考虑风电不确定性的互联电力系统分散协调调度模型
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摘要
针对含高比例风电的直流互联电力系统经济调度问题,采用鲁棒优化方法描述风电出力,提出了一种基于目标级联分析法的分散协调调度模型。首先,采用鲁棒优化方法中的多面体集合来描述风电出力的不确定性,为了降低问题求解的保守度,引入了鲁棒保守度调节因子。然后,根据分散协调算法的分解原理将待解决的经济调度问题分解为主问题和子问题。其中,主问题为上级调度中心协调优化互联电力系统之间的直流联络线功率,子问题为下级调度中心独立优化各区域电网的发电计划。最后,通过两个算例对所提模型的有效性进行了验证。结果表明,所提方法不仅可以弥补鲁棒优化方法偏于保守的不足,而且能够在应对风电出力不确定性的同时实现风电的跨区域消纳,适合中国电网目前的分层分区调度模式。
In order to solve the economic dispatch problem of DC interconnected power system with high proportion of wind power,a robust optimization method is used to describe the wind power output.A decentralized coordinated scheduling model based on target cascade analysis is proposed.Firstly,the polytopic set of robust optimization is adopted to describe the uncertainty of wind power output.In order to reduce the conservatism of problem solving,a robust conservative adjustment factor is introduced.Then,according to the decomposition mechanism of the decentralized coordination algorithm,the economic dispatch problem is decomposed into the main problem and the subproblem.The main problem is that superior dispatch center coordinates and optimizes the DC tie line power in interconnected systems,and the subproblem is that subordinate dispatch center optimizes the generation plan of each regional power grid independently.Finally,the validity of the proposed model is verified by two examples.The results show that the proposed method not only can remedy conservative deficiencies of robust optimization method,but also can deal with the uncertainty of wind power output while achieving crossregional wind power accommodation,which is suitable for the current stratified partitioning dispatching mode of China's power grid.
In order to solve the economic dispatch problem of DC interconnected power system with high proportion of wind power,a robust optimization method is used to describe the wind power output.A decentralized coordinated scheduling model based on target cascade analysis is proposed.Firstly,the polytopic set of robust optimization is adopted to describe the uncertainty of wind power output.In order to reduce the conservatism of problem solving,a robust conservative adjustment factor is introduced.Then,according to the decomposition mechanism of the decentralized coordination algorithm,the economic dispatch problem is decomposed into the main problem and the subproblem.The main problem is that superior dispatch center coordinates and optimizes the DC tie line power in interconnected systems,and the subproblem is that subordinate dispatch center optimizes the generation plan of each regional power grid independently.Finally,the validity of the proposed model is verified by two examples.The results show that the proposed method not only can remedy conservative deficiencies of robust optimization method,but also can deal with the uncertainty of wind power output while achieving crossregional wind power accommodation,which is suitable for the current stratified partitioning dispatching mode of China's power grid.
引文
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[19]王兴,宋永华,卢强.多区域输电阻塞管理的拉格朗日松弛分解算法[J].电力系统自动化,2002,26(13):8-13.WANG Xing,SONG Yonghua,LU Qiang.Lagrangian relaxation based multi-region transmission congestion management[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2002,26(13):8-13.
[20]AHMADI-KHATIR A,CONEJO A J,CHERKAOUI R.Multi-area energy and reserve dispatch under wind uncertainty and equipment failures[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2013,28(4):4373-4383.
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[22]WOLSEY L.Integer programming[M].New York,USA:Wiley Inter-Science,1998.
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[24]ONGSAKUL W,PETCHARAKS N.Unit commitment by enhanced adaptive Lagrangian relaxation[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2004,19(1):620-628.
[2]王功臣,邓长虹,夏沛,等.考虑机组优化选取的含风电电网滚动优化调度方法[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(11):55-60.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160922005.WANG Gongchen,DENG Changhong,XIA Pei,et al.Rolling optimization dispatching method of power grid containing wind power with units optimal selection taken into account[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(11):55-60.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160922005.
[3]王豹,徐箭,孙元章,等.基于通用分布的含风电电力系统随机动态经济调度[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(6):17-24.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20150807004.WANG Bao,XU Jian,SUN Yuanzhang,et al.Stochastic dynamic economic dispatch of power systems considering wind power based on versatile probability distribution[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(6):17-24.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20150807004.
[4]姚力,黄镔,王秀丽,等.考虑风火联合外送的互联系统随机生产模拟[J].电网技术,2015,39(5):1219-1225.YAO Li,HUANG Bin,WANG Xiuli,et al.Probabilistic production simulation of interconnected system by considering the joint delivery of wind power and thermal power generation[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(5):1219-1225.
[5]牛东晓,李建锋,魏林君,等.跨区电网中风电消纳影响因素分析及综合评估方法研究[J].电网技术,2016,40(4):1087-1093.NIU Dongxiao,LI Jianfeng,WEI Linjun,et al.Study on technical factors analysis and overall evaluation method regarding wind power integration in trans-provincial power grid[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(4):1087-1093.
[6]ZHAO Jinye,ZHENG Tongxin,LITVINOV E.Variable resource dispatch through do-not-exceed limit[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2015,30(2):820-828.
[7]包宇庆,王蓓蓓,李扬,等.考虑大规模风电接入并计及多时间尺度需求响应资源协调优化的滚动调度模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(17):4589-4600.BAO Yuqing,WANG Beibei,LI Yang,et al.Rolling dispatch model considering wind penetration and multi-scale demand response resources[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(17):4589-4600.
[8]于丹文,杨明,韩学山,等.计及风电概率分布特征的鲁棒实时调度方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(3):727-738.YU Danwen,YANG Ming,HAN Xueshan,et al.Robust realtime dispatch considering probabilistic distribution of wind generation[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(3):727-738.
[9]魏韡,刘锋,梅生伟.电力系统鲁棒经济调度:(一)理论基础[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(17):37-43.WEI Wei,LIU Feng,MEI Shengwei.Robust and economical scheduling methodology for power systems:Part one theoretical foundations[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(17):37-43.
[10]朱涛,朱建全,刘明波,等.含风电场电力系统的动态经济调度分散随机优化方法[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(11):48-54.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20161103006.ZHU Tao,ZHU Jianquan,LIU Mingbo,et al.Decentralized stochastic optimization method for dynamic economic dispatch of power system with wind farms[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(11):48-54.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20161103006.
[11]BAKIRTZIS A G,BISKAS P N.A decentralized solution to the DC-OPF of interconnected power systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2003,18(3):1007-1013.
[12]JIANG Q,ZHOU B,ZHANG M.Parallel augment Lagrangian relaxation method for transient stability constrained unit commitment[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2013,28(2):1140-1148.
[13]AHMADI-KHATIR A,CONEJO A J,CHERKAOUI R.Multi-area unit scheduling and reserve allocation under wind power uncertainty[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2014,29(4):1701-1710.
[14]赵文猛,刘明波.多区域电力系统分散式动态经济调度的割平面一致性算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(21):5806-5815.ZHAO Wenmeng,LIU Mingbo.Cutting plane consensus algorithm for decentralized dynamic economic dispatch in multiarea power systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(21):5806-5815.
[15]欧阳聪,刘明波,林舜江,等.采用同步型交替方向乘子法的微电网分散式动态经济调度算法[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(5):134-142.OUYANG Cong,LIU Mingbo,LIN Shunjiang,et al.Decentralized dynamic economic dispatch algorithm of microgrids using synchronous alternating direction method of multipliers[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(5):134-142.
[16]TOSSERAMS S,ETMAN L F P,PAPALAMBROS P Y,et al.An augmented Lagrangian relaxation for analytical target cascading using the alternating direction method of multipliers[J].Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization,2006,31(3):176-189.
[17]文云峰,郭创新,郭剑波,等.多区互联电力系统的分散协调风险调度方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(14):3724-3733.WEN Yunfeng,GUO Chuangxin,GUO Jianbo,et al.Coordinated decentralized risk-based dispatch of multi-area interconnected power systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(14):3724-3733.
[18]周明,翟俊义,任建文,等.含风电并网的直流互联电网分散协调调度方法[J].电网技术,2017,41(5):1428-1434.ZHOU Ming,ZHAI Junyi,REN Jianwen,et al.A decentralized coordinated dispatch approach for interconnected power grid with wind power via HVDC tie-line[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(5):1428-1434.
[19]王兴,宋永华,卢强.多区域输电阻塞管理的拉格朗日松弛分解算法[J].电力系统自动化,2002,26(13):8-13.WANG Xing,SONG Yonghua,LU Qiang.Lagrangian relaxation based multi-region transmission congestion management[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2002,26(13):8-13.
[20]AHMADI-KHATIR A,CONEJO A J,CHERKAOUI R.Multi-area energy and reserve dispatch under wind uncertainty and equipment failures[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2013,28(4):4373-4383.
[21]BERTSIMAS D,SIM M.The price of robustness[J].Operations Research,2004,52(1):35-53.
[22]WOLSEY L.Integer programming[M].New York,USA:Wiley Inter-Science,1998.
[23]KARGARIAN A,FU Y,LI Y.Distributed securityconstrained unit commitment for large-scale power systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2015,30(4):1925-1936.
[24]ONGSAKUL W,PETCHARAKS N.Unit commitment by enhanced adaptive Lagrangian relaxation[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2004,19(1):620-628.