碳表面亲疏水改性的研究进展
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摘要
亲疏水性质对于碳材料的实际应用具有重要意义。介绍并比较了热烧结法、液相处理法、气相反应法等改性方法对碳材料形貌、结构、化学组成及亲疏水性质的影响,分析了各亲疏水改性方法的优缺点,指出了亲疏水改性研究的发展方向。
The hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties play important roles in the practical application of carbon materials.The effects of different modification methods such as heat sintering,liquid treatment and gas-phase reaction,on the structure,chemical composition and hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties of carbon materials are reviewed,the advantages and disadvantages of various methods are analyzed,and the development direction of modification of hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties is pointed out.
The hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties play important roles in the practical application of carbon materials.The effects of different modification methods such as heat sintering,liquid treatment and gas-phase reaction,on the structure,chemical composition and hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties of carbon materials are reviewed,the advantages and disadvantages of various methods are analyzed,and the development direction of modification of hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties is pointed out.
引文
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27Chiang H L,Huang C P,Chiang P C.The surface charac-teristics of activated carbon as affected by ozone and alkalinetreatment[J].Chemosphere,2002,47(3):257
28 Darmstadt H,Summchen L,Ting J M,et al.Effects ofsurface treatment on the bulk chemistry and structure of va-por grown carbon fibers[J].Carbon,1997,35(10-11):1581
29Cuervo M R,Asedegbega-Nieto E,Diaz E,et al.Effect ofcarbon nanofiber functionalization on the adsorption proper-ties of volatile organic compounds[J].J Chromatogr A,2008,1188(2):264
30 Oh H S,Kim K,Ko Y J,et al.Effect of chemical oxidationof CNFs on the electrochemical carbon corrosion in polymerelectrolyte membrane fuel cells[J].Int J Hydrogen Energy,2010,35(2):701
31 Qiu J,Wang G J.Comparative study on modification ofmulti-walled carbon nanotubes by a hydrophilic polymerwith different approaches[J].Appl Surf Sci,2008,254(18):5691
32 Weissmann M,Baranton S,Clacens J M,et al.Modifica-tion of hydrophobic/hydrophilic properties of Vulcan XC72carbon powder by grafting of trifluoromethylphenyl and phe-nylsulfonic acid groups[J].Carbon,2010,48(10):2755
33Salavagione H J,Gomez M A,Martinez G.Polymeric modi-fication of graphene through esterification of graphite oxideand poly(vinyl alcohol)[J].Macromolecules,2009,42(17):6331
34Zeng H L,Gao C,Yan D Y.Poly(epsilon-caprolactone)-functionalized carbon nanotubes and their biodegradationproperties[J].Adv Funct Mater,2006,16(6):812
35Li L,Lukehart C M.Synthesis of hydrophobic and hydro-philic graphitic carbon nanofiber polymer brushes[J].ChemMater,2006,18(1):94
36Pan Y Z,Bao H Q,Sahoo N G,et al.Water-soluble poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-graphene sheets synthesized viaclick chemistry for drug delivery[J].Adv Funct Mater,2011,21(14):2754
37 Urchaga P,Weissmann M,Baranton S,et al.Improvementof the platinum nanoparticles-carbon substrate interaction byinsertion of a thiophenol molecular bridge[J].Langmuir,2009,25(11):6543
38 Baranton S,Belanger D.Electrochemical derivatization ofcarbon surface by reduction of in situ generated diazoniumcations[J].J Phys Chem B,2005,109(51):24401
39 Marcoux P R,Hapiot P,Batail P,et al.Electrochemicalfunctionalization of nanotube films:Growth of aryl chains onsingle-walled carbon nanotubes[J].New J Chem,2004,28(2):302
40Park S J,Seo M K,Lee Y S.Surface characteristics of fluo-rine-modified PAN-based carbon fibers[J].Carbon,2003,41(4):723
41Lim J W,Lee J M,Yun S M,et al.Hydrophilic modifica-tion of polyacrylonitrile membranes by oxyfluorination[J].JInd Eng Chem,2009,15(6):876
42 Mathur R B,Gupta V,Bahl O P,et al.Improvement in themechanical properties of polyacrylonitrile(PAN)-based car-bon fibers after fluorination[J].Synth Metal,2000,114(2):197
43Schulz H,Leonhardt M,Scheibe H J,et al.Ultra hydro-phobic wetting behaviour of amorphous carbon films[J].Surf Coat Techn,2005,200(1-4):1123
44Chen J S,Lau S P,Sun Z,et al.Metal-containing amor-phous carbon films for hydrophobic application[J].ThinSolid Films,2001,398-399:110
45Franco J A,de Montigny D D,Kentish S E,et al.Polytet-rafluoroethylene(PTFE)-sputtered polypropylene mem-branes for carbon dioxide separation in membrane gas ab-sorption:Hollow fiber configuration[J].Ind Eng ChemRes,2012,51(3):1376
46 Chiu K F,Wang K W.Hydrophobic coatings on carbonelectrodes for proton exchange membrane fuel cells[J].Surf Coat Techn,2007,202(4-7):1231
47 Hong Y C,Shin D H,Cho S C,et al.Surface transforma-tion of carbon nanotube powder into super-hydrophobic andmeasurement of wettability[J].Chem Phys Lett,2006,427(4-6):390
48Bradley R H,Smith M W,Andreu A,et al.Surface studiesof novel hydrophobic active carbons[J].Appl Surf Sci,2011,257(7):2912
49Bu I Y Y,Oei S P.Hydrophobic vertically aligned carbonnanotubes on corning glass for self cleaning applications[J].Appl Surf Sci,2010,256(22):6699
50Lee C M,Pai Y H,Lin G R,et al.Teflon-coated carbon fi-ber core/shell structure based hydrophobic gas-diffusionelectrode for proton exchange membrane fuel cells[J].JElectrochem Soc,2010,157(2):B256
51Chen G,Zhang J Y,Yang S R.Fabrication of hydrophobicfluorinated amorphous carbon thin films by an electrochemi-cal route[J].Electrochem Commun,2008,10(1):7
2 Hedborg E,Winquist F,Sundgren H,et al.Charge migra-tion on hydrophobic and hydrophilic silicon dioxide[J].Thin Solid Films,1999,340(1-2):250
3 Maximous N,Nakhla G,Wan W.Comparative assessmentof hydrophobic and hydrophilic membrane fouling inwastewater applications[J].J Membr Sci,2009,339(1-2):93
4 Horowitz G I,Martinez O,Cukierman A L,et al.Ethanoloxidation in a trickle-bed reactor using a hydrophobic cata-lyst-Effect of dilution with hydrophilic particles[J].CatalToday,2001,64(3-4):347
5 Antolini E.Carbon supports for low-temperature fuel cellcatalysts[J].Appl Catal B:Environ,2009,88(1-2):1
6 Raffaelle R P,Landi B J,Harris J D,et al.Carbon nano-tubes for power applications[J].Mater Sci Eng B,2005,116(3):233
7 Geim A K,Novoselov K S.The rise of graphene[J].NatMater,2007,6(3):183
8 Gu J L,Su S S,Li Y S,et al.Hydrophilic mesoporous car-bon nanoparticles as carriers for sustained release of hydro-phobic anti-cancer drugs[J].Chem Commun,2011,47(7):2101
9 Sun X M,Li Y D.Colloidal carbon spheres and their core/shell structures with noble-metal nanoparticles[J].AngewChem Int Ed,2004,43(5):597
10Passalacqua E,Squadrito G,Lufrano F,et al.Effects of thediffusion layer characteristics on the performance of polymerelectrolyte fuel cell electrodes[J].J Appl Electrochem,2001,31(4):449
11Jordan L R,Shukla A K,Behrsing T,et al.Diffusion layerparameters influencing optimal fuel cell performance[J].JPower Sources,2000,86(1-2):250
12 Datsyuk V,Kalyva M,Papagelis K,et al.Chemical oxida-tion of multiwalled carbon nanotubes[J].Carbon,2008,46(6):833
13 Guha A,Lu W J,Zawodzinski T A,et al.Surface-modifiedcarbons as platinum catalyst support for PEM fuel cells[J].Carbon,2007,45(7):1506
14Bradley R H,Rand B.On the physical adsorption of vaporsby microporous carbons[J].J Colloid Interf Sci,1995,169(1):168
15 Chen W,Duan L,Zhu D Q.Adsorption of polar and nonpo-lar organic chemicals to carbon nanotubes[J].Environ SciTechn,2007,41(24):8295
16Song J M,Cha S Y,Lee W M.Optimal composition of po-lymer electrolyte fuel cell electrodes determined by the ACimpedance method[J].J Power Sources,2001,94(1):78
17 Antolini E,Passos R R,Ticianelli E A.Effects of the ca-thode gas diffusion layer characteristics on the performanceof polymer electrolyte fuel cells[J].J Appl Electrochem,2002,32(4):383
18曹春华,李家麟,贾志杰,等.用二胺在碳纳米管上引入胺基团的研究[J].新型炭材料,2004(2):137
19胡培贤,温月芳,杨永岗,等.氨化处理对碳纤维表面性能及其复合材料的影响[J].纺织学报,2009(2):18
20Soria-Sanchez M,Maroto-Valiente A,Guerrero-Ruiz A,etal.Adsorption of non-ionic surfactants on hydrophobic andhydrophilic carbon surfaces[J].J Colloid Interf Sci,2010,343(1):194
21 Toebes M L,van Heeswijk E M P,Bitter J H,et al.Theinfluence of oxidation on the texture and the number of oxy-gen-containing surface groups of carbon nanofibers[J].Car-bon,2004,42(2):307
22 Ros T G,van Dillen A J,Geus J W,et al.Surface oxidationof carbon nanofibers[J].Chem Eur J,2002,8(5):1151
23 Kim K J,Kang C S,You Y J,et al.Adsorption-desorptioncharacteristics of VOCs over impregnated activated carbons[J].Catal Today,2006,111(3-4):223
24Li L,Liu S Q,Liu J X.Surface modification of coconutshell based activated carbon for the improvement of hydro-phobic VOC removal[J].J Hazard Mater,2011,192(2):683
25Su F S,Lu C Y,Hu S K.Adsorption of benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene and p-xylene by NaOCl-oxidized carbon nano-tubes[J].Colloids Surf A:Physicochem Eng Aspects,2010,353(1):83
26 Yu F,Ma J,Wu Y Q.Adsorption of toluene,ethylbenzeneand m-xylene on multi-walled carbon nanotubes with diffe-rent oxygen contents from aqueous solutions[J].J HazardMater,2011,192(3):1370
27Chiang H L,Huang C P,Chiang P C.The surface charac-teristics of activated carbon as affected by ozone and alkalinetreatment[J].Chemosphere,2002,47(3):257
28 Darmstadt H,Summchen L,Ting J M,et al.Effects ofsurface treatment on the bulk chemistry and structure of va-por grown carbon fibers[J].Carbon,1997,35(10-11):1581
29Cuervo M R,Asedegbega-Nieto E,Diaz E,et al.Effect ofcarbon nanofiber functionalization on the adsorption proper-ties of volatile organic compounds[J].J Chromatogr A,2008,1188(2):264
30 Oh H S,Kim K,Ko Y J,et al.Effect of chemical oxidationof CNFs on the electrochemical carbon corrosion in polymerelectrolyte membrane fuel cells[J].Int J Hydrogen Energy,2010,35(2):701
31 Qiu J,Wang G J.Comparative study on modification ofmulti-walled carbon nanotubes by a hydrophilic polymerwith different approaches[J].Appl Surf Sci,2008,254(18):5691
32 Weissmann M,Baranton S,Clacens J M,et al.Modifica-tion of hydrophobic/hydrophilic properties of Vulcan XC72carbon powder by grafting of trifluoromethylphenyl and phe-nylsulfonic acid groups[J].Carbon,2010,48(10):2755
33Salavagione H J,Gomez M A,Martinez G.Polymeric modi-fication of graphene through esterification of graphite oxideand poly(vinyl alcohol)[J].Macromolecules,2009,42(17):6331
34Zeng H L,Gao C,Yan D Y.Poly(epsilon-caprolactone)-functionalized carbon nanotubes and their biodegradationproperties[J].Adv Funct Mater,2006,16(6):812
35Li L,Lukehart C M.Synthesis of hydrophobic and hydro-philic graphitic carbon nanofiber polymer brushes[J].ChemMater,2006,18(1):94
36Pan Y Z,Bao H Q,Sahoo N G,et al.Water-soluble poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-graphene sheets synthesized viaclick chemistry for drug delivery[J].Adv Funct Mater,2011,21(14):2754
37 Urchaga P,Weissmann M,Baranton S,et al.Improvementof the platinum nanoparticles-carbon substrate interaction byinsertion of a thiophenol molecular bridge[J].Langmuir,2009,25(11):6543
38 Baranton S,Belanger D.Electrochemical derivatization ofcarbon surface by reduction of in situ generated diazoniumcations[J].J Phys Chem B,2005,109(51):24401
39 Marcoux P R,Hapiot P,Batail P,et al.Electrochemicalfunctionalization of nanotube films:Growth of aryl chains onsingle-walled carbon nanotubes[J].New J Chem,2004,28(2):302
40Park S J,Seo M K,Lee Y S.Surface characteristics of fluo-rine-modified PAN-based carbon fibers[J].Carbon,2003,41(4):723
41Lim J W,Lee J M,Yun S M,et al.Hydrophilic modifica-tion of polyacrylonitrile membranes by oxyfluorination[J].JInd Eng Chem,2009,15(6):876
42 Mathur R B,Gupta V,Bahl O P,et al.Improvement in themechanical properties of polyacrylonitrile(PAN)-based car-bon fibers after fluorination[J].Synth Metal,2000,114(2):197
43Schulz H,Leonhardt M,Scheibe H J,et al.Ultra hydro-phobic wetting behaviour of amorphous carbon films[J].Surf Coat Techn,2005,200(1-4):1123
44Chen J S,Lau S P,Sun Z,et al.Metal-containing amor-phous carbon films for hydrophobic application[J].ThinSolid Films,2001,398-399:110
45Franco J A,de Montigny D D,Kentish S E,et al.Polytet-rafluoroethylene(PTFE)-sputtered polypropylene mem-branes for carbon dioxide separation in membrane gas ab-sorption:Hollow fiber configuration[J].Ind Eng ChemRes,2012,51(3):1376
46 Chiu K F,Wang K W.Hydrophobic coatings on carbonelectrodes for proton exchange membrane fuel cells[J].Surf Coat Techn,2007,202(4-7):1231
47 Hong Y C,Shin D H,Cho S C,et al.Surface transforma-tion of carbon nanotube powder into super-hydrophobic andmeasurement of wettability[J].Chem Phys Lett,2006,427(4-6):390
48Bradley R H,Smith M W,Andreu A,et al.Surface studiesof novel hydrophobic active carbons[J].Appl Surf Sci,2011,257(7):2912
49Bu I Y Y,Oei S P.Hydrophobic vertically aligned carbonnanotubes on corning glass for self cleaning applications[J].Appl Surf Sci,2010,256(22):6699
50Lee C M,Pai Y H,Lin G R,et al.Teflon-coated carbon fi-ber core/shell structure based hydrophobic gas-diffusionelectrode for proton exchange membrane fuel cells[J].JElectrochem Soc,2010,157(2):B256
51Chen G,Zhang J Y,Yang S R.Fabrication of hydrophobicfluorinated amorphous carbon thin films by an electrochemi-cal route[J].Electrochem Commun,2008,10(1):7