6种高寒牧区禾本科牧草抗旱性研究与评价
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摘要
本研究选择在高寒地区种植多年的6种禾本科牧草,对其进行种子萌发期和苗期抗旱性试验。用PEG模拟水分胁迫及连续干旱法来研究干旱胁迫对种子发芽率及种子幼苗期生理指标的影响,以此来综合评价六种禾本科牧草的抗旱性强弱。种子萌发期研究结果表明,5%的PEG浓度有效促进种子萌发,高PEG浓度显著抑制种子发芽率。经连续干旱胁迫法处理的苗期牧草,测定其相对含水量、丙二醛含量、可溶性糖含量和叶绿素含量四项生理指标。对两个时期隶属值综合分析可知,六种牧草的抗旱性强弱为:草原看麦娘(Alopecurus pratensis)>无芒雀麦(Bromus inermis)>同德短芒披碱草(Elymus breviaristatus)>同德贫花鹅观草(Roegneria pauciflora)>大颖草(Roegneria grandiglumis)>扁穗冰草(Agropyron cristatum)。
In this study,six forage grasses cultivated in alpine region were selected to evaluate their seed germination and seedling drought resistance.The effects of drought stress on physiological indexes of six grasses on seed germination and seedling stage were studied by PEG simulation of water stress and continuous drought.The main conclusions of this study were as follows:In seed germination period,low PEG concentration(5%)promoted seed germination,and high PEG concentration significantly inhibited seed germination rate.At the seedling stage,seedlings treated by successive drought and the relative water content,malondialdehyde content,soluble sugar content and chlorophyll content of the physiological indexes were measured.Two periods of membership value comprehensive analysis found that the drought resistance of six grasses was in following order:Alopecurus pratensis>Bromus inermis>Elymus breviaristatus>Roegneria pauciflora >Roegneria grandiglumis >Agropyron cristatum
In this study,six forage grasses cultivated in alpine region were selected to evaluate their seed germination and seedling drought resistance.The effects of drought stress on physiological indexes of six grasses on seed germination and seedling stage were studied by PEG simulation of water stress and continuous drought.The main conclusions of this study were as follows:In seed germination period,low PEG concentration(5%)promoted seed germination,and high PEG concentration significantly inhibited seed germination rate.At the seedling stage,seedlings treated by successive drought and the relative water content,malondialdehyde content,soluble sugar content and chlorophyll content of the physiological indexes were measured.Two periods of membership value comprehensive analysis found that the drought resistance of six grasses was in following order:Alopecurus pratensis>Bromus inermis>Elymus breviaristatus>Roegneria pauciflora >Roegneria grandiglumis >Agropyron cristatum
引文
[1]武维华.植物生理学[M].北京:北京科学出版社,2003
[2]梁国玲.羊茅属(Festuca L.)4种牧草抗旱耐寒性研究与评价[D].西宁:青海大学,2007:10-20
[3]王大明,颜红波.退牧还草改善草地生态环境[J].青海草业,2001(03):37-39
[4]刘迎春.人工草地放牧利用研究现状[J].四川草原,2005(5):6-9
[5]张丽娟,张淑艳,苏慧,等.几种冰草属植物种子萌发期及幼苗期抗旱性比较研究[J].哲里木畜牧学院学报,2000,10(4):1-7
[6]姚雅琴,汪沛洪,胡东维,等.水分胁迫下小麦叶肉细胞超微结构变化与抗旱性的关系[J].西北植物学报,1993(01):16-20+80-81
[7]Kaya M D,Ok?u G,Atak M,et al.Seed treatments to overcome salt and drought stress during germination in sunflower(Helianthus annuus L.)[J].European Journal of Agronomy,2006,24(4):291-295
[8]Jafar M Z,Farooq M,Cheema M A,et al.Improving the performance of wheat by seed priming under saline conditions[J].Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science,2012,198(1):38-45
[9]Farooq M,Irfan M,Aziz T,et al.Seed priming with ascorbic acid improves drought resistance of wheat[J].Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science,2013,199(1):12-22
[10]张美俊,杨武德,乔治军,等.不同糜子品种萌发期对干旱胁迫的响应及抗旱性评价[J].草地学报,2013,21(02):302-307
[11]石永红,万里强,刘建宁,等.干旱胁迫对6个坪用多年生黑麦草品种抗旱性的影响[J].草地学报,2009,17(01):52-57
[12]朱教君,李智辉,康宏樟,等.聚乙二醇模拟水分胁迫对沙地樟子松种子萌发影响研究[J].应用生态学报,2005(05):801-804
[13]施积炎,丁贵杰.水分胁迫对不同种源马尾松种子发芽的影响[J].山地农业生物学报,2000,19(5):332-337
[14]冯淑华,陈雅君.干旱对草地早熟禾种子萌发的影响[J].草地与草坪,2006(1):70-71
[15]郝再彬,苍晶,徐仲.植物生理实验[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2004,106-108
[16]李轶冰,杨顺强,任广鑫,等.低温处理下不同禾本科牧草的生理变化及其抗寒性比较[J].生态学报,2009,29(03):1341-1347
[17]付宝春,薄伟.玉簪抗旱性隶属函数及主成分分析[J].草地学报,2014,22(06):1324-1330
[18]石永红,万里强,刘建宁,等.多年生黑麦草抗旱性主成分及隶属函数分析[J].草地学报,2010,18(05):669-672
[19]张文辉,段宝利,周建云,等.不同种源栓皮栎幼苗叶片水分关系和保护酶活性对干旱胁迫的响应[J].植物生态学报,2004,28(4):483-490
[20]黎燕琼,刘兴良,郑绍伟,等.岷江上游干旱河谷四种灌木的抗旱生理动态变化[J].生态学报,2007,27(3):870-878
[21]吕德彬,杨建平.水分胁迫下不同小麦品种抗性反应与产量表现的相关关系[J].河南农业大学报,1994
[22]于卓,史绣华,孙祥.四种植物种子萌发及苗期抗旱性差异的研究[J].西北植物学报,1997,17(3):410-415
[23]皱琦.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000,159-173
[24]A.Blum,Bebi Sinmena,O.Ziv.An evaluation of seed and seedling drought tolerance screening tests in wheat[J].Euphytica,1980,29
[25]Sharma M L.Simulation of drought and its effect on germination of five pasture species[J].Agron.J,1973(65):982-987
[26]王颖,穆春生,王靖,等.松嫩草地主要豆科牧草种子萌发期耐旱性差异研究[J].中国草地学报,2006,28(1):7-12
[27]郭彦军,倪郁,吕俊,等.豆科牧草种子萌发特性与其抗旱性差异的研究[J].中国草地,2003,25(3):24-27
[28]李景欣,云锦凤,苏布道,等.几个不同种群冰草的抗旱性比较研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2004(05):163-167
[29]张卫红,刘大林,苗彦军,等.西藏3种野生牧草苗期对干旱胁迫的响应[J].生态学报,2017,37(21):7277-7285
[30]张力君,易津,贾光宏,等.9种禾草对干旱胁迫的生理反应[J].内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版),2000(04):14-19
[31]马宗仁,刘荣堂.牧草抗旱生理学[M].兰州:兰州大学出版社:47-48
[32]史晓霞,毛培春,张国芳.15份马蔺材料苗期抗旱性比较[J].草地学报,2007(4):353-358
[33]黄华.干旱胁迫条件下油松幼苗生长及抗旱性的研究[J].西北林学院学报,2004,19(2):1-4
[34]高宁,高辉远,石定燧,等.水分胁迫下两种草坪草的渗透调节与抗旱性的关系[J].中国草地,1995(04):44-48
[35]李雪莲,张国芳,谷艳蓉,等.4种多年生禾草苗期抗旱性的比较研究[J].四川草原,2005(01):13-15
[36]韩建民.抗旱性不同的水稻品种对渗透胁迫的反应及其与渗透调节的关系[J].河北农业大学学报,1990(01):17-21
[37]Perdomo P,J A Murphy,G A Berkowitz.Physiological changes associated with performance of Kentuck bluegrass cultivars during summer stress[J].Hor Science,1996(31):1182-1186
[38]辛国荣,董美玲,宋淑明.牧草抗旱性研究1水分胁迫下几种燕麦品种的一些生理生化变化及其与植物抗旱性关系的研究[J].草业科学,1996(05):52-57
[39]辛国荣,董美玲,宋淑明.牧草抗旱性研究2水分胁迫下8种燕麦品种的抗旱性综合评价[J].草业科学,1996(06):31-35
[40]温洋,孙吉雄,王代军.干旱胁迫对冷地型草坪草生理特性的研究[J].草原与草坪,2005,108(1):43-45
[41]张丽.平欧杂种榛抗盐碱生理机制研究及其耐盐性评价[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2015:3-8+52
[2]梁国玲.羊茅属(Festuca L.)4种牧草抗旱耐寒性研究与评价[D].西宁:青海大学,2007:10-20
[3]王大明,颜红波.退牧还草改善草地生态环境[J].青海草业,2001(03):37-39
[4]刘迎春.人工草地放牧利用研究现状[J].四川草原,2005(5):6-9
[5]张丽娟,张淑艳,苏慧,等.几种冰草属植物种子萌发期及幼苗期抗旱性比较研究[J].哲里木畜牧学院学报,2000,10(4):1-7
[6]姚雅琴,汪沛洪,胡东维,等.水分胁迫下小麦叶肉细胞超微结构变化与抗旱性的关系[J].西北植物学报,1993(01):16-20+80-81
[7]Kaya M D,Ok?u G,Atak M,et al.Seed treatments to overcome salt and drought stress during germination in sunflower(Helianthus annuus L.)[J].European Journal of Agronomy,2006,24(4):291-295
[8]Jafar M Z,Farooq M,Cheema M A,et al.Improving the performance of wheat by seed priming under saline conditions[J].Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science,2012,198(1):38-45
[9]Farooq M,Irfan M,Aziz T,et al.Seed priming with ascorbic acid improves drought resistance of wheat[J].Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science,2013,199(1):12-22
[10]张美俊,杨武德,乔治军,等.不同糜子品种萌发期对干旱胁迫的响应及抗旱性评价[J].草地学报,2013,21(02):302-307
[11]石永红,万里强,刘建宁,等.干旱胁迫对6个坪用多年生黑麦草品种抗旱性的影响[J].草地学报,2009,17(01):52-57
[12]朱教君,李智辉,康宏樟,等.聚乙二醇模拟水分胁迫对沙地樟子松种子萌发影响研究[J].应用生态学报,2005(05):801-804
[13]施积炎,丁贵杰.水分胁迫对不同种源马尾松种子发芽的影响[J].山地农业生物学报,2000,19(5):332-337
[14]冯淑华,陈雅君.干旱对草地早熟禾种子萌发的影响[J].草地与草坪,2006(1):70-71
[15]郝再彬,苍晶,徐仲.植物生理实验[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2004,106-108
[16]李轶冰,杨顺强,任广鑫,等.低温处理下不同禾本科牧草的生理变化及其抗寒性比较[J].生态学报,2009,29(03):1341-1347
[17]付宝春,薄伟.玉簪抗旱性隶属函数及主成分分析[J].草地学报,2014,22(06):1324-1330
[18]石永红,万里强,刘建宁,等.多年生黑麦草抗旱性主成分及隶属函数分析[J].草地学报,2010,18(05):669-672
[19]张文辉,段宝利,周建云,等.不同种源栓皮栎幼苗叶片水分关系和保护酶活性对干旱胁迫的响应[J].植物生态学报,2004,28(4):483-490
[20]黎燕琼,刘兴良,郑绍伟,等.岷江上游干旱河谷四种灌木的抗旱生理动态变化[J].生态学报,2007,27(3):870-878
[21]吕德彬,杨建平.水分胁迫下不同小麦品种抗性反应与产量表现的相关关系[J].河南农业大学报,1994
[22]于卓,史绣华,孙祥.四种植物种子萌发及苗期抗旱性差异的研究[J].西北植物学报,1997,17(3):410-415
[23]皱琦.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000,159-173
[24]A.Blum,Bebi Sinmena,O.Ziv.An evaluation of seed and seedling drought tolerance screening tests in wheat[J].Euphytica,1980,29
[25]Sharma M L.Simulation of drought and its effect on germination of five pasture species[J].Agron.J,1973(65):982-987
[26]王颖,穆春生,王靖,等.松嫩草地主要豆科牧草种子萌发期耐旱性差异研究[J].中国草地学报,2006,28(1):7-12
[27]郭彦军,倪郁,吕俊,等.豆科牧草种子萌发特性与其抗旱性差异的研究[J].中国草地,2003,25(3):24-27
[28]李景欣,云锦凤,苏布道,等.几个不同种群冰草的抗旱性比较研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2004(05):163-167
[29]张卫红,刘大林,苗彦军,等.西藏3种野生牧草苗期对干旱胁迫的响应[J].生态学报,2017,37(21):7277-7285
[30]张力君,易津,贾光宏,等.9种禾草对干旱胁迫的生理反应[J].内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版),2000(04):14-19
[31]马宗仁,刘荣堂.牧草抗旱生理学[M].兰州:兰州大学出版社:47-48
[32]史晓霞,毛培春,张国芳.15份马蔺材料苗期抗旱性比较[J].草地学报,2007(4):353-358
[33]黄华.干旱胁迫条件下油松幼苗生长及抗旱性的研究[J].西北林学院学报,2004,19(2):1-4
[34]高宁,高辉远,石定燧,等.水分胁迫下两种草坪草的渗透调节与抗旱性的关系[J].中国草地,1995(04):44-48
[35]李雪莲,张国芳,谷艳蓉,等.4种多年生禾草苗期抗旱性的比较研究[J].四川草原,2005(01):13-15
[36]韩建民.抗旱性不同的水稻品种对渗透胁迫的反应及其与渗透调节的关系[J].河北农业大学学报,1990(01):17-21
[37]Perdomo P,J A Murphy,G A Berkowitz.Physiological changes associated with performance of Kentuck bluegrass cultivars during summer stress[J].Hor Science,1996(31):1182-1186
[38]辛国荣,董美玲,宋淑明.牧草抗旱性研究1水分胁迫下几种燕麦品种的一些生理生化变化及其与植物抗旱性关系的研究[J].草业科学,1996(05):52-57
[39]辛国荣,董美玲,宋淑明.牧草抗旱性研究2水分胁迫下8种燕麦品种的抗旱性综合评价[J].草业科学,1996(06):31-35
[40]温洋,孙吉雄,王代军.干旱胁迫对冷地型草坪草生理特性的研究[J].草原与草坪,2005,108(1):43-45
[41]张丽.平欧杂种榛抗盐碱生理机制研究及其耐盐性评价[D].北京:中国林业科学研究院,2015:3-8+52