利用扫描电镜法统计颗粒粒径分布的最小样本量
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摘要
对于微量沉积物,利用扫描电镜获得的颗粒图像统计粒度参数是一条有效的途径,但需要解决被统计颗粒的最小样本量这一基本问题。使用北京市区降尘、中国北方的淡黑钙土和栗钙土3种微量样品,利用S-4800型扫描电镜获得的图片,对颗粒平均粒径、标准差和标准误,以及偏度和峰态等粒度参数进行了统计分析,旨在确定不同平均粒径的微量样品的最小统计样本量。结果表明:对于平均粒径约25μm的降尘样品,最小样本量为800;平均粒径100μm的淡黑钙土,最小样本量为1 100;平均粒径约180μm的栗钙土,最小样本量为1 200。
It is an effective way for micro-samples of sediments to derive the grain size parameters by suing field emission scanning electron microscope(FESEM),but the key issue of the minimum sample size needs to be solved.The three micro-samples were used,which were dustfall collected in Beijing,light chernozem soil and chestnut soil collected in the northern China respectively;besides,the parameters of mean particle size,standard deviation and standard error,skewness and kurtosis were used as a basis for evaluation.The aim of this study was to use particle images obtained by FESEM to determine the minimum sample size of different mean particle size of micro-samples.The results showed that the minimum sample size of the dustfall with the mean particle size about 25μm was 800 particles,the minimum sample size of the light chernozem with the mean particle size about 100μm was 1 100 particles,and the minimum sample size of the chestnut with the mean particle size about 180μm was 1 200 particles.
It is an effective way for micro-samples of sediments to derive the grain size parameters by suing field emission scanning electron microscope(FESEM),but the key issue of the minimum sample size needs to be solved.The three micro-samples were used,which were dustfall collected in Beijing,light chernozem soil and chestnut soil collected in the northern China respectively;besides,the parameters of mean particle size,standard deviation and standard error,skewness and kurtosis were used as a basis for evaluation.The aim of this study was to use particle images obtained by FESEM to determine the minimum sample size of different mean particle size of micro-samples.The results showed that the minimum sample size of the dustfall with the mean particle size about 25μm was 800 particles,the minimum sample size of the light chernozem with the mean particle size about 100μm was 1 100 particles,and the minimum sample size of the chestnut with the mean particle size about 180μm was 1 200 particles.
引文
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[2]舒培仙,牛东风,李保生,等.毛乌素沙地现代沙丘沙的粒度特征及其意义[J].中国沙漠,2016,36(1):158-166.
[3]沈亚萍,张春来,李庆,等.中国东部沙区表层沉积物粒度特征[J].中国沙漠,2016,36(1):150-157.
[4]吴立敏.几种常见粒度分析方法的比对研究[J].中国计量,2014(6):105-107.
[5]陈秀法,冯秀丽,刘冬雁,等.激光粒度分析与传统粒度分析方法相关对比[J].青岛海洋大学学报:自然科学版,2002,32(4):608-614.
[6]陈新闯,郭建英,董智,等.乌兰布和沙漠流动沙丘下风向降尘粒度特征[J].中国沙漠,2016,36(2):295-301.
[7]李永良.日立S-4800冷场发射扫描电镜的BSE功能[J].中国现代教育装备,2007(10):13-15.
[8]倪寿亮.粒度分析方法及应用[J].广东化工,2011,38(2):223-224,227.
[9]李祥羽.玉米新品种DUS测试中数量性状的适宜样本容量研究[J].中国农学通报,2009,25(8):150-153.
[10]金文林,张爱武.几种作物田间试验样本平均数估测的样本容量研究[J].北京农学院学报,1993,8(2):32-40.
[11]徐海,惠刚盈,胡艳波,等.天然红松阔叶林林木分布格局研究的最小样本量[J].林业科学研究,2007,20(2):160-164.
[12]梁海丽,黄其林,徐世清,等.家蚕蛾区茧质调查最适样本容量的研究[J].中国蚕业,2008(4):21-23.
[13]唐丽,董玉祥.华南海岸现代风成沙与海滩沙的粒度特征差异[J].中国沙漠,2015,35(1):14-23.
[14]翁寿松.日立的场发射扫描电镜[J].电子工业专用设备,1993(1):30-33.
[15]Folk R L,Ward W C.A study in the significance of grain size parameter[J].Journal of Petrology,1957,27:3-26.
[16]Zhu B Q,Yu J J,Rioual P,et al.Particle size variation of aeolian dune deposits in the lower reaches of the Heihe River basin,China[J].Sedimentary Geology,2014,301:54-69.
[17]金秉福.粒度分析中偏度系数的影响因素及其意义[J].海洋科学,2012,36(2):129-135.