螺栓连接鼓筒转子结构动力学特性分析
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摘要
以螺栓连接鼓筒转子为研究对象,基于有限元软件,首先建立了减缩梁-壳-弹簧混合单元模型;其次通过仿真与实验的固有特性对比验证了减缩模型的准确性;最后分析了螺栓个数、螺栓松动、系统转速对螺栓连接鼓筒转子结构结合面的时变刚度和系统的响应特性的影响规律。研究结果表明:螺栓个数、螺栓松动与系统转速对连接结构的时变刚度和响应特性均有一定的影响,随着螺栓个数的增多,结合面连接刚度不断增大,系统的非线性特性不断减弱;螺栓松动导致连接刚度发生较大波动,并且随着松动个数的增多,系统非线性不断增强;随着系统转速的增大,螺栓连接时变刚度增大,但转速越高其刚度波动越大,导致系统非线性增强。
In this paper,a reduced beam-shell-spring mixed element model is established,and the natural characteristic of the system is analyzed based on the model.The accuracy of the model is verified by comparing the results with the experimental test results.Finally,the influence of the bolt number,the bolt looseness and the system speed on the time-varying stiffness and response characteristics of the bolted drum rotor structure are discussed.The results show that the number of bolt,the loosening of the bolt and the speed of the system have certain influences on the time varying stiffness and response characteristics of rotor system with bolt joints.With the increase of the number of bolts,the stiffness of the bolt connection will increase and the nonlinear characteristics of the system will be weak.The loosening of the bolt leads to the larger fluctuation of the connection stiffness,and as the number of loosened bolt increases,the nonlinearity of the system will increase.The stiffness of the bolt connection increases with the increase of the speed of the system,but the higher the speed is,the greater the fluctuation of the stiffness of the system will be,which will lead to the enhancement of nonlinear characteristics of the system.
In this paper,a reduced beam-shell-spring mixed element model is established,and the natural characteristic of the system is analyzed based on the model.The accuracy of the model is verified by comparing the results with the experimental test results.Finally,the influence of the bolt number,the bolt looseness and the system speed on the time-varying stiffness and response characteristics of the bolted drum rotor structure are discussed.The results show that the number of bolt,the loosening of the bolt and the speed of the system have certain influences on the time varying stiffness and response characteristics of rotor system with bolt joints.With the increase of the number of bolts,the stiffness of the bolt connection will increase and the nonlinear characteristics of the system will be weak.The loosening of the bolt leads to the larger fluctuation of the connection stiffness,and as the number of loosened bolt increases,the nonlinearity of the system will increase.The stiffness of the bolt connection increases with the increase of the speed of the system,but the higher the speed is,the greater the fluctuation of the stiffness of the system will be,which will lead to the enhancement of nonlinear characteristics of the system.
引文
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[15] Qin Z Y,Han Q K,Chu F L.Bolt loosening at rotating joint interface and its influence on rotor dynamics[J].Engineering Failure Analysis,2016,59:456-466.
[16]刘存.航空发动机转子连接螺栓预紧力与疲劳寿命研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2009.Liu Cun.Research on preload and fatigue life of connecting bolts in aeroengine rotors[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2009.
[17] Herting D N.A general purpose,multi-stage,component modal synthesis method[J].Finite Elements in Analysis and Design,1985,1(2):153-164.
[2] Liu S,Ma Y,Zhang D,et al.Studies on dynamic characteristics of the joint in the aero-engine rotor system[J].Mechanical Systems&Signal Processing,2012,29(5):120-136.
[3] Montgomery J.Methods for modeling bolts in the bolted joint[C].ANSYS User’s Conference,Orlando,Florida,2002.
[4] Kim J,Yoon J C,Kang B S.Finite element analysis and modeling of structure with bolted joints[J].Applied Mathematical Modelling,2007,31(5):895-911.
[5]赵丹,艾延廷,翟学,等.盘-盘螺栓连接结构模态频率分析[J].航空发动机,2012,38(5):55-57.Zhao Dan,Ai Yanting,Zhai Xue,et al.Analysis of modal frequencies for bolted plate-plate structure[J].Aeroengine,2012,38(5):55-57.
[6] Zhai X,Zhai Q G,Wang J J,et al.Research on parameterized modeling technology for the bolted joints structure[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials,2014,565:211-216.
[7]马双超.航空发动机机匣模型确认与动力学特性研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2012.Ma Shuangchao.Structure dynamic analysis and model validation of aero-engine casings[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2012.
[8]邱吉宝.计算结构动力学[M].合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,2009.Qiu Jibao.Computational Structural Dynamics[M].Hefei:Press of University of Science and Technology of China,2009.
[9]左彦飞,王建军,马威猛.3-D有限元转子模型减缩的旋转子结构法[J].航空动力学报,2014,29(4):894-900.Zuo Yanfei,Wang Jianjun,Ma Weimeng.Rotationg substructure method for 3-D finite element rotor model reduction[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2014,29(4):894-900.
[10]左彦飞,王建军.3-D有限元转子系统动力减缩的部件模态综合方法及应用[J].航空动力学报,2016,31(8):1929-1934.Zuo Yanfei,Wang Jianjun.Component mode synthesis for dynamic reduction of 3-D finite element rotor system and its application[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2016,31(8):1929-1934.
[11]孙传宗,陈予恕,侯磊.复杂结构双转子系统的建模及模型缩减[J].航空动力学报,2017,32(7):1747-1753.Sun Chuanzong,Chen Yushu,Hou Lei. Modeling method and reduction of dual-rotor system with complicated structures[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2017,32(7):1747-1753.
[12] Qin Z Y,Han Q K,Chu F L.Analytical model of bolted disk-drum joints and its application to dynamic analysis of jointed rotor[J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part C:Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science,2014,228(4):646-663.
[13] Klompas N.Effects of anomalous rotor joints on turbomachine dynamics[J].Journal of Engineering for Power,1983,105(4):927-934.
[14] Mat Isa A A,Penny J E T,Garvey S D.Dynamics of bolted and laminated rotors[C].Proceedings of the International Modal Analysis Conference,San Antonio,Texas,2000,1:867-872.
[15] Qin Z Y,Han Q K,Chu F L.Bolt loosening at rotating joint interface and its influence on rotor dynamics[J].Engineering Failure Analysis,2016,59:456-466.
[16]刘存.航空发动机转子连接螺栓预紧力与疲劳寿命研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2009.Liu Cun.Research on preload and fatigue life of connecting bolts in aeroengine rotors[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2009.
[17] Herting D N.A general purpose,multi-stage,component modal synthesis method[J].Finite Elements in Analysis and Design,1985,1(2):153-164.