超临界二氧化碳浸泡对页岩力学性质影响的实验
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摘要
超临界二氧化碳在页岩油气等非常规油气藏的勘探开发中极具潜力,通过室内二氧化碳浸泡实验系统,对不同压力和温度浸泡下页岩岩心力学性质变化进行实验研究和机制阐释。结果表明:浸泡初期岩心膨胀,随后有所收缩,最后趋于平缓;浸泡后页岩弹性模量和泊松比均增大;在临界压力附近,力学性质发生急剧变化,压力继续增大,力学性质变化平缓,弹性模量和泊松比平均增幅分别为43.4%和36.6%;随着温度增加,弹性模量和泊松比逐渐增大,最大增幅分别为138.4%和24.7%。页岩力学性质变化对CO_2压力变化不敏感,而CO_2温度影响较为明显和复杂,对力学参数随温度变化给出了定量化描述,为超临界二氧化碳勘探开发页岩气在岩石力学等方面提供了一定数据支撑和理论依据。
Supercritical carbon dioxide as fracturing or displacement fluid has great potential in exploration and development of unconventional reservoirs such as shale oil and gas. In this study, the mechanical properties of shale rocks soaked with carbon dioxide soaking were investigated via indoor experiments under different pressure and temperature conditions. The experimental results show that the shale rock core expanded in the beginning of the soaking, then contracted, and finally leveled off. Its elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio increased after the soaking. At near the critical pressure of CO_2, the mechanical property of the core changes sharply, and then it becomes stable as pressure further increases. The average increments of the elastic modulus and the Poisson's ratio are of 43.4% and 36.6%, respectively. With the increase of temperature, the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio increases gradually, and the maximum increase for the two parameters is of 138.4% and 24.7% respectively. The change of the mechanical properties of shale is not very sensitive to CO_2 pressure, but the influence of temperature is obvious and complex. A quantitative description of the mechanical parameters of shale rocks soaking in CO_2 under high temperature and pressure conditions was given, which can provide guidelines for the application of supercritical carbon dioxide in shale gas exploitation in terms of rock mechanics.
Supercritical carbon dioxide as fracturing or displacement fluid has great potential in exploration and development of unconventional reservoirs such as shale oil and gas. In this study, the mechanical properties of shale rocks soaked with carbon dioxide soaking were investigated via indoor experiments under different pressure and temperature conditions. The experimental results show that the shale rock core expanded in the beginning of the soaking, then contracted, and finally leveled off. Its elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio increased after the soaking. At near the critical pressure of CO_2, the mechanical property of the core changes sharply, and then it becomes stable as pressure further increases. The average increments of the elastic modulus and the Poisson's ratio are of 43.4% and 36.6%, respectively. With the increase of temperature, the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio increases gradually, and the maximum increase for the two parameters is of 138.4% and 24.7% respectively. The change of the mechanical properties of shale is not very sensitive to CO_2 pressure, but the influence of temperature is obvious and complex. A quantitative description of the mechanical parameters of shale rocks soaking in CO_2 under high temperature and pressure conditions was given, which can provide guidelines for the application of supercritical carbon dioxide in shale gas exploitation in terms of rock mechanics.
引文
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[18] 杨侃.岩石微孔隙中气体吸附、链状分子运移的计算模拟及其油气地质意义[D].南京:南京大学,2011.YANG Kan.Simulations of gas adsorption and chain-molecules transportation in microscaled pore of rocks and its preliminary application in petroleum geology[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University,2011.
[19] ?ZGEN K C,MITCHELL G D.Behavior and effect of different coal microlithotypes during gas transport for carbon dioxide sequestration into coal seams[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2008,74:41-52.
[20] ?ZGEN K C.Heterogeneous sorption and swelling in a confined and stressed coal during CO2 injection[J].Energy Fuels,2003,17:1595-1608.
[21] GOODMAN A L,FAVORS R N,HILL M M,et al.Structure changes in Pittsburgh No.8 coal caused by sorption of CO2 gas[J].Energy and Fuels,2005,19(4):1759-1960.
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[23] 刁海燕.泥页岩储层岩石力学特性及脆性评价[J].岩石学报,2013,29(9):3301-3306.DIAO Haiyan.Rock mechanical properties and brittleness evaluation of shale reservoir[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2013,29(9):3301-3306.
[24] 徐冬,张军,李刚.CO2和H2O在活性炭上的吸附平衡和吸附动力学研究[J].无机材料学报,2012,27(2):142-143.XU Dong,ZHANG Jun,LI Gang.Adsorption equilibrium and kinetics of CO2 and H2O on activated carbon[J].Journal of Inorganic Materials,2012,27(2):142-143.
[25] 孙宝江,张彦龙,杜庆杰,等.CO2在页岩中的吸附解吸性能评价[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2013,37(5):96-99.SUN Baojiang,ZHANG Yanlong,DU Qingjie,et al.Property evaluation of CO2 adsorption and desorption on shale[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2013,37(5):96-99.
[2] 董大忠,邹才能,杨桦,等.中国页岩气勘探开发进展与发展前景[J].石油学报,2012,33(增1):107-114.DONG Dazhong,ZOU Caineng,YANG Hua,et al.Progress and prospects of shale gas exploration and development in China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(sup1):107-114.
[3] 贾承造,郑民,张永峰.中国非常规油气资源与勘探开发前景[J].石油勘探与开发,2012,39(2):129-136.JIA Chengzao,ZHENG Min,ZHANG Yongfeng.Unconventional hydrocarbon resources in China and the prospect of exploration and development[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2012,39(2):129-136.
[4] DAMMEL J A,BIELICKI J M,POLLAK M F,et al.A tale of two technologies:hydraulic fracturing and geologic carbon sequestration[J].Environmental Science & Technology,2011,45(12):5075-5076.
[5] 崔思华,班凡生,袁光杰.页岩气钻完井技术现状及难点分析[J].天然气工业,2011,31(4):72-75.CUI Sihua,BAN Fansheng,YUAN Guangjie.Status and difficulties analysis of shale gas drilling and completion technology[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(4):72-75.
[6] FRIEDRICH J P,PRYDE E H.Supercritical CO2 extraction of lipid-bearing materials and characterization of the products[J].Am Oil Chemist's Soc,1984,61(2):223-228.
[7] LEE J Y,WEINGARTEN M,GE S.Induced seismicity:the potential hazard from shale gas development and CO2,geologic storage[J].Geosciences Journal,2016,20(1):137-148.
[8] 李新景,胡素云,程克明.北美裂缝性页岩气勘探开发的启示[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(4):392-400.LI Xinjing,HU Suyun,CHENG Keming.Suggestions from the development of fractured shale gas in North America[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2007,34(4):392-400.
[9] FAISAL Aladwani.Mechanistic modeling of an underbalanced drilling operation utilizing supercritical carbon dioxide[D].Baton Rouge:Louisiana State University,2007.
[10] FAISAL A,JULIUS P,RICHARD H.Modeling of an underbalanced-drilling operation using supercritical carbon dioxide[J].SPE Drilling and Completion,2009,24(4):599-610.
[11] FERN? M A,STEINSB? M,?YVIND Eide,et al.Parametric study of oil recovery during CO2 injections in fractured chalk:influence of fracture permeability,diffusion length and water saturation[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science & Engineering,2015,27:1063-1073.
[12] GUPTA A P,GUPTA A,LANGLINAIS J.Feasibility of supercritical carbon dioxide as a drilling fluid for deep underbalanced drilling operation [R].SPE 96992,2005.
[13] KOLLE J J.Coiled-tubing drilling with supercritical carbon dioxide[R].SPE 65534,2000.
[14] 王瑞和,倪红坚.二氧化碳连续管井筒流动传热规律研究[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2013,37(5):65-70.WANG Ruihe,NI Hongjian.Wellbore heat transfer law of carbon dioxide coiled tubing drilling[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2013,37(5):65-70.
[15] 宋维强,王瑞和,倪红坚,等.水平井段超临界CO2携岩数值模拟[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2015,39(2):63-68.SONG Weiqiang,WANG Ruihe,NI Hongjian,et al.Numerical simulation of cuttings transport efficiency of supercritical carbon dioxide in horizontal section[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2015,39(2):63-68.
[16] DING L,NI H,LI M,et al.Wellbore collapse pressure analysis under supercritical carbon dioxide drilling condition[J].Journal of Petroleum Science & Engineering,2018,161:458-467.
[17] 董伟.电阻应变片粘贴技巧[J].山西建筑,2011,37(28):46-48.DONG Wei.Sticking technology of resistance strain gauge[J].Shanxi Architecture,2011,37(28):46-48.
[18] 杨侃.岩石微孔隙中气体吸附、链状分子运移的计算模拟及其油气地质意义[D].南京:南京大学,2011.YANG Kan.Simulations of gas adsorption and chain-molecules transportation in microscaled pore of rocks and its preliminary application in petroleum geology[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University,2011.
[19] ?ZGEN K C,MITCHELL G D.Behavior and effect of different coal microlithotypes during gas transport for carbon dioxide sequestration into coal seams[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2008,74:41-52.
[20] ?ZGEN K C.Heterogeneous sorption and swelling in a confined and stressed coal during CO2 injection[J].Energy Fuels,2003,17:1595-1608.
[21] GOODMAN A L,FAVORS R N,HILL M M,et al.Structure changes in Pittsburgh No.8 coal caused by sorption of CO2 gas[J].Energy and Fuels,2005,19(4):1759-1960.
[22] RADLINSKI A P,BUSBRIDGE T L,GRAY E M A,et al.Small angle X-ray scattering mapping and kinetics study of sub-critical CO2 sorption by two Australian coals[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2009,77(1/2):80-89.
[23] 刁海燕.泥页岩储层岩石力学特性及脆性评价[J].岩石学报,2013,29(9):3301-3306.DIAO Haiyan.Rock mechanical properties and brittleness evaluation of shale reservoir[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2013,29(9):3301-3306.
[24] 徐冬,张军,李刚.CO2和H2O在活性炭上的吸附平衡和吸附动力学研究[J].无机材料学报,2012,27(2):142-143.XU Dong,ZHANG Jun,LI Gang.Adsorption equilibrium and kinetics of CO2 and H2O on activated carbon[J].Journal of Inorganic Materials,2012,27(2):142-143.
[25] 孙宝江,张彦龙,杜庆杰,等.CO2在页岩中的吸附解吸性能评价[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2013,37(5):96-99.SUN Baojiang,ZHANG Yanlong,DU Qingjie,et al.Property evaluation of CO2 adsorption and desorption on shale[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2013,37(5):96-99.