达氏鲟幼鱼形态特征及其同工酶电泳分析
|
摘要
为了解达氏鲟(Acipenser dabryanus)幼鱼的形态特征和生化遗传特性,为其种质鉴定提供理论依据。采用传统形态学方法测定样品的可量性状和可数性状,通过聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直板电泳对30尾达氏鲟4种组织(心脏、眼睛晶状体、肌肉、肝脏)的乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)进行了分析。结果表明:1)达氏鲟幼鱼的主要形态特征为头较小呈楔形,口下位,背部、体侧及腹部共具骨板5行,尾鳍歪形,上叶长于下叶;鳍式为背鳍D. 43～45和臀鳍A. 25～39;左侧第一鳃弓外侧鳃耙数为24～43; 2)达氏鲟幼鱼的心脏、眼睛晶状体、肌肉和肝脏中的LDH酶带条数分别为7～9、2～6、4～7和7条; MDH酶带数均为5条,未检测到苹果酸脱氢酶酶带(s-MDH)。达氏鲟的2种同工酶系统具有组织特异性,眼睛晶状体组织MDH可作为鉴定达氏鲟种质的特征生化遗传参数。本研究可为达氏鲟增殖放流中种质鉴定提供一定的理论依据。
The purpose of this paper was to study the morphological characteristics and biochemical genetics characteristics of juvenile Acipenser dabryanus,and to provide a theoretical basis for germplasm identification.A traditional morphological method was used to determine the measurable and countable traits of the experimental fish samples.Analysis of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) and malate dehydrogenase(MDH) in four tissues(heart,eye lens,muscle and liver) from 30 Acipenser dabryanus by vertical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.Our results were shown:1)The major morphological characteristics of the juvenile Acipenser dabryanus were as follows:smaller head,wedge-shaped,lower mouth.The back,body side,and abdomen had 5 rows of bone plates,the upper leaves of Y-shaped caudal fin were longer than lower leaves.The fin was dorsal fin D.43—45 and anal fin A.25—39.Left side of the first lateral arch is 24—43;2) The number of LDH bands in heart,eye lens,muscle and liver of the juvenile Acipenser dabryanus were 7—9,2—6,4—7 and 7 respectively,the number of MDH bands in 4 tissues was all 5.While there were no s-MDH were detected in 4 tissues.Two kinds of isozymes system of Acipenser dabryanus were tissue specificity.The MDH isozymes in eye lens could be used as the biochemical genetic marker of Acipenser dabryanus.This research provided a theoretical basis for the germplasm identification in the proliferation and release of Acipenser dabryanus.
The purpose of this paper was to study the morphological characteristics and biochemical genetics characteristics of juvenile Acipenser dabryanus,and to provide a theoretical basis for germplasm identification.A traditional morphological method was used to determine the measurable and countable traits of the experimental fish samples.Analysis of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) and malate dehydrogenase(MDH) in four tissues(heart,eye lens,muscle and liver) from 30 Acipenser dabryanus by vertical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.Our results were shown:1)The major morphological characteristics of the juvenile Acipenser dabryanus were as follows:smaller head,wedge-shaped,lower mouth.The back,body side,and abdomen had 5 rows of bone plates,the upper leaves of Y-shaped caudal fin were longer than lower leaves.The fin was dorsal fin D.43—45 and anal fin A.25—39.Left side of the first lateral arch is 24—43;2) The number of LDH bands in heart,eye lens,muscle and liver of the juvenile Acipenser dabryanus were 7—9,2—6,4—7 and 7 respectively,the number of MDH bands in 4 tissues was all 5.While there were no s-MDH were detected in 4 tissues.Two kinds of isozymes system of Acipenser dabryanus were tissue specificity.The MDH isozymes in eye lens could be used as the biochemical genetic marker of Acipenser dabryanus.This research provided a theoretical basis for the germplasm identification in the proliferation and release of Acipenser dabryanus.
引文
[1]陈细华.鲟形目鱼类生物学与资源现状[M].北京:海洋出版社,2007:53-57.
[2]危起伟,杨德国.中国鲟鱼的保护、管理与产业化[J].淡水渔业,2003,33(3):3-7.
[3]Zhang H,Wei Q W,Du H,et al.Present status and risk for extinction of the Dabry's sturgeon(Acipenser dabryanus)in the Yangtze River watershed:a concern for intensified rehabilitation needs[J].J Appl Ichthyol,2011,27(2):181-185.
[4]丁严冬,藏雪,张国松,等.河川沙塘鳢4个不同地理群体的形态差异分析[J].海洋渔业,2015,37(1):24-30.
[5]冯为慧,官少飞,欧阳敏.刺鲃同工酶的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(7):4029-4031.
[6]Goli A,Diana R R,Roberto C R,et al.Genetics diversity of two Philippine native freshwater goby species(Perciformes:Gobiidae):implications for conservation[J].Aquatic Conserv:Mar Freshw Ecosyst,2014,24(5):592-600.
[7]杜军,赵刚,龚全,等.达氏鲟亲鱼池塘人工培育试验[J].西南农业学报,2009,22(3):824-827.
[8]龚全,刘亚,赖见生,等.不同开口饵料对达氏鲟鱼苗生长的影响[J].西南农业学报,2015,28(5):2297-2300.
[9]李创举,单喜双,岳华梅,等.GH重组蛋白对达氏鲟生长、血液生化和体组成的影响[J].水生生物学报,2016,40(6):1106-1113.
[10]颉璇,厉萍,席萌丹,等.达氏鲟精巢细胞消化分离和超低温冷冻保存[J].淡水渔业,2016,46(5):19-24.
[11]周波,卢华,徐飞,等.温度对达氏鲟幼鱼耗氧率的影响[J].西南农业学报,2014,27(5):2236-2239.
[12]褚志鹏,危起伟,杜浩,等.不同糖源对达氏鲟幼鱼生长、体成分及生理生化指标的影响[J].中国水产科学,2017,24(2):284-294.
[13]龚全,赵刚,杜军,等.达氏鲟肌肉营养成分分析[J].西南农业学报,2012,25(6):2372-2375.
[14]张磊,危起伟,张书环,等.饲料蛋白水平对达氏鲟幼鱼生长性能、体组成、消化酶活性以及血液生化指标的影响[J].淡水渔业,2016,46(6):79-85.
[15]杜浩,冷小茜,张书环,等.达氏鲟gdf11基因c DNA的克隆及组织表达特征分析[J].淡水渔业,2017,47(1):30-34.
[16]单喜双,岳华梅,陈细华,等.达氏鲟生长激素基因c D-NA克隆、表达及免疫荧光定位研究[J].水生生物学报,2015,39(2):307-314.
[17]李薇,李久煊,荆慧芳,等.基于高通量测序的达氏鲟微卫星标记筛选[J].动物学杂志,2017,52(3):449-457.
[18]史玲玲,危起伟,柴毅,等.达氏鲟视网膜早期发育及其相关机能[J].中国水产科学,2013,20(5):958-967.
[19]刘亚,龚全,李强,等.全人工繁殖达氏鲟胚胎发育的形态学和组织学观察[J].西南农业学报,2017,30(7):1686-1692.
[20]张涛,陈建武,张林,等.赤眼鳟形态特征及其两种同工酶的组织特异性分析[J].南方农业学报,2017,48(12):2281-2287.
[21]余来宁,夏小平,杨东,等.草鱼♀×鱤♂杂交F1代同工酶和蛋白质的电泳分析[J].安徽农业科学,2014,42(30):10573-10575.
[22]孟彦,张燕,许映芳,等.月鳢和乌鳢同工酶的比较[J].安徽农业科学,2009,37(27):12951-12952.
[23]四川省水产资源调查组.长江鲟鱼类生物学及人工繁殖的研究[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,1988:207-215.
[24]孙晓明,孟庆闻.鲢、鳙滤食及消化器官的发育、构造与食性的相互关系[J].水产学报,1992,16(3):202-212.
[25]刘焕亮,丁守河,杨云龙,等.尼罗罗非鱼摄食器官胚后发育生物学[J].水产学报,1994,18(1):8-17.
[26]龙华,邓怀,邹世平.欧洲鳗与日本鳗的同工酶鉴别研究[J].湖北农学院学报,2000,20(1):68-71.
[27]唐章生.巴西鲷乳酸脱氢酶同工酶的初步研究[J].水利渔业,2001,21(4):14-16.
[28]蒋晓华,昝瑞光,谷甦.云南滇池高背鲫鱼乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)同工酶发育遗传学分析[J].西南农业学报,1996,9(4):53-57.
[29]余敏,杨正荣,曾琳,等.云南高背鲫鱼不同组织同工酶分析[J].动物学杂志,2006,41(6):97-103.
[30]薛俊增.患“抖抖病”中华绒螯蟹可溶性蛋白质和同工酶分析[J].动物学杂志,2002,37(2):17-21.
[31]贾守菊,应雪萍,陈艳乐,等.中华绒螯蟹不同发育阶段腹肢粘液腺同工酶的比较[J].海洋湖沼通报,2004(4):52-60.
[32]黄孝湘,李建华,杨明生,等.不同水域中克氏原螯虾主要组织的LDH同工酶分析[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(25):12536-12538.
[33]孙志禹,张敏,陈永柏.水电开发背景下长江上游保护区珍稀特有鱼类保护实践[J].淡水渔业,2014,44(6):3-8.
[34]张书环,杨焕超,辛苗苗,等.长江江苏溆浦段2015年发现中华鲟野生幼鱼的形态和分子鉴定[J].中国水产科学,2016,23(1):1-9.
[33]吴艺,孙中武,王宏伟,等.史氏鲟、西伯利亚鲟及其杂交种的同工酶分析[J].水产学杂志,2008,21(1):59-63.
[34]尹洪滨,孙中武,吴艺.史氏鲟、西伯利亚鲟及其杂交种群体生化遗传学分析[J].水产学杂志,2010,23(3):21-25.
[35]郑蓓蓓,邹桂伟,王朝明,等.大口鲇与鲇及其杂种F1的蛋白质和同工酶电泳图谱的比较[J].华中农业大学学报,2006,25(3):281-285.
[2]危起伟,杨德国.中国鲟鱼的保护、管理与产业化[J].淡水渔业,2003,33(3):3-7.
[3]Zhang H,Wei Q W,Du H,et al.Present status and risk for extinction of the Dabry's sturgeon(Acipenser dabryanus)in the Yangtze River watershed:a concern for intensified rehabilitation needs[J].J Appl Ichthyol,2011,27(2):181-185.
[4]丁严冬,藏雪,张国松,等.河川沙塘鳢4个不同地理群体的形态差异分析[J].海洋渔业,2015,37(1):24-30.
[5]冯为慧,官少飞,欧阳敏.刺鲃同工酶的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(7):4029-4031.
[6]Goli A,Diana R R,Roberto C R,et al.Genetics diversity of two Philippine native freshwater goby species(Perciformes:Gobiidae):implications for conservation[J].Aquatic Conserv:Mar Freshw Ecosyst,2014,24(5):592-600.
[7]杜军,赵刚,龚全,等.达氏鲟亲鱼池塘人工培育试验[J].西南农业学报,2009,22(3):824-827.
[8]龚全,刘亚,赖见生,等.不同开口饵料对达氏鲟鱼苗生长的影响[J].西南农业学报,2015,28(5):2297-2300.
[9]李创举,单喜双,岳华梅,等.GH重组蛋白对达氏鲟生长、血液生化和体组成的影响[J].水生生物学报,2016,40(6):1106-1113.
[10]颉璇,厉萍,席萌丹,等.达氏鲟精巢细胞消化分离和超低温冷冻保存[J].淡水渔业,2016,46(5):19-24.
[11]周波,卢华,徐飞,等.温度对达氏鲟幼鱼耗氧率的影响[J].西南农业学报,2014,27(5):2236-2239.
[12]褚志鹏,危起伟,杜浩,等.不同糖源对达氏鲟幼鱼生长、体成分及生理生化指标的影响[J].中国水产科学,2017,24(2):284-294.
[13]龚全,赵刚,杜军,等.达氏鲟肌肉营养成分分析[J].西南农业学报,2012,25(6):2372-2375.
[14]张磊,危起伟,张书环,等.饲料蛋白水平对达氏鲟幼鱼生长性能、体组成、消化酶活性以及血液生化指标的影响[J].淡水渔业,2016,46(6):79-85.
[15]杜浩,冷小茜,张书环,等.达氏鲟gdf11基因c DNA的克隆及组织表达特征分析[J].淡水渔业,2017,47(1):30-34.
[16]单喜双,岳华梅,陈细华,等.达氏鲟生长激素基因c D-NA克隆、表达及免疫荧光定位研究[J].水生生物学报,2015,39(2):307-314.
[17]李薇,李久煊,荆慧芳,等.基于高通量测序的达氏鲟微卫星标记筛选[J].动物学杂志,2017,52(3):449-457.
[18]史玲玲,危起伟,柴毅,等.达氏鲟视网膜早期发育及其相关机能[J].中国水产科学,2013,20(5):958-967.
[19]刘亚,龚全,李强,等.全人工繁殖达氏鲟胚胎发育的形态学和组织学观察[J].西南农业学报,2017,30(7):1686-1692.
[20]张涛,陈建武,张林,等.赤眼鳟形态特征及其两种同工酶的组织特异性分析[J].南方农业学报,2017,48(12):2281-2287.
[21]余来宁,夏小平,杨东,等.草鱼♀×鱤♂杂交F1代同工酶和蛋白质的电泳分析[J].安徽农业科学,2014,42(30):10573-10575.
[22]孟彦,张燕,许映芳,等.月鳢和乌鳢同工酶的比较[J].安徽农业科学,2009,37(27):12951-12952.
[23]四川省水产资源调查组.长江鲟鱼类生物学及人工繁殖的研究[M].成都:四川科学技术出版社,1988:207-215.
[24]孙晓明,孟庆闻.鲢、鳙滤食及消化器官的发育、构造与食性的相互关系[J].水产学报,1992,16(3):202-212.
[25]刘焕亮,丁守河,杨云龙,等.尼罗罗非鱼摄食器官胚后发育生物学[J].水产学报,1994,18(1):8-17.
[26]龙华,邓怀,邹世平.欧洲鳗与日本鳗的同工酶鉴别研究[J].湖北农学院学报,2000,20(1):68-71.
[27]唐章生.巴西鲷乳酸脱氢酶同工酶的初步研究[J].水利渔业,2001,21(4):14-16.
[28]蒋晓华,昝瑞光,谷甦.云南滇池高背鲫鱼乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)同工酶发育遗传学分析[J].西南农业学报,1996,9(4):53-57.
[29]余敏,杨正荣,曾琳,等.云南高背鲫鱼不同组织同工酶分析[J].动物学杂志,2006,41(6):97-103.
[30]薛俊增.患“抖抖病”中华绒螯蟹可溶性蛋白质和同工酶分析[J].动物学杂志,2002,37(2):17-21.
[31]贾守菊,应雪萍,陈艳乐,等.中华绒螯蟹不同发育阶段腹肢粘液腺同工酶的比较[J].海洋湖沼通报,2004(4):52-60.
[32]黄孝湘,李建华,杨明生,等.不同水域中克氏原螯虾主要组织的LDH同工酶分析[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(25):12536-12538.
[33]孙志禹,张敏,陈永柏.水电开发背景下长江上游保护区珍稀特有鱼类保护实践[J].淡水渔业,2014,44(6):3-8.
[34]张书环,杨焕超,辛苗苗,等.长江江苏溆浦段2015年发现中华鲟野生幼鱼的形态和分子鉴定[J].中国水产科学,2016,23(1):1-9.
[33]吴艺,孙中武,王宏伟,等.史氏鲟、西伯利亚鲟及其杂交种的同工酶分析[J].水产学杂志,2008,21(1):59-63.
[34]尹洪滨,孙中武,吴艺.史氏鲟、西伯利亚鲟及其杂交种群体生化遗传学分析[J].水产学杂志,2010,23(3):21-25.
[35]郑蓓蓓,邹桂伟,王朝明,等.大口鲇与鲇及其杂种F1的蛋白质和同工酶电泳图谱的比较[J].华中农业大学学报,2006,25(3):281-285.