乡村复兴中祭祖地方情感回归研究——以韩城党家村为例
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摘要
乡村复兴的根本在于乡村社会、政治、文化的复兴。而当今社会变化发展的大环境中,中国乡村文化衰落问题日益凸显。通过回顾祭祖文化与地方情感的相关文献,选取具有代表性的陕西韩城党家村作为研究对象,运用文本分析法和访谈法对乡村、祭祖文化和地方情感之间的关联度进行分析,结果表明祭祖文化是乡村文化的核心体现,且祭祖公共空间随着经济市场化发展在逐渐消失;祭祖行为主体由集体到个人;仪式由繁到简,其本质揭示出中国传统文化的衰败及地方情感依恋的减弱。最后对祭祖情感变迁3个层面的原因分析梳理,提出了祭祖文化地方情感回归的建议。
The root of rural rejuvenation lies in the revival of rural society,politics,and culture.But,in the current environment of social change and development,the decline of Chinese rural culture has become increasingly prominent.By reviewing the related literatures of ancestor culture and local emotions,the representative Dangjia Village of Hancheng was selected as the research object.this paper analyzes the relationship between the village,the ancestral culture and the local emotions by applying the method of text analysis and interviews.It is found that the ancestral culture is the core embodiment of the rural culture.With the development of the economic marketization the ancestral public space gradually disappears,and the main body of ancestor worship is from collective to individual,and the ritual is from the complex to the simple.It reveals the decline of Chinese traditional culture and the weakening of local emotional attachment.Finally,it analyzes the reasons for the three levels of the ancestor's emotional changes,and puts forward some suggestions for the return of the ancestral culture.
The root of rural rejuvenation lies in the revival of rural society,politics,and culture.But,in the current environment of social change and development,the decline of Chinese rural culture has become increasingly prominent.By reviewing the related literatures of ancestor culture and local emotions,the representative Dangjia Village of Hancheng was selected as the research object.this paper analyzes the relationship between the village,the ancestral culture and the local emotions by applying the method of text analysis and interviews.It is found that the ancestral culture is the core embodiment of the rural culture.With the development of the economic marketization the ancestral public space gradually disappears,and the main body of ancestor worship is from collective to individual,and the ritual is from the complex to the simple.It reveals the decline of Chinese traditional culture and the weakening of local emotional attachment.Finally,it analyzes the reasons for the three levels of the ancestor's emotional changes,and puts forward some suggestions for the return of the ancestral culture.
引文
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[2]Crang M,Thrift N.Thinking Space[M].London:Routledge,2000.
[3]Davison J,Smith J.Emotion,space and society:Editorial introduction[J].Emotion,Space and Society,2008,1(1):1-3.
[4]Anderson K,Smith S J.Emotional geographies[M].Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers,2001,26(1):7-10.
[5]Richter M.“A country full of snow”:Spanish migrants in Switzerland and their engagement with places,memories,and personal migratory history[J].Emotion,Space and Society,2011,4(4):221-228.
[6]高权,钱俊希.“情感转向”视角下地方性重构研究——以广州猎德村为例[J].人文地理,2016,38(4):33-35.
[7]杨蓉,朱竑,李凡.冲突、协商与建构:西方死亡景观研究的文化地理学进展与启示[J].人文地理,2015,30(6):45-47.
[8]刘沛林,董双双.中国古村落景观的空间意象研究[J].地理研究,1998,17(1):31-37.
[9]吴晓斐.乡村文化构成因素分析及建设路径——以粤东客家地区乡村为例[J].南方论刊,2017(6):75-77.
[10]侯海坤.村阈视野下的祭祀与家族——基于华北地区北村春节期间祭祖仪式的个案研究[J].青海民族大学学报:社会科学版,2014,40(1):133-142.
[11]余彪.社会空间视角下的村落变迁与社区重建——对粤北客家农村“祖厅”的考察[J].华中农业大学学报:社会科学版,2016(5):77-84;146.
[12]萧放,邵凤丽.祖先祭祀与乡土文化传承——以浙江松阳江南叶氏祭祖为例[J].社会治理,2018(4):70-77.
[13]李蕗,苏勤.国内外乡村意象研究进展[J].云南地理环境研究,2018,30(3):8-14.
[14]加芬芬.传统文化复兴与村庄文化功能优化[J].探索,2019(2):181-192.
[15]张园林,刘玉亭,权东计.关中地区乡村公共空间的演变特征及其机制研究[J].地域研究与开发,2018,37(4):150-155.
[16]朱竑,高权.西方地理学“情感转向”与情感地理学研究述评[J].地理研究,2015,34(7):1394-1406.
[17]王凤,马玉玲,乔家君.中心城市对农村空心化格局影响的尺度效应——以河南省为例[J].地域研究与开发,2018,37(3):132-137.
[18]耿羽.祭祖习俗的变迁:从“崇拜”到“纪念”——基于福建侯村的考察[J].民间文化论坛,2011(5):99-103.
[19]杨丽娟.“寻根祭祖”游的人类学解读:中国传统魂魄观的仪式化[J].旅游学刊,2007,22(11):66-69.
[20]谢东莉.人类学视角下的祖先崇拜研究述评[J].沧桑,2014(3):84-88.
[21]陈博.论中国古代信仰的发生及其人文转向[J].齐齐哈尔大学学报:哲学社会科学版,2016(2):21-23.
[22]高师宁.世俗化与宗教的未来[J].中国人民大学学报,2002,16(5):34-38.
[23]贾梦婷,靳亦冰.乡村复兴探索——以台北市竹子湖地区乡村聚落为例[J].华中建筑,2005,36(6):14-18.
[24]卫泽.转型期视域下祭祖文化的变迁[D].沈阳:辽宁大学,2015.