转基因技术的“深”技术特征分析
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摘要
相比于孟德尔遗传学,分子遗传学具有更强的解释力和更深的解释层次,是"深"理论;相比于杂交技术,转基因技术实现了对自然物种的"高"干预和"强"控制,已经对自然物种造成了本体论影响;相比于杂交作物,转基因作物具有"极高"的人工性、"极低"的自然性,已经是整个的人工生命了。因此,从技术的科学根源、技术控制自然的"强"度、技术人工物的人工性看,转基因技术具有"深"技术的本质特征。
Compared to Mendel genetics,molecular genetics has stronger explanatory power and deeper explanatory level,which is"deep"theory; compared to hybridization technology,GM technology achieves"high"intervention and"strong "control to natural species,which has already had an ontological impact to natural species; compared to hybridization crop,GM crop has a"higher"artefacticity and"lower"naturality,which is already whole artificial life. So GM technology has the essential characteristics of deep technology from the scientific root of technology,the strength of technology control to nature,the artefacticity of technical artefact.
Compared to Mendel genetics,molecular genetics has stronger explanatory power and deeper explanatory level,which is"deep"theory; compared to hybridization technology,GM technology achieves"high"intervention and"strong "control to natural species,which has already had an ontological impact to natural species; compared to hybridization crop,GM crop has a"higher"artefacticity and"lower"naturality,which is already whole artificial life. So GM technology has the essential characteristics of deep technology from the scientific root of technology,the strength of technology control to nature,the artefacticity of technical artefact.
引文
[1]陆群峰,肖显静.转基因作物环境风险争论综述[J].山东科技大学学报(社会科学版),2009(5):8-15.
[2]Keekok Lee.The Natural and The Artefactual:The Implications of Deep Science and Deep Technology for Environmental Philosophy[M].Lanham,Md.:Lexington Books,1999.
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[7][加]莫汉·马修,[美]克里斯托弗·斯蒂芬斯.生物学哲学[M].赵斌,译.北京:北京师范大学出版社,2015:336.
[8]郭贵春,赵斌.生物学理论基础的语义分析[J].中国社会科学,2010(2):15-27.
[9]赵斌,遗传与还原的语境解读[J],哲学研究,2010(8):96-101,108.
[10][法]亨利·柏格森.创造进化论[M].姜志辉,译.北京:商务印书馆,2004:117-118.
[11][美]汉娜·阿伦特.人的境况[M].王演丽,译.上海:上海世纪出版集团,2009.
[12]Keekok Lee.Homo Faber:The Unity of The History and Philosophy of Technology[C]//JKB Olsen,E Selinger,S Riis.New Waves in Philosophy of Technology.Palgrave Macmillan,2009.
[13]李伯聪.工程哲学引论[M].郑州:大象出版社,2002.
[14]李浙生.遗传学中的哲学问题[M].北京:中国社会科学出版社,2014:63.
[15]陆群峰.转基因技术的“强”促逼、“硬”座架特征分析——基于海德格尔的技术思想[J].科学技术哲学研究,2017(3):90-95.
[16][古希腊]亚里士多德.物理学[M].张竹明,译.北京:商务印书馆,2012:43.
[17][荷兰]彼得·克罗斯.物理学、实验和“自然”概念[C]//汉斯·拉德.科学实验哲学.吴彤,等译.北京:科学出版社,2015:61.
(1)这个词最早是由伯格森引入思想界的,阿伦特在《人的境况中》使用了这个词,有学者把其译为“技艺人”,也有学者把其译为“匠人”。
[2]Keekok Lee.The Natural and The Artefactual:The Implications of Deep Science and Deep Technology for Environmental Philosophy[M].Lanham,Md.:Lexington Books,1999.
[3][德]马丁·海德格尔.演讲与论文集[M].孙周兴,译.北京:生活.读书.新知三联书店,2005:12.
[4]Keekok Lee.Philosophy and Revolutions in Genetics:Deep Science and Deep Technology[M].New York:Palgrave Macmillan,2003.
[5]Garland E.Allen.Life Science in The Twentieth Century[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1979:190.
[6]Sahotra Sarkar.Genetics and reductionism[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1998:166.
[7][加]莫汉·马修,[美]克里斯托弗·斯蒂芬斯.生物学哲学[M].赵斌,译.北京:北京师范大学出版社,2015:336.
[8]郭贵春,赵斌.生物学理论基础的语义分析[J].中国社会科学,2010(2):15-27.
[9]赵斌,遗传与还原的语境解读[J],哲学研究,2010(8):96-101,108.
[10][法]亨利·柏格森.创造进化论[M].姜志辉,译.北京:商务印书馆,2004:117-118.
[11][美]汉娜·阿伦特.人的境况[M].王演丽,译.上海:上海世纪出版集团,2009.
[12]Keekok Lee.Homo Faber:The Unity of The History and Philosophy of Technology[C]//JKB Olsen,E Selinger,S Riis.New Waves in Philosophy of Technology.Palgrave Macmillan,2009.
[13]李伯聪.工程哲学引论[M].郑州:大象出版社,2002.
[14]李浙生.遗传学中的哲学问题[M].北京:中国社会科学出版社,2014:63.
[15]陆群峰.转基因技术的“强”促逼、“硬”座架特征分析——基于海德格尔的技术思想[J].科学技术哲学研究,2017(3):90-95.
[16][古希腊]亚里士多德.物理学[M].张竹明,译.北京:商务印书馆,2012:43.
[17][荷兰]彼得·克罗斯.物理学、实验和“自然”概念[C]//汉斯·拉德.科学实验哲学.吴彤,等译.北京:科学出版社,2015:61.
(1)这个词最早是由伯格森引入思想界的,阿伦特在《人的境况中》使用了这个词,有学者把其译为“技艺人”,也有学者把其译为“匠人”。