社会排斥、人情支出与农民工多维脱贫
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摘要
社会排斥如何影响和制约农民工生计社会排斥如何影响和制约农民工生计,人情支出成为农民工脱贫的助力还是束缚有待考量,针对农民工的多维脱贫研究有利于拓展贫困治理的思路针对农民工的多维脱贫研究有利于拓展贫困治理的思路。文章基于中国家庭追踪调查2010—2014年平衡面板数据面板数据,运用Biprobit模型分别分析了社会排斥模型分别分析了社会排斥、人情支出对农民工长期多维贫困和摆脱多维贫困的影响响。结果表明,农民工摆脱多维贫困可从减少社会排斥着手,然而社会排斥却不是农民工长期多维贫困恶性循环的致因恶性循环的致因。人情支出较低成为农民工长期多维贫困的束缚,摆脱多维贫困却不能倚重增加人情支出出。提升农民工主观福利感受对多维贫困治理具有能动作用,工作满意度提高对农民工多维脱贫产生积极影响极影响,社会地位提升有利于减缓农民工长期多维贫困。
How does social exclusion affect and restrict the livelihood of migrant workers, whether human ritual expenditures becoming the aid or restraint for migrant workers to get out of poverty needs to be tested. The study on multidimensional poverty alleviation for migrant workers is conducive to expanding the mentality of poverty reduction.Based on the Chinese household survey data from 2010 to 2014, the article uses Biprobit model to analyze the impact of social exclusion and human ritual expenditures on migrant workers' long-term multi-dimensional poverty and getting rid of multi-dimensional poverty. The results show that social exclusion has no significant effect on long-term multidimensional poverty, but it has become the constraint of multi-dimensional rural migrant workers' poverty alleviation.Expenditure on human ritual beings and the low social capital formed by them have become the fetters of migrant workers' long-term multidimensional poverty. However, the increase of human ritual disbursements has no obvious effect on migrating rural workers from multidimensional poverty alleviation. Positive subjective wellbeing is the endogenous motivation of migrant workers to get rid of multidimensional poverty and it is also a higher level requirement for poverty eradication. The job satisfaction has a positive impact on migrant workers' multidimensional poverty alleviation.The promotion of social status is conducive to alleviating long-term multi-dimensional poverty of migrant workers.
How does social exclusion affect and restrict the livelihood of migrant workers, whether human ritual expenditures becoming the aid or restraint for migrant workers to get out of poverty needs to be tested. The study on multidimensional poverty alleviation for migrant workers is conducive to expanding the mentality of poverty reduction.Based on the Chinese household survey data from 2010 to 2014, the article uses Biprobit model to analyze the impact of social exclusion and human ritual expenditures on migrant workers' long-term multi-dimensional poverty and getting rid of multi-dimensional poverty. The results show that social exclusion has no significant effect on long-term multidimensional poverty, but it has become the constraint of multi-dimensional rural migrant workers' poverty alleviation.Expenditure on human ritual beings and the low social capital formed by them have become the fetters of migrant workers' long-term multidimensional poverty. However, the increase of human ritual disbursements has no obvious effect on migrating rural workers from multidimensional poverty alleviation. Positive subjective wellbeing is the endogenous motivation of migrant workers to get rid of multidimensional poverty and it is also a higher level requirement for poverty eradication. The job satisfaction has a positive impact on migrant workers' multidimensional poverty alleviation.The promotion of social status is conducive to alleviating long-term multi-dimensional poverty of migrant workers.
引文
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[26]刘传江,程建林.双重“户籍墙”对农民工市民化的影响[J].经济学家.2009(10):66-72.
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[2]杨晓军.农民工对经济增长贡献与成果分享[J].中国人口科学,2012(06):66-74.
[3]李培林,李炜.近年来农民工的经济状况和社会态度[J].中国社会科学,2010(01):119-131.
[4]王春超,叶琴.中国农民工多维贫困的演进——基于收入与教育维度的考察[J].经济研究,2014,49(12):159-174.
[5]Yang,J.,P.Mukhopadhaya.Disparities in the Level of Poverty in China:Evidence from China Family Panel Studies 2010.Social Indicators Research.2016.
[6]叶普万,周明.农民工贫困:一个基于托达罗模型的分析框架[J].管理世界,2008(09):174-176.
[7]朱晓,段成荣.“生存-发展-风险”视角下离土又离乡农民工贫困状况研究[J].人口研究,2016,40(3):30-44.
[8]赵延东,王奋宇.城乡流动人口的经济地位获得及决定因素[J].中国人口科学,2002(4):10-17.
[9]王春超,周先波.社会资本能影响农民工收入吗?——基于有序响应收入模型的估计和检验[J].管理世界,2013(9):55-68.
[10]袁方,史清华.不平等之再检验:可行能力和收入不平等与农民工福利[J].管理世界,2013(10):49-61.
[11]田北海,雷华,佘洪毅,等.人力资本与社会资本孰重孰轻:对农民工职业流动影响因素的再探讨——基于地位结构观与网络结构观的综合视角[J].中国农村观察,2013(1):34-47.
[12]张翼.农民工“进城落户”意愿与中国近期城镇化道路的选择[J].中国人口科学,2011(2):14-26,111.
[13]袁方,史清华,晋洪涛.居住证制度会改善农民工福利吗?——以上海为例[J].公共管理学报,2016,13(1):105-116.
[14]曾旭晖.非正式劳动力市场人力资本研究——以成都市进城农民工为个案[J].中国农村经济,2004(3):34-38.
[15]Rodríguez,L.Intrahousehold Inequalities in Child Rights and Well-Being.A Barrier to Progress?World Development.2016,83:111-134.
[16]Vijaya,R.M.,Lahoti,R.,&Swaminathan,H..Moving from the household to the individual:Multidi mensional poverty analysis.World Development.2014,59:70-81.
[17]Alkire S,Foster J.Counting and Multidimensional Poverty Measurement[J].Journal of Public Economics,2011a(95):476-487.
[18]Alkire,S.,Foster,J.Understandings and Misunderstandings of Multidimensional Poverty Measurement[J].Journal of Economic Inequality,2011b(9),289-314.
[19]Knight,J.and Gunatilaka,R.The rural-urban divide in China:income but not happiness[J].Journal of Development Studies,2010,46(3):506-534.
[20]KOCZAN Z.Being poor,Feeling poorer:Inequality,Poverty and poverty perceptions in the Western Balkans[J].IMF Working Papers No.16/31,2016.
[21]高帅,毕洁颖.农村人口动态多维贫困:状态持续与转变[J].中国人口?资源与环境,2016(2):76-83.
[22]Greene,W.Econometric Analysis[M].Prentice—Hall Inc,2002.
[23]周玉龙,孙久文.社会资本与农户脱贫——基于中国综合社会调查的经验研究[J].经济学动态,2017(4):16-29.
[24]徐淑一,王宁宁.经济地位、主观社会地位与居民自感健康[J].统计研究,2015,32(3):62-68.
[25]华红琴,翁定军.社会地位、生活境遇与焦虑[J].社会,2013,33(1):136-160.
[26]刘传江,程建林.双重“户籍墙”对农民工市民化的影响[J].经济学家.2009(10):66-72.
[27]罗连发,叶初升.社会资本、技术采用与扶贫政策质量——基于计算经济学的仿真分析[J].财经科学.2015(2):100-110.