服务贸易自由化是否影响中国制成品出口复杂度
|
摘要
以1983—2012年为样本期间,借鉴Hausmann等的方法测算中国制成品出口技术复杂度,并以服务业FDI产业渗透率和服务贸易进口渗透率作为服务贸易自由化替代变量,就服务贸易自由化对制成品出口技术复杂度影响效应进行计量检验。结果表明,在有效控制制造业FDI、融入产品内国际分工程度、基础设施、制造业行业研发投入、制造业行业人力资本以及经济发展水平等变量后,服务贸易自由化发展对提升中国制成品出口技术复杂度具有显著积极影响。据此,在目前中国服务业发展相对滞后的大背景下,在服务贸易更加自由化已经成为新一代全球贸易规则演进的重要趋势下,应通过不断扩大服务业开放,推进服务贸易自由化改革,抓住全球服务贸易发展的重要契机,以"借力"外部优质资源,加快提升中国制成品出口技术复杂度,从而成功突围全球价值链锁定。
Draw ing Haussmann et al method of calculation of technical complexity,and import penetration of trade in services and FDI in services industry penetration as the alternative variables of liberalization of trade in services,empirical analysis is carried out to test our expectation covering period from 1983 to 2012. Empirical results show that,after the effective control of manufacturing FDI,the degree of integration of the products in the international division of labor,infrastructure,manufacturing industry,R&D,manufacturing industry and the level of human capital variables such as economic development,liberalization of trade in services to enhance our system finished export of "quality "has a significant positive impact.Accordingly,as the current development of China's service sector is lagging behind in the background,the liberalization of trade in services has become an important trend in the evolution of a new generation of global trade rules,the services sector continues to expand by opening should promote liberalization of trade in services,to grasp important opportunity to live in a global service trade development,to "leveraging "external quality resources,to accelerate the upgrading of the quality level of manufactured exports,so as to break through the lock of the global value chain successfully.
Draw ing Haussmann et al method of calculation of technical complexity,and import penetration of trade in services and FDI in services industry penetration as the alternative variables of liberalization of trade in services,empirical analysis is carried out to test our expectation covering period from 1983 to 2012. Empirical results show that,after the effective control of manufacturing FDI,the degree of integration of the products in the international division of labor,infrastructure,manufacturing industry,R&D,manufacturing industry and the level of human capital variables such as economic development,liberalization of trade in services to enhance our system finished export of "quality "has a significant positive impact.Accordingly,as the current development of China's service sector is lagging behind in the background,the liberalization of trade in services has become an important trend in the evolution of a new generation of global trade rules,the services sector continues to expand by opening should promote liberalization of trade in services,to grasp important opportunity to live in a global service trade development,to "leveraging "external quality resources,to accelerate the upgrading of the quality level of manufactured exports,so as to break through the lock of the global value chain successfully.
引文
杜修立,王维国.2007.中国出口贸易的技术结构及其变迁:1980-2003[J].经济研究(7):137-151.
金碚,李鹏飞,廖建辉.2013.中国产业国际竞争力现状及演变趋势:基于出口商品的分析[J].中国工业经济(5):3-16.
蒙英华,尹翔硕.2010.生产者服务贸易与中国制造业效率提升[J].世界经济研究(7):38-44.
孟祺.2013.中国出口产品国内技术含量的影响因素研究[J].科研管理(1):63-71.
尚涛,陶蕴芳.2009.中国生产性服务贸易开放与制造业国际竞争力关系[J].世界经济研究(5):52-58.
王永进,盛丹,施炳展,等.2010.基础设施如何提升了出口技术复杂度[J].经济研究(7):103-115.
伍华佳,张莹颖.2009.中国服务贸易对产业结构升级中介效应的实证检验[J].上海经济研究(3):20-27.
姚洋,张晔.2008.中国出口品国内技术含量升级的动态研究[J].中国社会科学(2):1-17.
余淼杰.2010.中国的贸易自由化与制造业企业生产率[J].经济研究(12):97-110.
ARNOLD J M,BEATA J,MOLLY M.2011.Services reform and manufacturing performance:evidence from India[R].World Bank PolicyResearch Working Paper No.5948.
BAIER S L,BERGSTRAND J H.2001.The growth of world trade:tariffs,transport costs and income similarity[J].Journal of InternationalEconomics,53(6):59-71.
DU J L.2011.Do domestic and foreign exporters differ in learning by exporting?Evidence from China[R].Paper for CEDR-HSE 4th Joint Conference.
HAUSMANN R,HUANG Y,RODRIK D.2007.What you export matters[R].NBER Working Paper,No.11905.
HAUSMANN R,RODRIK D.2003.Economic development as self-discovery[J].Journal of Development Economics,72(2):603-633.
HOEKMAN B.2006.Trade in services,trade agreements and economic development:a survey of the literature[R].CEPR Discussion Pa-per,No.5760.
LANGHAMMER R J.2006.Service trade liberalization as a handmaiden of competitiveness in manufacturing[R].Kiel Working Paper,No.1293.
LEMOINE F,NAL D.2008.Rise of China and India in international trade:from textiles to new technology[J].China&World Economy,16(5):31-48.
LENNON S.2007.Information components of apparel retail websites:task relevance approach[J].Journal of Fashion Marketing and Man-agement,11(4):494-510.
MORAN T H.2011.Foreign manufacturing multinationals and the transformation of the Chinese economy:new measurements,new perspec-tives[R].Peterson Institute for International Economics Working Paper Series WP11-11.
RAFF H,RUHR M.2007.Foreign direct investment in producer services:theory and empirical evidence[J].Applied Economics Quarter-ly,53(3):299-321.
ROBINSON S,WANG Z,MARIN W.2002.Capturing the implications of services trade liberalization[J].Economic Systems Research,14(1):3-33.
SCHOTT P.2007.The relative sophistication of Chinese exports[J].Economic Policy,23(53):5-49.
SEGERSTORM,PAUL S.2000.The long-run growth effects of R&D subsidies[J].Journal of Economic Growth,5(3):277-305.
WANG Z,WEI S J.2008.What accounts for the rising sophistication of China's exports[R].NBER Working Paper,No.13771.
XU B.2010.The sophistication of exports:is China special[J].China Economic Review,21(3):482-493.
金碚,李鹏飞,廖建辉.2013.中国产业国际竞争力现状及演变趋势:基于出口商品的分析[J].中国工业经济(5):3-16.
蒙英华,尹翔硕.2010.生产者服务贸易与中国制造业效率提升[J].世界经济研究(7):38-44.
孟祺.2013.中国出口产品国内技术含量的影响因素研究[J].科研管理(1):63-71.
尚涛,陶蕴芳.2009.中国生产性服务贸易开放与制造业国际竞争力关系[J].世界经济研究(5):52-58.
王永进,盛丹,施炳展,等.2010.基础设施如何提升了出口技术复杂度[J].经济研究(7):103-115.
伍华佳,张莹颖.2009.中国服务贸易对产业结构升级中介效应的实证检验[J].上海经济研究(3):20-27.
姚洋,张晔.2008.中国出口品国内技术含量升级的动态研究[J].中国社会科学(2):1-17.
余淼杰.2010.中国的贸易自由化与制造业企业生产率[J].经济研究(12):97-110.
ARNOLD J M,BEATA J,MOLLY M.2011.Services reform and manufacturing performance:evidence from India[R].World Bank PolicyResearch Working Paper No.5948.
BAIER S L,BERGSTRAND J H.2001.The growth of world trade:tariffs,transport costs and income similarity[J].Journal of InternationalEconomics,53(6):59-71.
DU J L.2011.Do domestic and foreign exporters differ in learning by exporting?Evidence from China[R].Paper for CEDR-HSE 4th Joint Conference.
HAUSMANN R,HUANG Y,RODRIK D.2007.What you export matters[R].NBER Working Paper,No.11905.
HAUSMANN R,RODRIK D.2003.Economic development as self-discovery[J].Journal of Development Economics,72(2):603-633.
HOEKMAN B.2006.Trade in services,trade agreements and economic development:a survey of the literature[R].CEPR Discussion Pa-per,No.5760.
LANGHAMMER R J.2006.Service trade liberalization as a handmaiden of competitiveness in manufacturing[R].Kiel Working Paper,No.1293.
LEMOINE F,NAL D.2008.Rise of China and India in international trade:from textiles to new technology[J].China&World Economy,16(5):31-48.
LENNON S.2007.Information components of apparel retail websites:task relevance approach[J].Journal of Fashion Marketing and Man-agement,11(4):494-510.
MORAN T H.2011.Foreign manufacturing multinationals and the transformation of the Chinese economy:new measurements,new perspec-tives[R].Peterson Institute for International Economics Working Paper Series WP11-11.
RAFF H,RUHR M.2007.Foreign direct investment in producer services:theory and empirical evidence[J].Applied Economics Quarter-ly,53(3):299-321.
ROBINSON S,WANG Z,MARIN W.2002.Capturing the implications of services trade liberalization[J].Economic Systems Research,14(1):3-33.
SCHOTT P.2007.The relative sophistication of Chinese exports[J].Economic Policy,23(53):5-49.
SEGERSTORM,PAUL S.2000.The long-run growth effects of R&D subsidies[J].Journal of Economic Growth,5(3):277-305.
WANG Z,WEI S J.2008.What accounts for the rising sophistication of China's exports[R].NBER Working Paper,No.13771.
XU B.2010.The sophistication of exports:is China special[J].China Economic Review,21(3):482-493.