高原多年冻土区隧道浅埋段热棒群防护工程效果评价
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摘要
以G214公路高原多年冻土区姜路岭隧道浅埋段热棒群防护工程为例,通过对隧道天然工况下和热棒群防护下的隧道围岩地温变化特征及冻融圈变化规律的研究,评价了利用热棒群对高原多年冻土区隧道浅埋段进行主动热防护的工程效果。研究表明:天然工况下隧道施工产生的冻融圈范围大于2.2 m;冻融圈回冻时间大于4 a;在热棒群防护下姜路岭隧道出口左洞洞侧人为冻土上限抬高0.5 m;隧道洞顶冻融圈的回冻时间为1 a,洞侧冻融圈回冻时间为2~3 a;地温总体上呈现出类似于正余弦曲线的变化形式,暖季地温较大,寒季地温相对较小,且随着时间推移,同期地温在逐渐降低;评价认为利用热棒群对多年冻土区隧道浅埋段进行主动热防护可以快速消除施工给隧道冻土围岩带来的热干扰,维持洞周冻土围岩的稳定,同时在洞周形成冻土防渗帷幕,阻隔冻结层上水向隧道结构方向的渗入,是一种有效保护隧道多年冻土环境的工程措施。
Taking the protective engineering of thermal probe group in shallow buried section of Jiangluling tunnel in Road G214 in plateau permafrost regions as an example,based on the study of the characteristics of the ground temperature change and the change of the freezing thawing circle under both the natural condition of the tunnel and the protection of the thermal probe group,the engineering effect of using thermal probe group to initiate active thermal protection on shallow buried section of tunnel in plateau permafrost regions was evaluated. The research shows that,under natural conditions,the range of freeze-thawing circle caused by tunnel construction is larger than 2.2 meters,and the refreezing time is more than 4 years. Under the protection of the thermal probe group,in Jiangluling tunnel left exit hole,the artificial permafrost upper limit evaluates elevate 0.5 meter,and the refreezing time of freezing thawing circle in tunnel top area is 1 year,while its counterpart in surrounding area is 2–3 years. The ground temperature variation is overall similar to the sine and cosine curve. Specifically,the ground temperature is relatively high in warm season and low in cold season,and it decreases in the corresponding period every year with time going by. Elevation results show that,utilizing thermal probe group to initiate active thermal protection on shallow buried section of tunnel in permafrost regions is an effective engineering measure to protect the permafrost environment of the tunnel. It can quickly erase the thermal interference on the permafrost surrounding rock of the tunnel caused by construction and maintain the stability of the permafrost surrounding rock,simultaneously create frost proof curtain on the surrounding rock to reduce to tunnel structure,revent the water above frozen layer from infiltrating into the tunnel structure.
Taking the protective engineering of thermal probe group in shallow buried section of Jiangluling tunnel in Road G214 in plateau permafrost regions as an example,based on the study of the characteristics of the ground temperature change and the change of the freezing thawing circle under both the natural condition of the tunnel and the protection of the thermal probe group,the engineering effect of using thermal probe group to initiate active thermal protection on shallow buried section of tunnel in plateau permafrost regions was evaluated. The research shows that,under natural conditions,the range of freeze-thawing circle caused by tunnel construction is larger than 2.2 meters,and the refreezing time is more than 4 years. Under the protection of the thermal probe group,in Jiangluling tunnel left exit hole,the artificial permafrost upper limit evaluates elevate 0.5 meter,and the refreezing time of freezing thawing circle in tunnel top area is 1 year,while its counterpart in surrounding area is 2–3 years. The ground temperature variation is overall similar to the sine and cosine curve. Specifically,the ground temperature is relatively high in warm season and low in cold season,and it decreases in the corresponding period every year with time going by. Elevation results show that,utilizing thermal probe group to initiate active thermal protection on shallow buried section of tunnel in permafrost regions is an effective engineering measure to protect the permafrost environment of the tunnel. It can quickly erase the thermal interference on the permafrost surrounding rock of the tunnel caused by construction and maintain the stability of the permafrost surrounding rock,simultaneously create frost proof curtain on the surrounding rock to reduce to tunnel structure,revent the water above frozen layer from infiltrating into the tunnel structure.
引文
[1]刘锟,蔡汉成,李奋.热棒群在多年冻土区隧道浅埋段防护中的应用[J].铁道工程学报,2013,9(9):60–64.(LIU Kun,CAI Hancheng,LI Fen.Application of thermal probe group in protection of shallow section of tunnel in permafrost area[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2013,9(9):60–64.(in Chinese))
[2]刘小刚.青藏铁路多年冻土隧道隔热保温研究[J].隧道建设,2010,30(3):225–230.(LIU Xiaogang.Study on thermal insulation of tunnels in permafrost soil on Qinghai-Tibet Railway[J].Tunnel Construction,2010,30(3):225–230.(in Chinese))
[3]叶秀玺.寒区隧道冻害防治技术研究[硕士学位论文][D].西安:长安大学,2010.(YE Xiuxi.Study on freezing damage prevention technics cold region tunnels[M.S.Thesis][D].Xi'an:Chang'an University,2010.(in Chinese))
[4]黄双林.昆仑山隧道施工期间围岩冻融圈的初步研究[J].冰川冻土,2003,29(增1):100–103.(HUANG Shuanglin.Study on the active ring of permafrost in the Kunlunshan tunnel during tunneling[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2003,29(Supp.1):100–103.(in Chinese))
[5]庄骏.热管技术及其工程应用[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2000:55–60.(ZHUANG Jun.Heat pipe technology and its application in Engineering[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2000:55–60.(in Chinese))
[6]崔托维奇H A.冻土力学[M].张长庆,朱元林,译.北京:科学出版社,1985:152–203.(TSYTOVICH HA.Mechanics of frozen soil[M].Translated by ZHANG Changqing,ZHU Yuanlin.Beijing:Science Press,1985:152–203.(in Chinese))
[7]铁道部第三勘测设计院.冻土工程[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2002:229–257.(Third Railway Survey and Design Institute.Frozensoil engineering[M].Beijing:China Railway Press,2002:229–257.(in Chinese))
[8]徐兵魁.多年冻土区热棒路基设计计算[硕士学位论文][D].北京:中国铁道科学研究院,2005.(XU Bingkui.Design calculation of heatpipe subgrade in permafrost regions[M.S.Thesis][D].Beijing:China Academy of Railway Science,2005.(in Chinese))
[9]丁靖康.多年冻土与铁路工程[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2011:168–177.(DING Jingkang.Permafrost and railway engineering[M].Beijing:China Railway Press,2011:168–177.(in Chinese))
[10]杨永平.热管技术及其在青藏铁路多年冻土路基稳定性中的应用研究[博士学位论文][D].北京:北京交通大学,2004.(YANG Yongping.Thermal tube technique and its application in subgrade stability in permafrost area along Qinghai—Tibet Railway[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2004.(in Chinese))
[11]李永强.热棒在冻土路基中的应用试验研究[R].兰州:中铁西北科学研究院有限公司,2006.(LI Yongqiang.Application and experimental research of thermal probes in permafrost subgrade[R].Lanzhou:Northwest Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,China Railway Engineering Corporation,2006.(in Chinese))
[12]李永强.热棒在青藏高原风火山地区的实测效果分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(增2):2 669–2 672.(LI Yongqiang.Analysis on measurement result of probes in Fenghuoshan area on Qinghai—Tibet plateau[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(Supp.2):2 669–2 672.(in Chinese))
[13]曹元平.热棒在青藏铁路试验段中的应用[J].路基工程,2003,(6):31–34.(CAO Yuanping.Application of heat club in test section on Qinghai—Tibet railway[J].Subgrade Engineering,2003,(6):31–34.(in Chinese))
[14]蒋代军,刘德仁,夏琼.青藏铁路多年冻土地基输电塔热棒桩基稳定性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,14(7):125–126.(JIANG Daijun,LIU Deren,XIA Qiong.Experimental study of stability of piled foundation with thermosyphons of power transmission tower transmission along Qinghai—Tibet railway in permafrost regions[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,14(7):125–126.(in Chinese))
[15]郭宏新,吴青柏,张鲁新.寒冷地区热棒技术的研究与应用[J].冰川冻土,2009,31(6):1 137–1 141.(GUO Hongxin,WU Qingbai,ZHANG Luxin.The thermosyphon technology in cold regions:application and research[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2009,31(6):1 137–1 141.(in Chinese))
[2]刘小刚.青藏铁路多年冻土隧道隔热保温研究[J].隧道建设,2010,30(3):225–230.(LIU Xiaogang.Study on thermal insulation of tunnels in permafrost soil on Qinghai-Tibet Railway[J].Tunnel Construction,2010,30(3):225–230.(in Chinese))
[3]叶秀玺.寒区隧道冻害防治技术研究[硕士学位论文][D].西安:长安大学,2010.(YE Xiuxi.Study on freezing damage prevention technics cold region tunnels[M.S.Thesis][D].Xi'an:Chang'an University,2010.(in Chinese))
[4]黄双林.昆仑山隧道施工期间围岩冻融圈的初步研究[J].冰川冻土,2003,29(增1):100–103.(HUANG Shuanglin.Study on the active ring of permafrost in the Kunlunshan tunnel during tunneling[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2003,29(Supp.1):100–103.(in Chinese))
[5]庄骏.热管技术及其工程应用[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2000:55–60.(ZHUANG Jun.Heat pipe technology and its application in Engineering[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2000:55–60.(in Chinese))
[6]崔托维奇H A.冻土力学[M].张长庆,朱元林,译.北京:科学出版社,1985:152–203.(TSYTOVICH HA.Mechanics of frozen soil[M].Translated by ZHANG Changqing,ZHU Yuanlin.Beijing:Science Press,1985:152–203.(in Chinese))
[7]铁道部第三勘测设计院.冻土工程[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2002:229–257.(Third Railway Survey and Design Institute.Frozensoil engineering[M].Beijing:China Railway Press,2002:229–257.(in Chinese))
[8]徐兵魁.多年冻土区热棒路基设计计算[硕士学位论文][D].北京:中国铁道科学研究院,2005.(XU Bingkui.Design calculation of heatpipe subgrade in permafrost regions[M.S.Thesis][D].Beijing:China Academy of Railway Science,2005.(in Chinese))
[9]丁靖康.多年冻土与铁路工程[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,2011:168–177.(DING Jingkang.Permafrost and railway engineering[M].Beijing:China Railway Press,2011:168–177.(in Chinese))
[10]杨永平.热管技术及其在青藏铁路多年冻土路基稳定性中的应用研究[博士学位论文][D].北京:北京交通大学,2004.(YANG Yongping.Thermal tube technique and its application in subgrade stability in permafrost area along Qinghai—Tibet Railway[Ph.D.Thesis][D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2004.(in Chinese))
[11]李永强.热棒在冻土路基中的应用试验研究[R].兰州:中铁西北科学研究院有限公司,2006.(LI Yongqiang.Application and experimental research of thermal probes in permafrost subgrade[R].Lanzhou:Northwest Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,China Railway Engineering Corporation,2006.(in Chinese))
[12]李永强.热棒在青藏高原风火山地区的实测效果分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(增2):2 669–2 672.(LI Yongqiang.Analysis on measurement result of probes in Fenghuoshan area on Qinghai—Tibet plateau[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(Supp.2):2 669–2 672.(in Chinese))
[13]曹元平.热棒在青藏铁路试验段中的应用[J].路基工程,2003,(6):31–34.(CAO Yuanping.Application of heat club in test section on Qinghai—Tibet railway[J].Subgrade Engineering,2003,(6):31–34.(in Chinese))
[14]蒋代军,刘德仁,夏琼.青藏铁路多年冻土地基输电塔热棒桩基稳定性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,14(7):125–126.(JIANG Daijun,LIU Deren,XIA Qiong.Experimental study of stability of piled foundation with thermosyphons of power transmission tower transmission along Qinghai—Tibet railway in permafrost regions[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,14(7):125–126.(in Chinese))
[15]郭宏新,吴青柏,张鲁新.寒冷地区热棒技术的研究与应用[J].冰川冻土,2009,31(6):1 137–1 141.(GUO Hongxin,WU Qingbai,ZHANG Luxin.The thermosyphon technology in cold regions:application and research[J].Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology,2009,31(6):1 137–1 141.(in Chinese))