社会网络影响了农村居民消费吗
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摘要
利用2014年中国家庭追踪调查数据,考察了社会网络对农村居民消费行为的影响。研究发现,各类社会网络对农村居民消费具有显著的正向影响,相较于传统的血缘和地缘关系,依托"邮电通讯"形成的关系网络对农户消费具有更大的作用,反映了当前农村社会网络结构演变的趋势特征。社会网络的消费效应传导路径显示,社会网络通过非正规金融融资和劳动力流动对农户消费发挥了正向促进作用,但其通过收入分配产生的消费效应相对有限。
We studied the impact of social network on rural residents' consumption behavior, based on the data of Chinese household tracking survey in 2014. The results show that various social networks have presented significant positive impact on rural residents' consumption. Compared with the traditional blood and geographical relationships, the relationship depending on "post and telecommunications" has a greater effect in rural households' consumption, which indicates the new trend of the evoluti on of rural social network structure. The transmission path of consumption effect of social network suggests that social network is beneficial to promote the consumption of farmers through informal financial financing and labor flow channels, whereas the consumption effect acted through income distribution channels is relatively limited.
We studied the impact of social network on rural residents' consumption behavior, based on the data of Chinese household tracking survey in 2014. The results show that various social networks have presented significant positive impact on rural residents' consumption. Compared with the traditional blood and geographical relationships, the relationship depending on "post and telecommunications" has a greater effect in rural households' consumption, which indicates the new trend of the evoluti on of rural social network structure. The transmission path of consumption effect of social network suggests that social network is beneficial to promote the consumption of farmers through informal financial financing and labor flow channels, whereas the consumption effect acted through income distribution channels is relatively limited.
引文
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[2]赵剑治,陆铭.关系对农村收入差距的贡献及其地区差异——一项基于回归的分解分析[J].经济学(季刊),2010,9(1):363-390.
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[4]Johny J,Wichmann B,Swallow B.Role of Social Networks in Diversification of Income Sources in Rural India[R].Agricultural and Applied Economics Association,2014.
[5]Rock A,Barrington C,Abdoulayi S,et al.Social Networks,Social Participation,and Health among Youth Living in Extreme Poverty in Rural Malawi[J].Social Science&Medicine,2016,170(12):55-62.
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[8]Tenzin G,Otsuka K,Natsuda K.Can Social Capital Reduce Poverty? A Study of Rural Households in Eastern Bhutan[J].Asian Economic Journal,2015,29(3):243-264.
[9]章元,陆铭.社会网络是否有助于提高农民工的工资水平?[J].管理世界,2009(3):45-54.
[10]周晔馨.社会资本是穷人的资本吗?——基于中国农户收入的经验证据[J].管理世界,2012(7):83-95.
[11]易行健,张波,杨汝岱,等.家庭社会网络与农户储蓄行为:基于中国农村的实证研究[J].管理世界,2012(5):43-51,187.
[12]黄祖辉,刘西川,程恩江.中国农户的信贷需求:生产性抑或消费性——方法比较与实证分析[J].管理世界,2007(3):73-80.
[13]Karlan D S.Social Connections and Group Banking[J].The Economic Journal,2007,117(517):52-84.
[14]胡金焱,张博.社会网络、民间融资与家庭创业——基于中国城乡差异的实证分析[J].金融研究,2014(10):148-163.
[15]Karlan D,Morduch J.Access to Finance[C]//Rodrik Dani,Rosenzweig Mark,eds.Handbook of Development Economics,2010:4703-4784.
[16]王春超,王聪.市场化、社会网络与城市农民工地缘集聚[J].经济社会体制比较,2016(1):44-56.
[17]Hiwatari M.Social Networks and Migration Decisions:The Influence of Peer Effects in Rural Households in Central Asia[J].Journal of Comparative Economics,2016,44(4):1115-1131.
[18]McKenzie D,Rapoport H.Network Effects and the Dynamics of Migration and Inequality:Theory and Evidence from Mexico[J].Journal of Development Economics,2007,84(1):1-24.
[19]张智勇.社会资本与农民工职业搜寻[J].财经科学,2005(1):118-123.
[20]张文宏,阮丹青,潘允康.天津农村居民的社会网[J].社会学研究,1999(2):110-120.
[21]Lin N.Social Capital:A Theory of Social Structure and Action[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2002.
[22]Saunders M N K,Flowerdew R.Spatial Aspects of the Provision of Job Information[M]//Fischer,Nijkamp. Regional Labour Markets. North-Holland:Elsevier Science Pub.Co,1987:205-228.
[23]Grootaert C.Does Social Capital Help the Poor? A Synthesis of Findings from the Local Level Institutions Studies in Bolivia,Burkina Faso,and Indonesia[R].The World Bank,2001.
[24]Aguiar M,Hurst E.Deconstructing Life Cycle Expenditure[J].Journal of Political Economy,2013,121(3):437-492.
[25]杨汝岱,陈斌开,朱诗娥.基于社会网络视角的农户民间借贷需求行为研究[J].经济研究,2011,46(11):116-129.
[26]张浩,易行健,周聪.房产价值变动、城镇居民消费与财富效应异质性——来自微观家庭调查数据的分析[J].金融研究,2017(8):50-66.
[27]周广肃,樊纲,申广军.收入差距、社会资本与健康水平——基于中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)的实证分析[J].管理世界,2014(7):12-21,51.
[28]靳卫东,王鹏帆,毛中根.城镇居民医疗保险制度改革的文化消费效应研究[J].南开经济研究,2017(2):23-40.
[29]周广肃,马光荣.人情支出挤出了正常消费吗?——来自中国家户数据的证据[J].浙江社会科学,2015(3):15-26,156.
[30]Woolcock M,Narayan D.Social Capital:Implications for Development Theory,a Research,and Policy[J]. The World Bank Research Observer,2000,15(2):225-249.
[31]刘雯.个体信贷与可视性消费行为——基于借出方视角[J].经济学(季刊),2018,17(1):103-128.
(1)基于CFPS2014样本,部分研究将“家庭中最熟悉财务的人员”确定为家庭“户主”,默认其为家庭重要事务的决策者和负责人(刘雯,2018)[31]。
(2)本文主要是从家庭层面进行分析,并未使用家庭个体均值,而是通过纳入家庭规模,控制家庭人口数量的异质性影响。
(3)部分研究利用户主年龄的平方项控制非线性的影响,本文则认为,户主年龄与户主年龄平方项可能存在多重共线性问题。
(4)根据CFPS的省份分布及划分,东部地区包括京、津、冀、辽、沪、苏、浙、闽、鲁、粤,中部地区包括晋、吉、黑、皖、赣、豫、鄂、湘,西部地区包括桂、渝、川、贵、云、陕、甘。
[2]赵剑治,陆铭.关系对农村收入差距的贡献及其地区差异——一项基于回归的分解分析[J].经济学(季刊),2010,9(1):363-390.
[3]Chantarat S,Barrett C B.Social Network Capital,Economic Mobility and Poverty Traps[J].The Journal of Economic Inequality,2012,10(3):299-342.
[4]Johny J,Wichmann B,Swallow B.Role of Social Networks in Diversification of Income Sources in Rural India[R].Agricultural and Applied Economics Association,2014.
[5]Rock A,Barrington C,Abdoulayi S,et al.Social Networks,Social Participation,and Health among Youth Living in Extreme Poverty in Rural Malawi[J].Social Science&Medicine,2016,170(12):55-62.
[6]Maertens A,Barrett C B.Measuring Social Networks'Effects on Agricultural Technology Adoption[J].American Journal of Agricultural Economics,2012,95(2):353-359.
[7]Banerjee A,Chandrasekhar A G,Duflo E,et al. The Diffusion of Microfinance[J].Science,2013,341(6144):1236498.
[8]Tenzin G,Otsuka K,Natsuda K.Can Social Capital Reduce Poverty? A Study of Rural Households in Eastern Bhutan[J].Asian Economic Journal,2015,29(3):243-264.
[9]章元,陆铭.社会网络是否有助于提高农民工的工资水平?[J].管理世界,2009(3):45-54.
[10]周晔馨.社会资本是穷人的资本吗?——基于中国农户收入的经验证据[J].管理世界,2012(7):83-95.
[11]易行健,张波,杨汝岱,等.家庭社会网络与农户储蓄行为:基于中国农村的实证研究[J].管理世界,2012(5):43-51,187.
[12]黄祖辉,刘西川,程恩江.中国农户的信贷需求:生产性抑或消费性——方法比较与实证分析[J].管理世界,2007(3):73-80.
[13]Karlan D S.Social Connections and Group Banking[J].The Economic Journal,2007,117(517):52-84.
[14]胡金焱,张博.社会网络、民间融资与家庭创业——基于中国城乡差异的实证分析[J].金融研究,2014(10):148-163.
[15]Karlan D,Morduch J.Access to Finance[C]//Rodrik Dani,Rosenzweig Mark,eds.Handbook of Development Economics,2010:4703-4784.
[16]王春超,王聪.市场化、社会网络与城市农民工地缘集聚[J].经济社会体制比较,2016(1):44-56.
[17]Hiwatari M.Social Networks and Migration Decisions:The Influence of Peer Effects in Rural Households in Central Asia[J].Journal of Comparative Economics,2016,44(4):1115-1131.
[18]McKenzie D,Rapoport H.Network Effects and the Dynamics of Migration and Inequality:Theory and Evidence from Mexico[J].Journal of Development Economics,2007,84(1):1-24.
[19]张智勇.社会资本与农民工职业搜寻[J].财经科学,2005(1):118-123.
[20]张文宏,阮丹青,潘允康.天津农村居民的社会网[J].社会学研究,1999(2):110-120.
[21]Lin N.Social Capital:A Theory of Social Structure and Action[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2002.
[22]Saunders M N K,Flowerdew R.Spatial Aspects of the Provision of Job Information[M]//Fischer,Nijkamp. Regional Labour Markets. North-Holland:Elsevier Science Pub.Co,1987:205-228.
[23]Grootaert C.Does Social Capital Help the Poor? A Synthesis of Findings from the Local Level Institutions Studies in Bolivia,Burkina Faso,and Indonesia[R].The World Bank,2001.
[24]Aguiar M,Hurst E.Deconstructing Life Cycle Expenditure[J].Journal of Political Economy,2013,121(3):437-492.
[25]杨汝岱,陈斌开,朱诗娥.基于社会网络视角的农户民间借贷需求行为研究[J].经济研究,2011,46(11):116-129.
[26]张浩,易行健,周聪.房产价值变动、城镇居民消费与财富效应异质性——来自微观家庭调查数据的分析[J].金融研究,2017(8):50-66.
[27]周广肃,樊纲,申广军.收入差距、社会资本与健康水平——基于中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)的实证分析[J].管理世界,2014(7):12-21,51.
[28]靳卫东,王鹏帆,毛中根.城镇居民医疗保险制度改革的文化消费效应研究[J].南开经济研究,2017(2):23-40.
[29]周广肃,马光荣.人情支出挤出了正常消费吗?——来自中国家户数据的证据[J].浙江社会科学,2015(3):15-26,156.
[30]Woolcock M,Narayan D.Social Capital:Implications for Development Theory,a Research,and Policy[J]. The World Bank Research Observer,2000,15(2):225-249.
[31]刘雯.个体信贷与可视性消费行为——基于借出方视角[J].经济学(季刊),2018,17(1):103-128.
(1)基于CFPS2014样本,部分研究将“家庭中最熟悉财务的人员”确定为家庭“户主”,默认其为家庭重要事务的决策者和负责人(刘雯,2018)[31]。
(2)本文主要是从家庭层面进行分析,并未使用家庭个体均值,而是通过纳入家庭规模,控制家庭人口数量的异质性影响。
(3)部分研究利用户主年龄的平方项控制非线性的影响,本文则认为,户主年龄与户主年龄平方项可能存在多重共线性问题。
(4)根据CFPS的省份分布及划分,东部地区包括京、津、冀、辽、沪、苏、浙、闽、鲁、粤,中部地区包括晋、吉、黑、皖、赣、豫、鄂、湘,西部地区包括桂、渝、川、贵、云、陕、甘。