人造智能解读
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摘要
人造智能是技术人工物的一种新形态,从人类智能是具有生态自我的智能角度解读,人造智能虽然具有模仿、拓展和部分超越人类智能的功能,却没有达到人类智能的高度。分析了人造智能的工具特征、系统特征和智能特征以及人造智能的技术功能,讨论了人造智能向人类智能发展的障碍。
Artificial intelligence is a new form of technical artifacts. The human intelligence has an intelligence of ecological ego. Although the artificial intelligence has functions such as imitation,expansion and partly beyond human intelligence,it still does not reach the height of human intelligence. By analyzing the implemental,systematic and intellectual characteristics of the artificial intelligence,as well as the technical function of artificial intelligence,we discussed the obstacles to the development of artificial intelligence to human intelligence.
Artificial intelligence is a new form of technical artifacts. The human intelligence has an intelligence of ecological ego. Although the artificial intelligence has functions such as imitation,expansion and partly beyond human intelligence,it still does not reach the height of human intelligence. By analyzing the implemental,systematic and intellectual characteristics of the artificial intelligence,as well as the technical function of artificial intelligence,we discussed the obstacles to the development of artificial intelligence to human intelligence.
引文
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[16]胡虎,赵敏,宁振波,等.三体智能革命[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2016:14.
[17]DOTOV D G,LIN N,MATTHIEU M.Understanding affordances:history and contemporary development of Gibson’s central concept[EB/OL].Avant:pismo awangardy filozoficzno-naukowej.(2012-02-03)[2016-12-10].http:∥avant.edu.pl/wp-content/uploads/DDLNMWUnderstanding-affordances.pdf
(1)生态自我原本是奈斯(Neisser U)在深层生态学中提出的概念,指在自然生态层面研究自我。生态自我将自我的意义扩展到了生态,是自我向自然的延伸,自然成为自我的一部分。本文根据吉布森建立在有机体知觉行为与环境的生态关系,本文重新定义生态自我。所谓生态自我,即可以主动知觉与环境的生态关系的有机体,自动利用可供性的价值于行为,与环境协调相处的自我。
[2]胡虎,赵敏,宁振波.三体智能革命[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2016:7.
[3]BLOOMFIELD B P,LATHAN Y,VURDUBAKIS T.Bodies,technologies,and action possibilities:when is an affordance?[C]∥Sociology,2009,44(3):415-433.
[4]BUXTON W.The pragmatic of haptic input[EB/OL].(2013-02-01)[2017-04-01].https:∥www.researchgate.net/publication/242490042.
[5]芒福德.技术与文明[M].陈允明,王克仁,李华山,译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009:332.
[6]胡虎,赵敏,宁振波,等.三体智能革命[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2016:9.
[7]MORATZ R,TENBRINK T.Affordance-based human-robot interaction[C]∥ROME E,HERTZBERG J,DORFFNER G.Towards affordance-based robot control:international seminar.Berlin:Heidelberg University Press,2006(2):63-76.
[8]段永朝,姜奇平.新物种起源:互联网的思想基石[M].北京:商务印书馆,2012:19
[9]DETRY R,KRAFT D,KROEMER O,et al.Learning grasp affordance densities[J].Paladyn journal of behavioral robotics.2011,2(1):1-17.
[10]VYAS D,CRISTINA M,ALAN D.Organizational affordances:a structuration theory approach to affordances[EB/OL].Interacting with computers.(2016-03-08)[2017-01-12].https:∥www.researchgate.net/journal/0953-5438_Interacting_with_Computers
[11]DUCHON A,WARREN W,KAELBLING L.Ecological robotics[J].Adaptive behavior,1998,6(3):473-507.
[12]GIBSON J J.The optical expansion-pattern in aerial locomotion[J].American journal of psychology,1955,9(68):480-484.
[13]ROME E,HERTZBERG J,DORFFNER G.Towards affordance-based robot control[DB/OL].Lecture notes in computer science.(2006-06-09)[2016-12-11].https:∥www.researchgate.net/publication/230633980.
[14]OLIVER M.The problem with affordance[J].E-learning,2005,2(4):402-413.
[15]让·弗朗索瓦·利奥塔.非人:时间漫谈[M].罗国祥译.北京:商务印书馆,2000:13.
[16]胡虎,赵敏,宁振波,等.三体智能革命[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2016:14.
[17]DOTOV D G,LIN N,MATTHIEU M.Understanding affordances:history and contemporary development of Gibson’s central concept[EB/OL].Avant:pismo awangardy filozoficzno-naukowej.(2012-02-03)[2016-12-10].http:∥avant.edu.pl/wp-content/uploads/DDLNMWUnderstanding-affordances.pdf
(1)生态自我原本是奈斯(Neisser U)在深层生态学中提出的概念,指在自然生态层面研究自我。生态自我将自我的意义扩展到了生态,是自我向自然的延伸,自然成为自我的一部分。本文根据吉布森建立在有机体知觉行为与环境的生态关系,本文重新定义生态自我。所谓生态自我,即可以主动知觉与环境的生态关系的有机体,自动利用可供性的价值于行为,与环境协调相处的自我。