[2]NORSOK Standard D-010,Well integrity in drilling and well operations[S].3rd Edition.2004.
[3]ISO/TS 16530-2 2013,Well integrity-Part 2:Well integrity for the operational phase,technical specification[S].
[4]中国石油天然气集团公司.高温高压及高含硫井井筒完整性系列标准[S].2017.China National Petroleum Corporation.Wellbore integrity criteria for high temperature,high pressure and high sulfur wells[S].2017.
[5]中国油气田开发志(长庆卷、延长卷)[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2011.China’s oil and gas field development history(Changqing and Yanchang)[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2011.
[6]史毅,张宇睿,程纯勇.国内外井筒完整性研究进展[J].内江科技,2014(5):118-119.SHI Yi,ZHANG Yurui,CHENG Chunyong.Research progress of wellbore integrity at home and abroad[J].Neijiang Science and Technology,2014(5):118-119.
[7]张昕,吴奇兵,葛伟凤,徐光鹏,于连波.基于宽频超声法的在产井井筒完整性检测技术研究[J].石油管材与仪器,2016,2(5):27-29,35.ZHANG Xin,WU Qibing,GE Weifeng,XU Guangpeng,YU Lianbo.Research on in-service shaft integrity detection technique based broadband ultrasonic method[J].Petroleum Tubular Goods&Instruments,2016,2(5):27-29,35.
[8]万仁溥.现代完井工程[M].1版.北京:石油工业出版社,1996.Wan Renpu.Modern well completion engineering[M].1st Edition.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1996.
[9]张智,周延军,付建红,陈明,李文飞,施太和.含硫气井的井筒完整性设计方法[J].天然气工业,2010,30(3):67-69.ZHANG Zhi,ZHOU Yanjun,FU Jianhong,CHEN Ming,LI Wenfei,SHI Taihe.A method of well integrity design for sour gas wells[J].Natural Gas Industry,2010,30(3):67-69.
[10]胡顺渠,陈琛,史雪枝,熊昕东,蒋龙军.川西高温高压气井井筒完整性优化设计及应用[J].海洋石油,2011,31(2):82-85.HU Shunqu,CHEN Chen,SHI Xuezhi,XIONG Xindong,JIANG Longjun.Optimal design of well integrity and its application in HPHT gas well in western region of Sichuan[J].Offshore Oil,2011,31(2):82-85.
[11]李炎军,张万栋,杨仲涵,张超,李文拓.东方13-1高温高压气田全寿命多级屏障井筒完整性设计[J].石油钻采工艺,2016,38(6):776-781.LI Yanjun,ZHANG Wandong,YANG Zhonghan,ZHANG Chao,LI Wentuo.Design of life-cycle multibarrier wellbore integrity in Dongfang 13-1 HTHP Gas Field[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2016,38(6):776-781.
[12]张绍槐.井筒完整性的定义、功能、应用及进展[J].石油钻采工艺,2018,40(1):1-8,13.ZHANG Shaohuai.Definition,function,application and progress of wellbore integrity[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2018,40(1):1-8,13.
[13]张绍槐.钻井作业应用井筒完整性标准[J].石油钻采工艺,2018,40(2):147-156.ZHANG Shaohuai.Standard on wellbore integrity in drilling operation[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2018,40(2):147-156.
[14]张绍槐.完井作业应用井筒完整性标准[J].石油钻采工艺,2018,40(3):275-286.ZHANG Shaohuai.The wellbore integrity standard applied in completion operation[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2018,40(3):275-286.
[15]张绍槐.石油钻井完井文集[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2017.ZHANG Shaohuai.Symposium on oil well drilling and completion[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2017.
[2]NORSOK Standard D-010,Well integrity in drilling and well operations[S].3rd Edition.2004.
[3]ISO/TS 16530-2 2013,Well integrity-Part 2:Well integrity for the operational phase,technical specification[S].
[4]中国石油天然气集团公司.高温高压及高含硫井井筒完整性系列标准[S].2017.China National Petroleum Corporation.Wellbore integrity criteria for high temperature,high pressure and high sulfur wells[S].2017.
[5]中国油气田开发志(长庆卷、延长卷)[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2011.China’s oil and gas field development history(Changqing and Yanchang)[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2011.
[6]史毅,张宇睿,程纯勇.国内外井筒完整性研究进展[J].内江科技,2014(5):118-119.SHI Yi,ZHANG Yurui,CHENG Chunyong.Research progress of wellbore integrity at home and abroad[J].Neijiang Science and Technology,2014(5):118-119.
[7]张昕,吴奇兵,葛伟凤,徐光鹏,于连波.基于宽频超声法的在产井井筒完整性检测技术研究[J].石油管材与仪器,2016,2(5):27-29,35.ZHANG Xin,WU Qibing,GE Weifeng,XU Guangpeng,YU Lianbo.Research on in-service shaft integrity detection technique based broadband ultrasonic method[J].Petroleum Tubular Goods&Instruments,2016,2(5):27-29,35.
[8]万仁溥.现代完井工程[M].1版.北京:石油工业出版社,1996.Wan Renpu.Modern well completion engineering[M].1st Edition.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1996.
[9]张智,周延军,付建红,陈明,李文飞,施太和.含硫气井的井筒完整性设计方法[J].天然气工业,2010,30(3):67-69.ZHANG Zhi,ZHOU Yanjun,FU Jianhong,CHEN Ming,LI Wenfei,SHI Taihe.A method of well integrity design for sour gas wells[J].Natural Gas Industry,2010,30(3):67-69.
[10]胡顺渠,陈琛,史雪枝,熊昕东,蒋龙军.川西高温高压气井井筒完整性优化设计及应用[J].海洋石油,2011,31(2):82-85.HU Shunqu,CHEN Chen,SHI Xuezhi,XIONG Xindong,JIANG Longjun.Optimal design of well integrity and its application in HPHT gas well in western region of Sichuan[J].Offshore Oil,2011,31(2):82-85.
[11]李炎军,张万栋,杨仲涵,张超,李文拓.东方13-1高温高压气田全寿命多级屏障井筒完整性设计[J].石油钻采工艺,2016,38(6):776-781.LI Yanjun,ZHANG Wandong,YANG Zhonghan,ZHANG Chao,LI Wentuo.Design of life-cycle multibarrier wellbore integrity in Dongfang 13-1 HTHP Gas Field[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2016,38(6):776-781.
[12]张绍槐.井筒完整性的定义、功能、应用及进展[J].石油钻采工艺,2018,40(1):1-8,13.ZHANG Shaohuai.Definition,function,application and progress of wellbore integrity[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2018,40(1):1-8,13.
[13]张绍槐.钻井作业应用井筒完整性标准[J].石油钻采工艺,2018,40(2):147-156.ZHANG Shaohuai.Standard on wellbore integrity in drilling operation[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2018,40(2):147-156.
[14]张绍槐.完井作业应用井筒完整性标准[J].石油钻采工艺,2018,40(3):275-286.ZHANG Shaohuai.The wellbore integrity standard applied in completion operation[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2018,40(3):275-286.
[15]张绍槐.石油钻井完井文集[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2017.ZHANG Shaohuai.Symposium on oil well drilling and completion[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2017.