小麦-长穗偃麦草异染色体系筛选与鉴定
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摘要
二倍体长穗偃麦草(Thinopyrum elongatum(Host) A. Löve,2n=2x=14,EE)具有抗病性强、耐盐碱、抗旱、多花多实等优异性状。为明确引进的小麦-长穗偃麦草后代种质系的染色体遗传组成,本研究综合利用原位杂交与分子标记技术结合田间农艺性状对其进行鉴定。结果表明,16份小麦-长穗偃麦草种质系中,L20161461、L20161462两份材料是二体异附加系,分别附加6E和7E染色体;L20160940、L20160942、L20161457、L20161459四份材料是二体异代换系,分别是4E/4D、4E/4D、1E/1D、3E/3B;与中国春相比,L20160947的千粒重增幅57.02%,达到极显著水平;在2.2%NaCl溶液处理下,L20160940的耐盐性高于中国春。本研究为这些材料在小麦遗传改良中的进一步利用奠定了基础。
Diploid Thinopyrum elongatum(Host A. L?ve, 2 n=2 x=14, EE) has excellent traits such as strong disease resistance, salt and alkali resistance, drought resistance and more flowers and seeds. In order to clarify the chromosome genetic composition of the introduced wheat-Th.elongatum progeny, in situ hybridization and molecular marker techniques combined with field agronomic traits were used in the study. The results showed that among the 16 wheat-Th.elongatum lines, L20161461 and L20161462 were disomic addition lines, added with 6E and 7E chromosomes respectively. L20160940, L20160942, L20161457 and L20161459 were the disomic substitution lines of 4E/4D, 4E/4D, 1E/1D and 3E/3B, respectively. The 1 000-grain weight of L20160947 increased by 57.02% compared with that of Chinese spring, which reached a very significant level. The salt tolerance of L20160940 was higher than that of Chinese spring under the treatment of 2.2% NaCl solution. This study laid the foundation for the further utilization of these materials in the genetic improvement of wheat.
Diploid Thinopyrum elongatum(Host A. L?ve, 2 n=2 x=14, EE) has excellent traits such as strong disease resistance, salt and alkali resistance, drought resistance and more flowers and seeds. In order to clarify the chromosome genetic composition of the introduced wheat-Th.elongatum progeny, in situ hybridization and molecular marker techniques combined with field agronomic traits were used in the study. The results showed that among the 16 wheat-Th.elongatum lines, L20161461 and L20161462 were disomic addition lines, added with 6E and 7E chromosomes respectively. L20160940, L20160942, L20161457 and L20161459 were the disomic substitution lines of 4E/4D, 4E/4D, 1E/1D and 3E/3B, respectively. The 1 000-grain weight of L20160947 increased by 57.02% compared with that of Chinese spring, which reached a very significant level. The salt tolerance of L20160940 was higher than that of Chinese spring under the treatment of 2.2% NaCl solution. This study laid the foundation for the further utilization of these materials in the genetic improvement of wheat.
引文
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[13]裴艳茹.小麦-长穗偃麦草后代种质系的鉴定及遗传分析[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2018.
[14]Kato A,Lamb J C,Birchler J A.Chromosome painting using repetitive DNA sequences as probes for somatic chromosome identification in maize[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2004,101(37):13554-13559.
[15]Fu S L,Lv Z L,Qi B,et al.Molecular cytogenetic characterization of wheat-Thinopyrum elongatum addition,substitution and translocation lines with a novel source of resistance to wheat fusarium head blight[J].Journal of Genetics and Genomics,2012,39(2):103-110.
[16]段亚梅.硬粒小麦-长穗偃麦草附加系、代换系和易位系的创建[D].扬州:扬州大学,2018.
[17]张超.长穗偃麦草E组染色体特异PCR标记开发[D].扬州:扬州大学,2009.
[18]Omielan J,Epstein E,Dvorák J.Salt tolerance and ionic relations of wheat as affected by individual chromosomes of salttolerant Lophopyrum elongatum[J].Genome,1991,34(6):961-974.
[19]韩冉,宫文萍,宋健民,等.小麦-近缘物种染色体系耐盐性鉴定及分子标记筛选[J].麦类作物学报,2017,37(3):301-306.
[2]董玉琛,郑殿升.中国小麦遗传资源[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[3]王林生,陈佩度.普通小麦外源染色体易位系的诱导及其在育种上的应用[J].生物学通报,2007,42(2):9-11.
[4]Dvorák J,Edge M,Ross K.On the evolution of the adaptation of Lophopyrum elongatum to growth in saline environments[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,1988,85(11):3805-3809.
[5]Zhong G Y,Dvorák J.Chromosomal control of the tolerance of gradually and suddenly imposed salt stress in the Lophopyrum elongatum and wheat,Triticum aestivum L.genomes[J].Theoretical and Applied Genetics,1995,90(2):229-236.
[6]Shen X R,Ohm H.Fusarium head blight resistance derived form Lophopyrum elongatum chromosome 7E and its augmentation with Fhb1 in wheat[J].Plant Breeding,2006,125(5):424-429.
[7]陈士强,秦树文,黄泽峰,等.基于SLAF-seq技术开发长穗偃麦草染色体特异分子标记[J].作物学报,2013,39(4):727-734.
[8]李玉京,刘建中,李滨,等.长穗偃麦草基因组中与耐低磷营养胁迫有关的基因的染色体定位[J].遗传学报,1999,26(6):703-710.
[9]Forster B P,Miller T E,Law C N.Salt tolerance of two wheatAgropyron junceum disomic addition lines[J].Genome,1988,30(4):559-564.
[10]Jiang J,Friebe B,Gill B S.Recent advances in alien gene transfer in wheat[J].Euphytica,1994,73:199-212.
[11]李立会,李秀全.小麦种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2005.
[12]王萌萌,姜奇彦,胡正,等.小麦品种资源耐盐性鉴定[J].植物遗传资源学报,2012,13(2):189-194.
[13]裴艳茹.小麦-长穗偃麦草后代种质系的鉴定及遗传分析[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2018.
[14]Kato A,Lamb J C,Birchler J A.Chromosome painting using repetitive DNA sequences as probes for somatic chromosome identification in maize[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2004,101(37):13554-13559.
[15]Fu S L,Lv Z L,Qi B,et al.Molecular cytogenetic characterization of wheat-Thinopyrum elongatum addition,substitution and translocation lines with a novel source of resistance to wheat fusarium head blight[J].Journal of Genetics and Genomics,2012,39(2):103-110.
[16]段亚梅.硬粒小麦-长穗偃麦草附加系、代换系和易位系的创建[D].扬州:扬州大学,2018.
[17]张超.长穗偃麦草E组染色体特异PCR标记开发[D].扬州:扬州大学,2009.
[18]Omielan J,Epstein E,Dvorák J.Salt tolerance and ionic relations of wheat as affected by individual chromosomes of salttolerant Lophopyrum elongatum[J].Genome,1991,34(6):961-974.
[19]韩冉,宫文萍,宋健民,等.小麦-近缘物种染色体系耐盐性鉴定及分子标记筛选[J].麦类作物学报,2017,37(3):301-306.