双条杉天牛幼虫人工饲料的筛选
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摘要
双条杉天牛Semanotus bifasciatus(Motschulsky)是柏科树木最严重的钻蛀性害虫之一。开发双条杉天牛的人工饲料是开展该害虫防治技术研究及生物学相关基础研究的重要条件。本研究在参考了其他天牛人工饲料配方的基础上,采用正交试验设计方法设计饲料配方,通过对不同配方饲料对双条杉天牛幼虫的饲养效果进行比较和极差分析,最终筛选出双条杉天牛幼虫的人工饲料最优组合为:琼脂4.7%、蔗糖3.5%、对-羟基苯甲酸甲酯0.5%、酵母粉3.1%、柏树木粉30%、抗坏血酸0.5%以及水。使用该人工饲料可将双条杉天牛幼虫成功喂养至羽化,并且蛹羽化率高达81.25%,总成活率为54.16%。本研究的结果可为天牛科其他天牛人工饲料的开发提供借鉴。
Semanotus bifasciatus(Coleoptera:Cerambycidae)is one of the most serious stem borers in Cupressaceae trees.Development of artificial diets for S.bifasciatusis is important for further studies on its control strategies and biology.The orthogonal design was used in this research to develop the feed formula based on several feed recipes for long-horned beetles.According to the results of the screening tests,we improved the diet formula and finally obtained an optimal diet formula for S.bifasciatus larvae.The optimal formula was as followed:agar 4.7%,sucrose 3.5%,methyl p-hydroxybenzoate 0.5%,yeast powder 3.1%,Platycladus orientalis wood sawdust 30%,ascorbic acid 0.5% and distilled water 57.7%.This diet could feed the larvae from the initial incubation to pupae successfully,and the pupal emergence rate was as high as 81.25%,with a final survival rate up to 54.16%.The results provide a reference for the development of artificial diets for other long-horned beetles.
Semanotus bifasciatus(Coleoptera:Cerambycidae)is one of the most serious stem borers in Cupressaceae trees.Development of artificial diets for S.bifasciatusis is important for further studies on its control strategies and biology.The orthogonal design was used in this research to develop the feed formula based on several feed recipes for long-horned beetles.According to the results of the screening tests,we improved the diet formula and finally obtained an optimal diet formula for S.bifasciatus larvae.The optimal formula was as followed:agar 4.7%,sucrose 3.5%,methyl p-hydroxybenzoate 0.5%,yeast powder 3.1%,Platycladus orientalis wood sawdust 30%,ascorbic acid 0.5% and distilled water 57.7%.This diet could feed the larvae from the initial incubation to pupae successfully,and the pupal emergence rate was as high as 81.25%,with a final survival rate up to 54.16%.The results provide a reference for the development of artificial diets for other long-horned beetles.
引文
[1]中国林业科学研究院.中国森林昆虫[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1983.
[2]王淑英.中国森林植物检疫对象[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1996.
[3]李娟,崔永三,宋玉双,等.我国林业检疫性和危险性有害生物新名单的特点[J].中国森林病虫,2013,32(5):42-47.
[4]国家林业局.国家林业局2013年第4号公告[EB/OL].[2013-01-11].http:∥www.forestry.gov.cn/portal/main/govfile/13/govfile_1983.htm.
[5]KIM K C,PARK J D.Studies on ecology and injury characteristics of Japanese Juniperus bark borer,Semanotus bifasciatus Motschulsky[J].Korean Journal of Plant Protection,1984,23(2):109-115.
[6]王凤英,于秀杰,苏建明.辽宁地区林业有害生物双条杉天牛风险分析[J].安徽农业科学,2016,44(6):134-136.
[7]高苏岚,许志春,弓献词,等.双条杉天牛的生物学特性[J].昆虫知识,2008,45(1):74-77.
[8]刘育俭.北京园林双条杉天牛综合防治技术的研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2005.
[9]梁修山,张梅,徐光余,等.双条杉天牛生物学特性研究[J].安徽农业大学学报,2002,29(1):20-24.
[10]孟庆兰,王晓翠,刘阳,等.双条杉天牛发生规律调查及防治药剂筛选试验[J].现代农业科技,2016(22):104-106.
[11]王延年.昆虫人工饲料手册[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1984.
[12]忻介六.昆虫的人工饲料[J].昆虫知识,1976,13(2):41-42.
[13]忻介六,苏德明.昆虫、螨类、蜘蛛的人工饲料[M].北京:科学出版社,1979.
[14]SINGH P,MOORE R F.Handbook of insect rearing[M].Elsevier,1985.
[15]戴长庚,欧阳芳,陈湘燕,等.鳞翅目昆虫人工饲养技术研究进展[J].南方农业学报,2016,47(5):672-676.
[16]张帆,李姝,肖达,等.中国设施蔬菜害虫天敌昆虫应用研究进展[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(17):3463-3476.
[17]HANKS L M,MCELFRESH J S,MILLAR J G,et al.Phoracantha semipunctata(Coleoptera:Cerambycidae),a serious pest of Eucalyptus in California:biology and laboratory-rearing procedures[J].Annals of the Entomological Society of America,1993,86(1):96-102.
[18]KEENA M A.Pourable artificial diet for rearing Anoplophora glabripennis(Coleoptera:Cerambycidae)and methods to optimize larval survival and synchronize development[J].Annals of the Entomological Society of America,2005,98(4):536-547.
[19]贺萍.实验室饲养四点象天牛[J].北京林业大学学报,1990,12(1):104-106.
[20]贺萍,黄竞芳.光肩星天牛的人工饲养[J].北京林业大学学报,1992,14(2):61-67.
[21]ALOO I,KATAGIRI K.Assessment of artificial rearing method for the pine sawyer beetle,Monochamus alternatus(Coleoptera:Cerambycidae)[M].The Tokyo University Forests,Laboratory of Forest Zoology,Faculty of Agriculture the University of Tokyo,1994.
[22]黄华.眉斑楔天牛的生物学特性及人工饲料研究[D].南宁:广西大学,2007.
[23]寻锋,刘强.槐绿虎天牛人工饲养的研究[J].天津师范大学学报(自然科学版),2012,32(4):78-80.
[24]曹利军,杨帆,唐思莹,等.适合三种鳞翅目昆虫的一种人工饲料配方[J].应用昆虫学报,2014,51(5):1376-1386.
[25]张克斌,胡木林.黄斑星天牛人工饲料研究[J].林业科学,1993,29(3):227-233.
[26]张永安,王玉珠,曲良建.松褐天牛人工饲养和传代方法及其幼虫人工饲料:101228853[P].2008-07-30.
[27]尹新明,温发园,江志伟,等.管式天牛昆虫幼虫人工饲料及其饲养方法:100508778C[P].2009.
[28]蔡守平,何学友,GURR G M,等.星天牛幼虫人工饲料的饲养效果及温度对其生长的影响(英文)[J].林业科学,2016,52(12):141-149.
[29]张霖.褐梗天牛生物学特性和引诱剂的初步研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2016.
[30]唐启义.DPS数据处理系统:实验设计统计分析及数据挖掘[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.
[31]严文斌.双条杉天牛研究初报[J].安徽农业大学学报,2003,30(1):57-60.
[32]王宏琦.双条杉天牛无公害防治技术研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2008.
[33]王延年.昆虫人工饲料的发展应用和前途[J].昆虫知识,1990,27(5):310-312.
[34]崔为正,王伟东.家蚕人工饲料防腐剂和抗菌素的筛选研究[J].山东农业大学学报(自然科学版),1999(3):219-225.
[35]张树坤,王业成,苏建亚,等.稻纵卷叶螟人工饲料中防霉剂对曲霉的抑制效果[J].南京农业大学学报,2014,37(2):59-66.
[36]高苏岚,许志春,弓献词.双条杉天牛研究进展[J].中国森林病虫,2007,26(3):19-22.
[37]ELVIRA S,GORRIA N,MUNOZ,D,et al.A simplified lowcost diet for rearing Spodoptera exigua(Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)and its effect on S.exigua nucleopolyhedrovirus production[J].Journal of Economic Entomology,2010,103(1):17-24.
[38]DUBOIS T,HAJEK A E,SMITH S.Methods for rearing the Asian longhorned beetle(Coleoptera:Cerambycidae)on artificial diet[J].Annals of the Entomological Society of America,2002,95(2):223-230.
[2]王淑英.中国森林植物检疫对象[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1996.
[3]李娟,崔永三,宋玉双,等.我国林业检疫性和危险性有害生物新名单的特点[J].中国森林病虫,2013,32(5):42-47.
[4]国家林业局.国家林业局2013年第4号公告[EB/OL].[2013-01-11].http:∥www.forestry.gov.cn/portal/main/govfile/13/govfile_1983.htm.
[5]KIM K C,PARK J D.Studies on ecology and injury characteristics of Japanese Juniperus bark borer,Semanotus bifasciatus Motschulsky[J].Korean Journal of Plant Protection,1984,23(2):109-115.
[6]王凤英,于秀杰,苏建明.辽宁地区林业有害生物双条杉天牛风险分析[J].安徽农业科学,2016,44(6):134-136.
[7]高苏岚,许志春,弓献词,等.双条杉天牛的生物学特性[J].昆虫知识,2008,45(1):74-77.
[8]刘育俭.北京园林双条杉天牛综合防治技术的研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2005.
[9]梁修山,张梅,徐光余,等.双条杉天牛生物学特性研究[J].安徽农业大学学报,2002,29(1):20-24.
[10]孟庆兰,王晓翠,刘阳,等.双条杉天牛发生规律调查及防治药剂筛选试验[J].现代农业科技,2016(22):104-106.
[11]王延年.昆虫人工饲料手册[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1984.
[12]忻介六.昆虫的人工饲料[J].昆虫知识,1976,13(2):41-42.
[13]忻介六,苏德明.昆虫、螨类、蜘蛛的人工饲料[M].北京:科学出版社,1979.
[14]SINGH P,MOORE R F.Handbook of insect rearing[M].Elsevier,1985.
[15]戴长庚,欧阳芳,陈湘燕,等.鳞翅目昆虫人工饲养技术研究进展[J].南方农业学报,2016,47(5):672-676.
[16]张帆,李姝,肖达,等.中国设施蔬菜害虫天敌昆虫应用研究进展[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(17):3463-3476.
[17]HANKS L M,MCELFRESH J S,MILLAR J G,et al.Phoracantha semipunctata(Coleoptera:Cerambycidae),a serious pest of Eucalyptus in California:biology and laboratory-rearing procedures[J].Annals of the Entomological Society of America,1993,86(1):96-102.
[18]KEENA M A.Pourable artificial diet for rearing Anoplophora glabripennis(Coleoptera:Cerambycidae)and methods to optimize larval survival and synchronize development[J].Annals of the Entomological Society of America,2005,98(4):536-547.
[19]贺萍.实验室饲养四点象天牛[J].北京林业大学学报,1990,12(1):104-106.
[20]贺萍,黄竞芳.光肩星天牛的人工饲养[J].北京林业大学学报,1992,14(2):61-67.
[21]ALOO I,KATAGIRI K.Assessment of artificial rearing method for the pine sawyer beetle,Monochamus alternatus(Coleoptera:Cerambycidae)[M].The Tokyo University Forests,Laboratory of Forest Zoology,Faculty of Agriculture the University of Tokyo,1994.
[22]黄华.眉斑楔天牛的生物学特性及人工饲料研究[D].南宁:广西大学,2007.
[23]寻锋,刘强.槐绿虎天牛人工饲养的研究[J].天津师范大学学报(自然科学版),2012,32(4):78-80.
[24]曹利军,杨帆,唐思莹,等.适合三种鳞翅目昆虫的一种人工饲料配方[J].应用昆虫学报,2014,51(5):1376-1386.
[25]张克斌,胡木林.黄斑星天牛人工饲料研究[J].林业科学,1993,29(3):227-233.
[26]张永安,王玉珠,曲良建.松褐天牛人工饲养和传代方法及其幼虫人工饲料:101228853[P].2008-07-30.
[27]尹新明,温发园,江志伟,等.管式天牛昆虫幼虫人工饲料及其饲养方法:100508778C[P].2009.
[28]蔡守平,何学友,GURR G M,等.星天牛幼虫人工饲料的饲养效果及温度对其生长的影响(英文)[J].林业科学,2016,52(12):141-149.
[29]张霖.褐梗天牛生物学特性和引诱剂的初步研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2016.
[30]唐启义.DPS数据处理系统:实验设计统计分析及数据挖掘[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.
[31]严文斌.双条杉天牛研究初报[J].安徽农业大学学报,2003,30(1):57-60.
[32]王宏琦.双条杉天牛无公害防治技术研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2008.
[33]王延年.昆虫人工饲料的发展应用和前途[J].昆虫知识,1990,27(5):310-312.
[34]崔为正,王伟东.家蚕人工饲料防腐剂和抗菌素的筛选研究[J].山东农业大学学报(自然科学版),1999(3):219-225.
[35]张树坤,王业成,苏建亚,等.稻纵卷叶螟人工饲料中防霉剂对曲霉的抑制效果[J].南京农业大学学报,2014,37(2):59-66.
[36]高苏岚,许志春,弓献词.双条杉天牛研究进展[J].中国森林病虫,2007,26(3):19-22.
[37]ELVIRA S,GORRIA N,MUNOZ,D,et al.A simplified lowcost diet for rearing Spodoptera exigua(Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)and its effect on S.exigua nucleopolyhedrovirus production[J].Journal of Economic Entomology,2010,103(1):17-24.
[38]DUBOIS T,HAJEK A E,SMITH S.Methods for rearing the Asian longhorned beetle(Coleoptera:Cerambycidae)on artificial diet[J].Annals of the Entomological Society of America,2002,95(2):223-230.