细菌性阴道病流行特点、危险因素及与支原体感染的关系探究
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摘要
目的了解妇女细菌性阴道病(BV)的流行特点,探讨相关的危险因素及与支原体感染的关系。方法选取2017年1月至2018年1月确诊的BV患者白带标本80例(BV组),非细菌性阴道炎患者白带标本160例作为非BV组,健康体检者白带标本60例作为对照组。分别检测3组支原体感染率,分析支原体阳性率是否具有统计学意义;再通过对上述入选者进行问卷调查,经Logistic单因素及多因素分析探讨与BV可能有关的危险因素。最后通过就诊患者的唾液酸苷酶阳性率,分析其流行特点,包括发病年龄及季节等。结果 BV总感染率是13.49%,以40岁以上妇女及秋季好发;问卷调查共回收288份,回收率为96%,合格率为92.01%,年龄大于40岁、有生育史、有阴道病史、内衣非棉质4个因素是BV的独立危险因素;3组在人型支原体(MH)感染、解脲支原体(UU)感染及MH+UU混合感染中总体阳性率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但均以BV组感染率最高。结论在日常生活中,特别对于40岁以上妇女需养成良好卫生习惯、健康的生活方式,还需加强自身身体素质,适当进行季节性防护,以更好预防BV发生。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of bacterial vaginosis(BV)in women,its possible risk factors and its relationship with mycoplasma infection.Methods Eighty cases of BV(BV group)were selected from Jan 2017 to Jan 2018 in the department of gynecology,and one-hundred and sixty cases of vaginitis except BV were taken as non-BV group,sixty cases of healthy people were taken as the control group.Participants filled out questionnaires and analyzed the risk factors of BV by Logistic single factor and multifactor analysis;the positive rate of sialidase in gynecological outpatients was reviewed,and the total infection rate and epidemiological characteristics of BV were analyzed,including the age and season etal.Results The total infection rate of BV was 13.49%.Women over 40 years old had a high incidence of BV in autumn.288 cases were recovered from the questionnaire survey,the recovery rate was 96%,the eligible rate was92.01%,the age was over 40 years old,had a history of childbearing,had a history of vaginosis,underwear non-cotton were the independent risk factors of BV.The overall positive rates of MH infection,UU infection and MH with UU mixed infection were not statistically significant,but the infection in BV was the highest.Conclusion In daily life,especially for women over 40 years old,they should develop good hygienic habits and healthy lifestyle,strengthen their physical fitness,have appropriate seasonal protection,in order to prevent the occurrence of BV better.
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of bacterial vaginosis(BV)in women,its possible risk factors and its relationship with mycoplasma infection.Methods Eighty cases of BV(BV group)were selected from Jan 2017 to Jan 2018 in the department of gynecology,and one-hundred and sixty cases of vaginitis except BV were taken as non-BV group,sixty cases of healthy people were taken as the control group.Participants filled out questionnaires and analyzed the risk factors of BV by Logistic single factor and multifactor analysis;the positive rate of sialidase in gynecological outpatients was reviewed,and the total infection rate and epidemiological characteristics of BV were analyzed,including the age and season etal.Results The total infection rate of BV was 13.49%.Women over 40 years old had a high incidence of BV in autumn.288 cases were recovered from the questionnaire survey,the recovery rate was 96%,the eligible rate was92.01%,the age was over 40 years old,had a history of childbearing,had a history of vaginosis,underwear non-cotton were the independent risk factors of BV.The overall positive rates of MH infection,UU infection and MH with UU mixed infection were not statistically significant,but the infection in BV was the highest.Conclusion In daily life,especially for women over 40 years old,they should develop good hygienic habits and healthy lifestyle,strengthen their physical fitness,have appropriate seasonal protection,in order to prevent the occurrence of BV better.
引文
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[11]蔡叶萍,李荣淘,邓丽贞.孕期细菌性阴道病与不良妊娠结局关系的探讨[J].中国计划生育和妇产科,2014,6(8):34-36.
[12]曾小平,李燕云.研究女性不孕症患者细菌性阴道病与支原体感染状况[J].中国现代药物应用,2018,12(16):218-219.
[13]TAYLOR-ROBINSON D,BOUSTOULLER Y L.Damage to oviduct organ cultures by Gardnerella vaginalis[J].Int J Exp Pathol,2011,92(4):260-265.
[14]张瑞,桑佳特,吴文湘,等.无症状性BV的自然转归及其高危因素分析[J].现代妇产科进展,2015,24(12):881-884.
[15]周亚芬,张静.妇科门诊细菌性阴道病发病率及相关危险因素分析[J].中华医院感染学杂志,2013,23(4):852-854.
[16]李素萍,袁超燕,陈兰,等.育龄妇女细菌性阴道病的发病情况及高危因素分析[J].中国实验诊断学,2014,18(3):406-408.
[17]王亮军,邹珍.细菌性阴道病与病原菌相关性分析[J].医学理论与实践,2014,27(24):3338-3339.
[18]武文娟,范爱萍,韩姹,等.Uu及其亚群、Mg感染与BV的相关性研究[J].现代妇产科进展,2015,24(2):105-108.
[19]张捷.细菌性阴道病与解脲支原体感染的临床研究[J].中国民族民间医药,2011,20(24):156-157.
[2]李建兰.BV三联检与湿片镜检在细菌性阴道病诊断中的应用价值[J].中国现代医生,2015,53(7):95-97,101.
[3]王晶莹,卢云.阴道唾液酸酶法检测在细菌性阴道病中的诊断价值[J].中国乡村医药,2018,25(12):51-52.
[4]曹泽毅.中华妇产科学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1999:1205.
[5]WILSON J.Managing recurrent bacterial vaginosis[J].Sex Transm Infect,2004,80(1):8-11.
[6]刘志强,张玲华,谷学英,等.不同育龄妇女人群细菌性阴道病调查及临床分析[J].中国妇幼保健,2005,20(11):1394-1396.
[7]兰蔚青.细菌性阴道病变和盆腔炎症的临床分析[J].中国实用医药,2013,8(18):55-56.
[8]LAXMI U,AGRAWAL S,RAGHUNANDAN C,et al.Association of bacterial vaginosis with adverse fetomaternal outcome in women with spontaneous preterm labor:a prospective cohort study[J].J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med,2012,25(1):64-67.
[9]LIM K H,BROOKS H,MCDOUGAL R,et al.Is there a correlation between bacterial vaginosis and preterm Labour in women in the Otago region of New Zealand?[J].Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol,2010,50(3):226-229.
[10]罗奕巾.细菌性阴道病与早产、胎膜早破的临床关联分析[J].中国妇幼卫生杂志,2016,7(1):83-85.
[11]蔡叶萍,李荣淘,邓丽贞.孕期细菌性阴道病与不良妊娠结局关系的探讨[J].中国计划生育和妇产科,2014,6(8):34-36.
[12]曾小平,李燕云.研究女性不孕症患者细菌性阴道病与支原体感染状况[J].中国现代药物应用,2018,12(16):218-219.
[13]TAYLOR-ROBINSON D,BOUSTOULLER Y L.Damage to oviduct organ cultures by Gardnerella vaginalis[J].Int J Exp Pathol,2011,92(4):260-265.
[14]张瑞,桑佳特,吴文湘,等.无症状性BV的自然转归及其高危因素分析[J].现代妇产科进展,2015,24(12):881-884.
[15]周亚芬,张静.妇科门诊细菌性阴道病发病率及相关危险因素分析[J].中华医院感染学杂志,2013,23(4):852-854.
[16]李素萍,袁超燕,陈兰,等.育龄妇女细菌性阴道病的发病情况及高危因素分析[J].中国实验诊断学,2014,18(3):406-408.
[17]王亮军,邹珍.细菌性阴道病与病原菌相关性分析[J].医学理论与实践,2014,27(24):3338-3339.
[18]武文娟,范爱萍,韩姹,等.Uu及其亚群、Mg感染与BV的相关性研究[J].现代妇产科进展,2015,24(2):105-108.
[19]张捷.细菌性阴道病与解脲支原体感染的临床研究[J].中国民族民间医药,2011,20(24):156-157.