基于专家系统的网络化动车组运用计划的编制
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摘要
针对网络化运行条件下动车组运用存在多线路、多运行线、多动车组、多动车段、多修制修程等复杂情况,设计1种更直观表现网络化运行条件下的"网络化动车组运用计划图"。以检修作业包的里程和时间、动车段(动车运用所)检修能力、最小接续时间等为约束条件,构建以动车组使用数目最少为最优目标、检修次数最少为次优目标的动车组运用双目标规划优化模型;将编制动车组运用计划的经验加入专家系统,并通过设计基于专家系统指导的最大最小蚁群算法求解模型。以京沪、沪杭、宁杭、京津、沪宁、胶济线上共计432条列车运行线为例,求解动车组运用计划。结果表明:与仅用蚁群算法相比,该算法在一定程度上减少了动车组的使用数量。
According to the complex situations of EMU operation on network,such as more lines,more operation lines,more EMUs,more EMU depots as well as more repair systems and cycles,we propose a network EMU scheduling diagram,which is clearer to display the information of EMU scheduling in network circumstance.Then a bi-objective programming optimization model for EMU operation is established with the regular running mileage and time of maintenance operation package,the repair capacity of EMU depot(EMU running shed)and the minimum connecting time as its constraints,with the minimum number of EMUs as its optimal target and with the least repair times as its suboptimal target.The experience for making EMU scheduling is added to expert system.The Max-Min Ant System(MMAS)directed by Expert System is proposed to solve the model.Based on 432 train operation lines,we solve an EMU scheduling of a network composed of Beijing-Shanghai,Shanghai-Hangzhou,Nanjing-Hangzhou,BeijingTianjin,Shanghai-Nanjing and Jinan-Qingdao lines.Results show that the solution has reduced the number of EMUs to a certain extent compared to the result by using ant colony optimization alone.
According to the complex situations of EMU operation on network,such as more lines,more operation lines,more EMUs,more EMU depots as well as more repair systems and cycles,we propose a network EMU scheduling diagram,which is clearer to display the information of EMU scheduling in network circumstance.Then a bi-objective programming optimization model for EMU operation is established with the regular running mileage and time of maintenance operation package,the repair capacity of EMU depot(EMU running shed)and the minimum connecting time as its constraints,with the minimum number of EMUs as its optimal target and with the least repair times as its suboptimal target.The experience for making EMU scheduling is added to expert system.The Max-Min Ant System(MMAS)directed by Expert System is proposed to solve the model.Based on 432 train operation lines,we solve an EMU scheduling of a network composed of Beijing-Shanghai,Shanghai-Hangzhou,Nanjing-Hangzhou,BeijingTianjin,Shanghai-Nanjing and Jinan-Qingdao lines.Results show that the solution has reduced the number of EMUs to a certain extent compared to the result by using ant colony optimization alone.
引文
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[11]史峰,周文梁,郁宇卫,等.客运专线动车组运用计划优化模型与算法[J].铁道学报,2011,33(1):8-13.(SHI Feng,ZHOU Wenliang,YU Yuwei,et al.Optimized Model and Algorithm of Motor Train-Sets Scheduling for Dedicated Passenger Lines[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2011,33(1):8-13.in Chinese)
[12]史峰,魏堂建,周文梁,等.考虑动车组周转和到发线运用的高速铁路列车运行图优化方法[J].中国铁道科学,2012,33(2):107-114.(SHI Feng,WEI Tangjian,ZHOU Wenliang,et al.Optimization Method for Train Diagram of High-Speed Railway Considering the Turnover of Multiple Units and the Utilization of Arrival-Departure Tracks[J].China Railway Science,2012,33(2):107-114.in Chinese)
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[14]李华,韩宝明,张琦,等.动车组交路计划优化模型与算法研究[J].铁道学报,2013,35(3):1-8.(LI Hua,HAN Baoming,ZHANG Qi,et al.Research on Optimization Model and Algorithm of EMU Circulation Plan[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2013,35(3):1-8.in Chinese)
[15]张才春.成网条件下客运专线动车组运用的研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2010.(ZHANG Caichun.Study on the Train Units Operation Problems of Passenger Dedicated Rail Network[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2010.in Chinese)
[16]郑锂,宋瑞,肖赟,等.网络化运营下城市轨道交通列车车底运用计划编制的优化方法[J].中国铁道科学,2014,35(2):104-110.(ZHENG Li,SONG Rui,XIAO Yun,et al.Optimization Method for Working out Vehicle Scheduling Plan of Urban Rail Transit under Network Operation[J].China Railway Science,2014,35(2):104-110.in Chinese)
[17]李焱.应用软件工程和专家系统的列控中心仿真研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2012.(LI Yan.Simulation of Train Control Center Applying Software Engineering and Expert System[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2012.in Chinese)
[18]中国铁路总公司.TG/CL 127—2013铁路动车组运用维修规程[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2013.
[19]梁旭,黄明.现代智能优化混合算法及其应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2011.
[20]赵玉新,Xin-She Yang,刘利强.新兴元启发式优化方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2013.
[21]焦风川,王斌杰.动车组运用与维修[M].北京:北京交通大学出版社,2012.
[22]王连森,连苏宁.动车组维护与检修[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,2010.
[23]李华,韩宝明,赵鹏.面向我国铁路实际的动车组运用计划编制问题[J].北京交通大学学报,2012,36(6):8-14.(LI Hua,HAN Baoming,ZHAO Peng.Train-Set Scheduling Problem Geared to Practical Production Process of Railway in China[J].Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University,2012,36(6):8-14.in Chinese)
[24]张惟皎,史天运,陈彦.动车运用所存车线运用方案优化模型与算法[J].中国铁道科学,2013,34(1):121-125.(ZHANG Weijiao,SHI Tianyun,CHEN Yan.Optimization Model and Algorithm for the Operation Plan of the Stabling Track at EMU Running Shed[J].China Railway Science,2013,34(1):121-125.in Chinese)
[2]PIETER-JAN Fioole,LEO Kroon,GABOR Maroti,et al.A Rolling Stock Circulation Model for Combining and Splitting of Passenger Trains[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2006,174:1281-1297.
[3]MARC Peeters,LEO Kroon.Circulation of Railway Rolling Stock:a Brach-and-Price Approach[J].Computers&Operations Research,2008,35:538-556.
[4]ERWIN Abbink,BIANCA van den Berg,LEO Kroon,et al.Allocation of Railway Rolling Stock for Passenger Trains[J].Transportation Science,2004,38(1):33-41.
[5]TOMOSHI Otsuki,HIDEYUKI Aisu,TOSHIAKI Tanaka.A Search-Based Approach to Railway Rolling Stock Allocation Problems[J].Discrete Math Algorithm,2011(3):443-456.
[6]ARIANNA Alfieri,RUTGER Groot,LEO Kroon,et al.Efficient Circulation of Railway Rolling Stock[J].Transportation Science,2006,40(3):378-391.
[7]王莹,刘军,苗建瑞.基于列生成算法的动车组检修计划优化[J].中国铁道科学,2010,31(2):115-120.(WANG Ying,LIU Jun,MIAO Jianrui.Column Generation Algorithms Based Optimization Method for Maintenance Scheduling of Multiple Units[J].China Railway Science,2010,31(2):115-120.in Chinese)
[8]王莹,刘军,苗建瑞.基于运行线可调的动车组周转计划优化研究[J].中国铁道科学,2012,33(4):112-119.(WANG Ying,LIU Jun,MIAO Jianrui.Optimization of the Circulation Plan for Multiple Units Based on Adjustable Train Path[J].China Railway Science,2012,33(4):112-119.in Chinese)
[9]赵鹏,富井规雄.基于路段交换的多基地动车组运用计划的编制算法[J].铁道学报,2004,26(1):7-11.(ZHAO Peng,TOMII Norio.An Algorithm for Multiple-Bases Train-Set Scheduling Based on Path-Exchange[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2004,26(1):7-11.in Chinese)
[10]王忠凯,史天运,张惟皎,等.动车组运用计划和检修计划一体化编制模型及算法[J].中国铁道科学,2012,33(3):102-108.(WANG Zhongkai,SHI Tianyun,ZHANG Weijiao,et al.Model and Algorithm for the Integrative Scheduling of EMU Utilization Plan and Maintenance Plan[J].China Railway Science,2012,33(3):102-108.in Chinese)
[11]史峰,周文梁,郁宇卫,等.客运专线动车组运用计划优化模型与算法[J].铁道学报,2011,33(1):8-13.(SHI Feng,ZHOU Wenliang,YU Yuwei,et al.Optimized Model and Algorithm of Motor Train-Sets Scheduling for Dedicated Passenger Lines[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2011,33(1):8-13.in Chinese)
[12]史峰,魏堂建,周文梁,等.考虑动车组周转和到发线运用的高速铁路列车运行图优化方法[J].中国铁道科学,2012,33(2):107-114.(SHI Feng,WEI Tangjian,ZHOU Wenliang,et al.Optimization Method for Train Diagram of High-Speed Railway Considering the Turnover of Multiple Units and the Utilization of Arrival-Departure Tracks[J].China Railway Science,2012,33(2):107-114.in Chinese)
[13]林柏梁,陈雷,孙卿,等.动车组二级检修计划优化模型[J/OL].中国科技论文在线,http://www.paper.edu.cn/html/releasepaper/2013/12/470/.(LIN Boliang,CHEN Lei,SUN Qing,et al.Study on Optimization Model of EMU Grade 2 Maintenance Plan[J/OL].Science Paper Online,http://www.paper.edu.cn/html/releasepaper/2013/12/470/.in Chinese)
[14]李华,韩宝明,张琦,等.动车组交路计划优化模型与算法研究[J].铁道学报,2013,35(3):1-8.(LI Hua,HAN Baoming,ZHANG Qi,et al.Research on Optimization Model and Algorithm of EMU Circulation Plan[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2013,35(3):1-8.in Chinese)
[15]张才春.成网条件下客运专线动车组运用的研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2010.(ZHANG Caichun.Study on the Train Units Operation Problems of Passenger Dedicated Rail Network[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2010.in Chinese)
[16]郑锂,宋瑞,肖赟,等.网络化运营下城市轨道交通列车车底运用计划编制的优化方法[J].中国铁道科学,2014,35(2):104-110.(ZHENG Li,SONG Rui,XIAO Yun,et al.Optimization Method for Working out Vehicle Scheduling Plan of Urban Rail Transit under Network Operation[J].China Railway Science,2014,35(2):104-110.in Chinese)
[17]李焱.应用软件工程和专家系统的列控中心仿真研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2012.(LI Yan.Simulation of Train Control Center Applying Software Engineering and Expert System[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2012.in Chinese)
[18]中国铁路总公司.TG/CL 127—2013铁路动车组运用维修规程[S].北京:中国铁道出版社,2013.
[19]梁旭,黄明.现代智能优化混合算法及其应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2011.
[20]赵玉新,Xin-She Yang,刘利强.新兴元启发式优化方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2013.
[21]焦风川,王斌杰.动车组运用与维修[M].北京:北京交通大学出版社,2012.
[22]王连森,连苏宁.动车组维护与检修[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,2010.
[23]李华,韩宝明,赵鹏.面向我国铁路实际的动车组运用计划编制问题[J].北京交通大学学报,2012,36(6):8-14.(LI Hua,HAN Baoming,ZHAO Peng.Train-Set Scheduling Problem Geared to Practical Production Process of Railway in China[J].Journal of Beijing Jiaotong University,2012,36(6):8-14.in Chinese)
[24]张惟皎,史天运,陈彦.动车运用所存车线运用方案优化模型与算法[J].中国铁道科学,2013,34(1):121-125.(ZHANG Weijiao,SHI Tianyun,CHEN Yan.Optimization Model and Algorithm for the Operation Plan of the Stabling Track at EMU Running Shed[J].China Railway Science,2013,34(1):121-125.in Chinese)