中国农村宅基地管理的历史演变及未来改革趋势
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摘要
农村宅基地管理是中国土地管理的重要组成,关系着广大农民的居住权,是提高宅基地利用效率的重要保障。以宅基地所有权与使用权归属、经济社会发展状况、农业农村政策导向等变化特征为划分指标,系统梳理1949年以来农村宅基地管理的变迁之路,将其划分为特点鲜明的4个阶段;深入分析经济社会发展新形势下宅基地利用现状,总结宅基地管理面临的新形势;面对未来经济社会发展趋势,提出中国宅基地管理将呈现产权清晰、有偿使用、市场流转、细化可操作性强、监测预警机制健全等趋势,切实提高宅基地管理效率,增加农民的财产性收入,推动农村新业态新产业发展,实现农业农村现代化发展。
Rural homestead management is an important part of China's land management, which is related to the living rights of farmers and an important guarantee to improve the efficiency of homestead use. Based on the comprehensive consideration of the ownership and usage right of homestead, economic and social development, and agricultural and rural policy orientation, this paper systematically combed the evolution of rural homestead management since 1949, and divided it into four distinct stages. Then, the authors deeply analyzed the current situation of the utilization of homestead under the new situation of economic and social development, and summarized the new situation of homestead management. Finally, in order to better adapt to the future economic and social development trend, the authors believed that in the future, China's homestead management would show the trend of clear property rights, paid use, market circulation, refinement and operability, and sound monitoring and early warning mechanism, so as to effectively improve the efficiency of homestead management, to increase farmers' property income, to promote the development of new rural industries, and finally to realize the modernization of agriculture and rural areas.
Rural homestead management is an important part of China's land management, which is related to the living rights of farmers and an important guarantee to improve the efficiency of homestead use. Based on the comprehensive consideration of the ownership and usage right of homestead, economic and social development, and agricultural and rural policy orientation, this paper systematically combed the evolution of rural homestead management since 1949, and divided it into four distinct stages. Then, the authors deeply analyzed the current situation of the utilization of homestead under the new situation of economic and social development, and summarized the new situation of homestead management. Finally, in order to better adapt to the future economic and social development trend, the authors believed that in the future, China's homestead management would show the trend of clear property rights, paid use, market circulation, refinement and operability, and sound monitoring and early warning mechanism, so as to effectively improve the efficiency of homestead management, to increase farmers' property income, to promote the development of new rural industries, and finally to realize the modernization of agriculture and rural areas.
引文
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[2]刘圣欢,杨砚池.农村宅基地“三权分置”的权利结构与实施路径———基于大理市银桥镇农村宅基地制度改革试点[J].华中师范大学学报(人文社会科学版),2018,57(5):45-54.
[3]高波.农村宅基地使用制度改革思考[J].农业现代化研究,1990,11(6):15-17.
[4]张童.农村宅基地法律实用手册[M].北京:人民法院出版社,2017.
[5]刘卫柏,贺海波.农村宅基地流转的模式与路径研究[J].经济地理,2012(2):127-132.
[6]吕军书,豆芳芳.农村宅基地使用权抵押流转的路径选择———基于河南省新乡市190家农户的调查[J].吉首大学学报(社会科学版),2014,35(2):88-92.
[7]陈红霞,赵振宇,李俊乐.农村宅基地使用权流转实践与探索———基于宁波市的分析[J].农业现代化研究,2016,37(1):96-101.
[8]张振勇.利益博弈、同意一致性与农村宅基地制度演化[J].西北农林科技大学学报(社会科学版),2014,11(2):18-31.
[9]祁全明.我国农村闲置宅基地的现状、原因及其治理措施[J].农村经济,2015(8):21-27.
[10]张秀智,丁锐.经济欠发达与偏远农村地区宅基地退出机制分析:案例研究[J].中国农村观察,2009(6):23-30,94-95.
[11]付娆.农村宅基地:主要问题与对策建议———对四川省双流县的实证分析[J].农村经济,2008(1):12-14.
[12]贺达水,高强.农村宅基地制度改革研究[J].理论探索,2018(4):86-91.