卷烟主流烟气仿生吸收装置的研制及在卷烟感官舒适性研究中的应用
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摘要
为更客观地评价烟气对人体感官的影响,建立了模拟主流烟气暴露的仿生吸收装置,并以6种酚类物质和烟碱为对象与人实际抽吸卷烟的相关情况进行了对比,比较了烟气仿生吸收液与剑桥滤片对主流烟气中酚类及烟碱的捕集情况及与抽吸舒适性的相关性。结果表明:①通过该装置测定的主流烟气中烟碱及5种酚类化合物的释放量与志愿者口腔唾液中残留量的t检验结果显示,在95%置信概率下,两种方式的测定结果无显著性差异;②测定了8个市售卷烟样品,以酚类化合物为例,相比于剑桥滤片,仿生吸收装置中烟气仿生吸收液内酚类化合物的量仅为剑桥滤片中的0.03%～23.75%,且与人体感官生理反应的相关性更高。因此,该装置能更客观地用于烟气暴露下成分的检测表征,可为卷烟产品烟气分析提供技术支持。
To objectively evaluate the effect of cigarette smoke on sensory comfortableness, an oral bionic absorption device to simulate exposure of mainstream cigarette smoke was developed. The results from the device taking six phenols and nicotine as analytes were compared with the actual cigarette smoking by volunteers. The capture of six phenols and nicotine in mainstream cigarette smoke by the bionic smoke absorption liquid and Cambridge filters were compared and their correlations with sensory comfortableness were analyzed. The results showed that: 1) At 95% confidence level, there was no significant difference between the deliveries of nicotine and 5 phenols in mainstream cigarette smoke as determined by the bionic device and the ttest of volunteers' saliva. 2) For the 8 cigarette samples tested and using phenols as an example, the phenol contents in the smoke bionic absorption liquid of the bionic device was only 0.03%-23.75% of that captured by the Cambridge filter, and its correlation with sensory physiological reaction of human was more significant.Therefore, the bionic absorption device could analyze the chemical components in smoke exposure much objectively, which could provide technique support for cigarette smoke analysis.
To objectively evaluate the effect of cigarette smoke on sensory comfortableness, an oral bionic absorption device to simulate exposure of mainstream cigarette smoke was developed. The results from the device taking six phenols and nicotine as analytes were compared with the actual cigarette smoking by volunteers. The capture of six phenols and nicotine in mainstream cigarette smoke by the bionic smoke absorption liquid and Cambridge filters were compared and their correlations with sensory comfortableness were analyzed. The results showed that: 1) At 95% confidence level, there was no significant difference between the deliveries of nicotine and 5 phenols in mainstream cigarette smoke as determined by the bionic device and the ttest of volunteers' saliva. 2) For the 8 cigarette samples tested and using phenols as an example, the phenol contents in the smoke bionic absorption liquid of the bionic device was only 0.03%-23.75% of that captured by the Cambridge filter, and its correlation with sensory physiological reaction of human was more significant.Therefore, the bionic absorption device could analyze the chemical components in smoke exposure much objectively, which could provide technique support for cigarette smoke analysis.
引文
[1]吴永良,李燕垣,彭云铁.气相色谱-串联质谱法测定卷烟主流烟气中7种酚类化合物[J].质谱学报,2018,39(3):376-384.WU Yongliang,LI Yanyuan,PENG Yuntie.Determination of seven phenolic compounds in mainstream cigarette smoke by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry[J].Journal of Chinese Mass Spectrometry Society,2018,39(3):376-384.
[2]Mandel I D.The functions of saliva[J].Journal of Dental Research,1987,66:623-627.
[3]Salaspuro V J,Hietala J M,Marvola M L,et al.Eliminating carcinogenic acetaldehyde by cysteine from saliva during smoking[J].Cancer Epidemiology,Biomarkers&Prevention,2006,15:146-149.
[4]Kartal A,Hietala J,Laakso I,et al.Formulation and in vivo evaluation of L-cysteine chewing gums for binding carcinogenic acetaldehyde in the saliva during smoking[J].Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology,2007,59:1353-1358.
[5]Weiner D,Levy Y,Khankin E V,et al.Inhibition of salivary amylase activity by cigarette smoke aldehydes[J].Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology,2008,59:727-737.
[6]曹毅,庄亚东,朱怀远,等.卷烟主流烟气中三类挥发性物质对口腔刺激作用的分析[C].中国烟草学会2012年学术年会论文集.南京:中国烟草学会,2012:579.CAO Yi,ZHUANG Yadong,ZHU Huaiyuan,et al.The analysis of the stimulation to the oral cavity caused by three kinds of volatile compounds in cigarette mainstream smoke[C].Proceedings of the 2012 Annual Conference of China Tobacco Society.Nanjing:China Tobacco Society,2012:579.
[7]李军.主流烟气仿生吸收装置的设计开发及应用[D].长沙:湖南大学,2013.LI Jun.The development and application of a bionic mainstream smoke absorption device[D].Changsha:Hunan University,2013.
[8]程传玲,唐琦,汪文良,等.单料烤烟主流烟气中主要酚类化合物及其与感官质量相关性分析[J].郑州轻工业学院学报(自然科学版),2011,26(1):5-8.CHENG Chuanling,TANG Qi,WANG Wenliang,et al.Correlation analysis between the major phenolic compounds in flue-cured tobacco MS with smoking quality[J].Journal of Zhengzhou University of Light Industry(Natural Science),2011,26(1):5-8.
[9]王明峰.卷烟感官舒适性相关因素分析及应用技术研究[D].昆明:云南大学,2010.WANG Mingfeng.Correlation factor analysis of sensory coziness of cigarette and its application[D].Kunming:Yunnan University,2010.
[10]YC/T 497-2014卷烟中式卷烟风格感官评价方法[S].YC/T 497-2014 Cigarette-The sensory evaluation methods for Chinese-stylistic features[S].
[11]朱保昆,王明峰,韩毅,等.烤烟主要烟气化学成分对卷烟感官舒适度的影响研究[J].云南大学学报(自然科学版),2012,34(1):77-83.ZHU Baokun,WANG Mingfeng,HAN Yi,et al.Effects of main smoke chemicals on sensory coziness in flue-cured tobacco[J].Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Sciences),2012,34(1):77-83.
[12]王明峰,焦玉磊,赵建华,等.部分烟气成分对卷烟感官舒适性的影响[J].中国烟草学报,2014,20(5):12-18.WANG Mingfeng,JIAO Yulei,ZHAO Jianhua,et al.Effect of certain smoke components on sensory coziness[J].Acta Tabacaria Sinica,2014,20(5):12-18.
[13]施红林,徐祎然,李银科,等.溶剂捕集-高效液相色谱法测定卷烟主流烟气中苯酚[J].理化检验(化学分册),2010,46(7):807-809,812.SHI Honglin,XU Yiran,LI Yinke,et al.Rapid HPLCdetermination of phenol in mainstream of cigarette smoke with solvent trapping[J].Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis Part B(Chemical Analysis),2010,46(7):807-809,812.
[14]陈建华,缪恩铭,李雪梅,等.溶剂捕集-高效液相色谱法测定烟用添加剂热裂解产物中的苯酚[J].云南大学学报(自然科学版),2012,34(5):577-580,585.CHEN Jianhua,MIAO Enming,LI Xuemei,et al.Rapid HPLC determination of phenol in pyrolytic products of tobacco additives with solvent trapping[J].Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Sciences),2012,34(5):577-580,585.
[15]ISO/TR 10271 Dentistry-Determination of tarnish and corrosion of metals and alloys[S].
[16]GB/T 19609-2004卷烟用常规分析用吸烟机测定总粒相物和焦油[S].GB/T 19609-2004 Cigarette-Determination of total and nicotine-free dry particulate matter using a routine analytical smoking machine[S].
[17]GB/T 16447-2004烟草及烟草制品调节和测试的大气环境[S].GB/T 16447-2004 Tobacco and tobacco productsAtmosphere for conditioning and testing[S].
[18]王晔,周宛虹,金永明,等.LC-MS/MS法快速分析不同吸烟量人体唾液尼古丁及其代谢物水平[J].分析测试学报,2012,31(7):797-803.WANG Ye,ZHOU Wanhong,JIN Yongming,et al.Afast method for the simultaneous determination of salivary nicotine and its metabolites at different smoking levels by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry[J].Journal of Instrumental Analysis,2012,31(7):797-803.
[19]LIU Xin,ZHANG Shuya,TAN Penglong,et al.Aplasmonic blood glucose monitor based on enzymatic etching of gold nanorods[J].Chemical Communications,2013,49:1856-1858.
[20]YC/T 255-2008卷烟主流烟气中主要酚类化合物的测定高效液相色谱法[S].YC/T 255-2008 Cigarettes-Determination of major phenolic compounds in mainstream cigarette smokeHigh performance liquid chromatographic method[S].
[21]杨新磊,罗明标,丁健桦,等.液相微萃取-高效液相色谱法快速测定唾液中尼古丁含量[J].分析化学,2007,35(2):171-175.YANG Xinlei,LUO Mingbiao,DING Jianhua,et al.Rapid determination of nicotine in saliva by liquid phase microextraction-high performance liquid chromatography[J].Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry,2007,35(2):171-175.
[22]Matsuo R,Carpenter G H.The role of saliva in taste transduction[M].Hoboken:John Wiley&Sons Press,2015.
[23]毛多斌,马宇平,张峻松,等.国内外混合型卷烟主流烟气中酚类物质的分析[J].烟草科技,2002(4):17-20.MAO Duobin,MA Yuping,ZHANG Junsong,et al.Analysis of phenolic compounds in mainstream smoke of domestic and foreign blended cigarettes[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2002(4):17-20.
[24]费婷,陈敏,郑赛晶,等.醋纤滤嘴对卷烟主流烟气重要酚类的分段截留效应[J].烟草科技,2014(1):56-60.FEI Ting,CHEN Min,ZHENG Saijing,et al.Sectional retaining efficiency of cellulose acetate filter to major phenols in mainstream cigarette smoke[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2014(1):56-60.
[25]王明峰,曾晓鹰,李先毅,等.烤烟型卷烟主流烟气中烟碱、游离烟碱的量对感官舒适性的影响[J].食品工业,2010(3):27-31.WANG Mingfeng,ZENG Xiaoying,LI Xianyi,et al.Effects of total nicotine and free-base nicotine content in Virginia type cigarette smoke on sensory coziness[J].The Food Industry,2010(3):27-31.
[2]Mandel I D.The functions of saliva[J].Journal of Dental Research,1987,66:623-627.
[3]Salaspuro V J,Hietala J M,Marvola M L,et al.Eliminating carcinogenic acetaldehyde by cysteine from saliva during smoking[J].Cancer Epidemiology,Biomarkers&Prevention,2006,15:146-149.
[4]Kartal A,Hietala J,Laakso I,et al.Formulation and in vivo evaluation of L-cysteine chewing gums for binding carcinogenic acetaldehyde in the saliva during smoking[J].Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology,2007,59:1353-1358.
[5]Weiner D,Levy Y,Khankin E V,et al.Inhibition of salivary amylase activity by cigarette smoke aldehydes[J].Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology,2008,59:727-737.
[6]曹毅,庄亚东,朱怀远,等.卷烟主流烟气中三类挥发性物质对口腔刺激作用的分析[C].中国烟草学会2012年学术年会论文集.南京:中国烟草学会,2012:579.CAO Yi,ZHUANG Yadong,ZHU Huaiyuan,et al.The analysis of the stimulation to the oral cavity caused by three kinds of volatile compounds in cigarette mainstream smoke[C].Proceedings of the 2012 Annual Conference of China Tobacco Society.Nanjing:China Tobacco Society,2012:579.
[7]李军.主流烟气仿生吸收装置的设计开发及应用[D].长沙:湖南大学,2013.LI Jun.The development and application of a bionic mainstream smoke absorption device[D].Changsha:Hunan University,2013.
[8]程传玲,唐琦,汪文良,等.单料烤烟主流烟气中主要酚类化合物及其与感官质量相关性分析[J].郑州轻工业学院学报(自然科学版),2011,26(1):5-8.CHENG Chuanling,TANG Qi,WANG Wenliang,et al.Correlation analysis between the major phenolic compounds in flue-cured tobacco MS with smoking quality[J].Journal of Zhengzhou University of Light Industry(Natural Science),2011,26(1):5-8.
[9]王明峰.卷烟感官舒适性相关因素分析及应用技术研究[D].昆明:云南大学,2010.WANG Mingfeng.Correlation factor analysis of sensory coziness of cigarette and its application[D].Kunming:Yunnan University,2010.
[10]YC/T 497-2014卷烟中式卷烟风格感官评价方法[S].YC/T 497-2014 Cigarette-The sensory evaluation methods for Chinese-stylistic features[S].
[11]朱保昆,王明峰,韩毅,等.烤烟主要烟气化学成分对卷烟感官舒适度的影响研究[J].云南大学学报(自然科学版),2012,34(1):77-83.ZHU Baokun,WANG Mingfeng,HAN Yi,et al.Effects of main smoke chemicals on sensory coziness in flue-cured tobacco[J].Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Sciences),2012,34(1):77-83.
[12]王明峰,焦玉磊,赵建华,等.部分烟气成分对卷烟感官舒适性的影响[J].中国烟草学报,2014,20(5):12-18.WANG Mingfeng,JIAO Yulei,ZHAO Jianhua,et al.Effect of certain smoke components on sensory coziness[J].Acta Tabacaria Sinica,2014,20(5):12-18.
[13]施红林,徐祎然,李银科,等.溶剂捕集-高效液相色谱法测定卷烟主流烟气中苯酚[J].理化检验(化学分册),2010,46(7):807-809,812.SHI Honglin,XU Yiran,LI Yinke,et al.Rapid HPLCdetermination of phenol in mainstream of cigarette smoke with solvent trapping[J].Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis Part B(Chemical Analysis),2010,46(7):807-809,812.
[14]陈建华,缪恩铭,李雪梅,等.溶剂捕集-高效液相色谱法测定烟用添加剂热裂解产物中的苯酚[J].云南大学学报(自然科学版),2012,34(5):577-580,585.CHEN Jianhua,MIAO Enming,LI Xuemei,et al.Rapid HPLC determination of phenol in pyrolytic products of tobacco additives with solvent trapping[J].Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Sciences),2012,34(5):577-580,585.
[15]ISO/TR 10271 Dentistry-Determination of tarnish and corrosion of metals and alloys[S].
[16]GB/T 19609-2004卷烟用常规分析用吸烟机测定总粒相物和焦油[S].GB/T 19609-2004 Cigarette-Determination of total and nicotine-free dry particulate matter using a routine analytical smoking machine[S].
[17]GB/T 16447-2004烟草及烟草制品调节和测试的大气环境[S].GB/T 16447-2004 Tobacco and tobacco productsAtmosphere for conditioning and testing[S].
[18]王晔,周宛虹,金永明,等.LC-MS/MS法快速分析不同吸烟量人体唾液尼古丁及其代谢物水平[J].分析测试学报,2012,31(7):797-803.WANG Ye,ZHOU Wanhong,JIN Yongming,et al.Afast method for the simultaneous determination of salivary nicotine and its metabolites at different smoking levels by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry[J].Journal of Instrumental Analysis,2012,31(7):797-803.
[19]LIU Xin,ZHANG Shuya,TAN Penglong,et al.Aplasmonic blood glucose monitor based on enzymatic etching of gold nanorods[J].Chemical Communications,2013,49:1856-1858.
[20]YC/T 255-2008卷烟主流烟气中主要酚类化合物的测定高效液相色谱法[S].YC/T 255-2008 Cigarettes-Determination of major phenolic compounds in mainstream cigarette smokeHigh performance liquid chromatographic method[S].
[21]杨新磊,罗明标,丁健桦,等.液相微萃取-高效液相色谱法快速测定唾液中尼古丁含量[J].分析化学,2007,35(2):171-175.YANG Xinlei,LUO Mingbiao,DING Jianhua,et al.Rapid determination of nicotine in saliva by liquid phase microextraction-high performance liquid chromatography[J].Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry,2007,35(2):171-175.
[22]Matsuo R,Carpenter G H.The role of saliva in taste transduction[M].Hoboken:John Wiley&Sons Press,2015.
[23]毛多斌,马宇平,张峻松,等.国内外混合型卷烟主流烟气中酚类物质的分析[J].烟草科技,2002(4):17-20.MAO Duobin,MA Yuping,ZHANG Junsong,et al.Analysis of phenolic compounds in mainstream smoke of domestic and foreign blended cigarettes[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2002(4):17-20.
[24]费婷,陈敏,郑赛晶,等.醋纤滤嘴对卷烟主流烟气重要酚类的分段截留效应[J].烟草科技,2014(1):56-60.FEI Ting,CHEN Min,ZHENG Saijing,et al.Sectional retaining efficiency of cellulose acetate filter to major phenols in mainstream cigarette smoke[J].Tobacco Science&Technology,2014(1):56-60.
[25]王明峰,曾晓鹰,李先毅,等.烤烟型卷烟主流烟气中烟碱、游离烟碱的量对感官舒适性的影响[J].食品工业,2010(3):27-31.WANG Mingfeng,ZENG Xiaoying,LI Xianyi,et al.Effects of total nicotine and free-base nicotine content in Virginia type cigarette smoke on sensory coziness[J].The Food Industry,2010(3):27-31.