克氏原螯虾形态与体重的通径分析
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摘要
确定影响克氏原螯虾体重的主要形态性状,以期为克氏原螯虾的亲本选育、形态辅助育种提供理论基础。选取了350尾雌性克氏原螯虾和302尾雄性克氏原螯虾,分别测量其体重(Y)、全长(X_1)、头胸甲长(X_2)、头胸甲宽(X_3)、腹节总长(X_4)、第一腹节长(X_5)和第一腹节宽(X_6)。以体重为因变量形态性状为自变量,采用相关分析、多元回归分析和通径分析,计算了雌雄克氏原螯虾各性状间的相关系数,通径系数和决定系数。相关分析结果显示,雌雄克氏原螯虾各性状间相关性皆达到了极显著水平(P<0.01);多元回归分析中,剔除了不显著的形态性状,建立的多元回归方程分别为Y_雌=-34.689+10.629X_2+6.479X_3+0.803X_1,Y_雄=-33.413+5.727X_2+6.770X_3+2.043X_1+3.045X_6;通径分析结果表明,头胸甲长在雌性克氏原螯虾中对体重的直接作用最大,其次是全长和头胸甲宽,全长和头胸甲宽通过头胸甲长对体重的间接作用较大。在雄性中,也是头胸甲长的直接作用最大,其次是全长和头胸甲宽以及第一腹节宽,第一腹节宽通过头胸甲长、宽和全长对体重的间接作用最大。
To provide a theoretical basis for parent breeding and morphological assisted breeding of Procambarus clarkii, the main morphological traits affecting the body weight of P. clarkii are determined. A total of 350 female and 302 male P. clarkii are selected, and their weight(Y), full length(X_1), carapace length(X_2),carapace width(X_3), abdomen length(X_4), first abdomen length(X_5) and first abdomen width(X_6) are measured respectively. The body weight is used as dependent variable, and the morphological traits are used as independent variable. The correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis and path analysis are conducted to calculate the correlation coefficients, path coefficients and decision coefficients among morphological traits of P.clarkii. The correlation analysis showed that all the correlations were highly significant among the traits of the female and male P. clarkii(P<0.01). In multiple regression analysis, the morphological traits which did not reach the extremely significant level were eliminated and the multiple regression equations were presented as Y=-34.689+10.629 X_2+6.479 X_3+0.803 X_1 in female P. clarkii and Y=-33.413+5.727 X_2+6.770 X_3+2.043 X_1+3.045 X_6 in male P. clarkii. The results of the path analysis indicated that the carapace length had the greatest direct effect on body weight of female P. clarkii, followed by the full length and carapace width which mainly affectedbodyweightindirectlythroughthecarapacelength.ForthemaleP.clarkii,thecarapacelengthalsohadthe greatestdirect effect on weight, followed by the full length, carapace width, the first abdomen width and the first abdomen width which had the largest indirect effect on weight through the carapace length, carapace width and the full length.
To provide a theoretical basis for parent breeding and morphological assisted breeding of Procambarus clarkii, the main morphological traits affecting the body weight of P. clarkii are determined. A total of 350 female and 302 male P. clarkii are selected, and their weight(Y), full length(X_1), carapace length(X_2),carapace width(X_3), abdomen length(X_4), first abdomen length(X_5) and first abdomen width(X_6) are measured respectively. The body weight is used as dependent variable, and the morphological traits are used as independent variable. The correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis and path analysis are conducted to calculate the correlation coefficients, path coefficients and decision coefficients among morphological traits of P.clarkii. The correlation analysis showed that all the correlations were highly significant among the traits of the female and male P. clarkii(P<0.01). In multiple regression analysis, the morphological traits which did not reach the extremely significant level were eliminated and the multiple regression equations were presented as Y=-34.689+10.629 X_2+6.479 X_3+0.803 X_1 in female P. clarkii and Y=-33.413+5.727 X_2+6.770 X_3+2.043 X_1+3.045 X_6 in male P. clarkii. The results of the path analysis indicated that the carapace length had the greatest direct effect on body weight of female P. clarkii, followed by the full length and carapace width which mainly affectedbodyweightindirectlythroughthecarapacelength.ForthemaleP.clarkii,thecarapacelengthalsohadthe greatestdirect effect on weight, followed by the full length, carapace width, the first abdomen width and the first abdomen width which had the largest indirect effect on weight through the carapace length, carapace width and the full length.
引文
[1]何琦瑶,汪开毓,刘韬,等.湖北省潜江地区克氏原螯虾白斑综合征PCR诊断及组织病理学观察[J].水产学报,2018,42(1):131-140.
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[13]韩晓磊,马强,李小蕊,等.中国螯虾科虾类(克氏原螯虾和东北螯虾)形态差异及判别分析[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(11):61-65.
[14] SimonaD, Martina J, Aleksandra M, et al. Morphometric variations among Astacus astacus populations from different regions of the Balkan Peninsula[J]. Zoomorphology, 2017,136(1):19-27.
[15]佟广香,匡友谊,许凌雪,等.哲罗鲑形态性状与体重的相关性分析[J].水产学杂志,2011,24(2):31-36.
[16]冯岩松.SPSS 22.0统计分析应用教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2015.
[17]王新安,马爱军,许可,等.大菱鲆幼鱼表型形态性状与体重之间的关系[J].动物学报,2008,54(3):540-545.
[18]张小谷,王建民,曹烈,等.克氏原螯虾形态性状与体重的关系[J].南昌大学学报:理科版,2010,34(2):195-199,204.
[19]张敏莹,刘凯,段金荣,等.太湖秀丽白虾形态性状对体重影响的通径分析[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(21):417-421.
[20]刘凯,张敏莹,段金荣,等.长江下游日本沼虾形态特征及主要性状对体重的影响[J].云南农业大学学报:自然科学版,2011,26(5):645-652.
[21]张成松,李富花,相建海.脊尾白虾形态性状对体质量影响的通径分析[J].水产学报,2013,37(06):809-815.
[22]安丽,刘萍,李健,等.“黄海1号”中国明对虾形态性状对体质量的影响效果分析[J].中国水产科学,2008(5):779-786.
[23]董世瑞,孔杰,万初坤,等.中国对虾形态性状对体重影响的通径分析[J].海洋水产研究,2007,28(3):15-22.
[24]李洋,刘萍,李健,等.脊尾白虾形态性状对体重的相关性及通径分析[J].渔业科学进展,2012,33(6):59-65.
[25]邓平平,戴习林,臧维玲,等.罗氏沼虾形态性状对体重的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2012,40(7):205-211.
[26]黄有辉.日本沼虾不同地理种群形态学及多样性研究[D].上海:华东师范大学,2016.
[27]何铜,刘小林,杨长明,黄皓,相建海.凡纳滨对虾各月龄性状的主成分与判别分析[J].生态学报,2009,29(04):2134-2142.
[28]唐瞻杨,肖俊,李莉萍等.尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)不同月龄性状的主成分与判别分析[J].海洋与湖沼,2012,43(02):288-293.
[2]李艳和.克氏原螯虾在中国的入侵遗传学研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2013.
[3]蔡凤金,武正军,何南,等.克氏原螯虾的入侵生态学研究进展[J].生态学杂志,2010,29(1):124-132.
[4]邹节新,汪雁,钟永亮,等.鄱阳湖克氏原螯虾的分布现状及其群体外部形态聚类分析[J].长江流域资源与环境,2014,23(3):415-421.
[5]李喜莲,李飞,朱俊杰,等.基于SSR标记的克氏原螯虾种质资源遗传多样性研究[J].华中农业大学学报,2016,35(2):63-68.
[6] Yi S K, Li Y H, Shi L L, et al. Novel Insights into Antiviral Gene Regulation of Red Swamp Crayfish, Procambarus clarkii, Infected with White Spot Syndrome Virus[J]. Genes, 2017, 8(11):320.
[7]周鑫.淡水小龙虾高效养殖模式攻略[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2015.
[8] Li Y H, Guo X W, Cao X J, et al. Population genetic structure and post-establishment dispersal patterns of the red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii in China[J]. PLOSONE, 2013,7:1-8.
[9]刘襄河,孔江红.克氏原螯虾的营养需求研究进展[J].科学养鱼,2017(4):24-26.
[10]韩晓磊,马强,李小蕊,等.不同地区克氏原螯虾群体的形态差异分析[J].水生态学杂志,2011,32(3):82-87.
[11]郑友,胡火根,唐建清,等.不同水域克氏原螯虾群体的形态差异分析[J].南昌大学学报:理科版,2014,(1):96-102.
[12]张萌,白俊,金辉,等.不同地理群体的克氏原螯虾形态差异多元分析[J].南昌大学学报:理科版,2016,40(2):188-196.
[13]韩晓磊,马强,李小蕊,等.中国螯虾科虾类(克氏原螯虾和东北螯虾)形态差异及判别分析[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(11):61-65.
[14] SimonaD, Martina J, Aleksandra M, et al. Morphometric variations among Astacus astacus populations from different regions of the Balkan Peninsula[J]. Zoomorphology, 2017,136(1):19-27.
[15]佟广香,匡友谊,许凌雪,等.哲罗鲑形态性状与体重的相关性分析[J].水产学杂志,2011,24(2):31-36.
[16]冯岩松.SPSS 22.0统计分析应用教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2015.
[17]王新安,马爱军,许可,等.大菱鲆幼鱼表型形态性状与体重之间的关系[J].动物学报,2008,54(3):540-545.
[18]张小谷,王建民,曹烈,等.克氏原螯虾形态性状与体重的关系[J].南昌大学学报:理科版,2010,34(2):195-199,204.
[19]张敏莹,刘凯,段金荣,等.太湖秀丽白虾形态性状对体重影响的通径分析[J].中国农学通报,2010,26(21):417-421.
[20]刘凯,张敏莹,段金荣,等.长江下游日本沼虾形态特征及主要性状对体重的影响[J].云南农业大学学报:自然科学版,2011,26(5):645-652.
[21]张成松,李富花,相建海.脊尾白虾形态性状对体质量影响的通径分析[J].水产学报,2013,37(06):809-815.
[22]安丽,刘萍,李健,等.“黄海1号”中国明对虾形态性状对体质量的影响效果分析[J].中国水产科学,2008(5):779-786.
[23]董世瑞,孔杰,万初坤,等.中国对虾形态性状对体重影响的通径分析[J].海洋水产研究,2007,28(3):15-22.
[24]李洋,刘萍,李健,等.脊尾白虾形态性状对体重的相关性及通径分析[J].渔业科学进展,2012,33(6):59-65.
[25]邓平平,戴习林,臧维玲,等.罗氏沼虾形态性状对体重的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2012,40(7):205-211.
[26]黄有辉.日本沼虾不同地理种群形态学及多样性研究[D].上海:华东师范大学,2016.
[27]何铜,刘小林,杨长明,黄皓,相建海.凡纳滨对虾各月龄性状的主成分与判别分析[J].生态学报,2009,29(04):2134-2142.
[28]唐瞻杨,肖俊,李莉萍等.尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)不同月龄性状的主成分与判别分析[J].海洋与湖沼,2012,43(02):288-293.