农民住房财产权抵押贷款失约风险防控机制研究——基于福建晋江的实践经验
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摘要
农民住房财产权抵押贷款业务的开展无疑是农村产权制度改革的一大突破,也是宅基地制度改革的重要方面。其对于盘活农村住房资产,扩宽农民融资渠道,推动农村经济发展都有着重要作用。然而由于农户可能存在的信用失范、生产经营活动的不确定性以及抵押物处置障碍,使得抵押贷款业务往往面临失约风险,因此如何对抵押贷款中的失约风险进行合理管控是宅基地制度改革稳妥有序推进的关键。本文通过总结福建晋江农房抵押贷款实践在农村信用体系建设、创新抵押模式、抵押物流转处置等方面的风险策略,提出防控农房抵押贷款失约风险应从贷前风险防范、贷中风险缓释、贷后风险处置三个方面着手,形成一套完善的风险防控体系,切实做到积极稳妥和风险可控的基本目标。
There is no doubt that homestead mortgage is a breakthrough in rural property right system reform, and it is an important aspect of homestead system reform. Homestead mortgage does contribute to revitalizing the rural housing assets, expanding farmers financing channels, and promoting rural economic development. However, because of some possible factors such as credit absence, the uncertainty of production and operating activities, and obstacles to the disposal of collateral, the default risk is inevitably. So to prevent and control the default risk is critical to promote homestead system reform moderately. This article summarizes the risk control measures including rural credit system construction, innovative mortgage mode, and transfer and disposal of collateral and so on. Then this study puts forward that the prevention and control of the default risk should start from three aspects: risk prevention before loan, risk mitigation in loan, and risk disposition, to form a set of perfect risk prevention and control system, and finally achieve the basic purpose of being positive, stable, and risk-controllable in homestead mortgage.
There is no doubt that homestead mortgage is a breakthrough in rural property right system reform, and it is an important aspect of homestead system reform. Homestead mortgage does contribute to revitalizing the rural housing assets, expanding farmers financing channels, and promoting rural economic development. However, because of some possible factors such as credit absence, the uncertainty of production and operating activities, and obstacles to the disposal of collateral, the default risk is inevitably. So to prevent and control the default risk is critical to promote homestead system reform moderately. This article summarizes the risk control measures including rural credit system construction, innovative mortgage mode, and transfer and disposal of collateral and so on. Then this study puts forward that the prevention and control of the default risk should start from three aspects: risk prevention before loan, risk mitigation in loan, and risk disposition, to form a set of perfect risk prevention and control system, and finally achieve the basic purpose of being positive, stable, and risk-controllable in homestead mortgage.
引文
[1]董祚继.“三权分置”——农村宅基地制度的重大创新[J].中国土地,2018(3):4-9.
[2]杜群,董斌.农民住房抵押贷款实现机制创新略论——基于试点实践的考察[J].湖南农业大学学报:社会科学版,2018,19(2):55-60.
[3]潘文轩.农地经营权抵押贷款中的风险问题研究[J].南京农业大学学报:社会科学版,2015,15(5):104-113,141.
[4]惠献波.宅基地使用权抵押融资模式、风险及防范策略分析[J].农村金融研究,2016(2):73-76.
[5]王悦,霍学喜.农房抵押贷款风险成因及防范策略[J].河北学刊,2014,34(2):119-122.
[6]关江华,黄朝禧.微观福利与风险视角的农户宅基地流转:武汉调查[J].改革,2013(8):78-85.
[7]刘雨萌.农村宅基地抵押贷款风险评估与防控机制研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2015.
[8]王直民,孙淑萍,鲍海君.抵押物处置与农房抵押贷款困境:基于演化博弈的分析[J].中国土地科学,2018,32(6):32-39.
[9]吕杏平.农村承包土地经营权抵押贷款风险缓释机制研究——基于浙江嵊州市的试点调查[J].浙江金融,2017(12):75-80.
[10]陈丹,高锐.农地抵押金融风险:政府规制的逻辑及政策取向[J].南方金融,2016(7):72-77
[11]幸昆仑,李宇雨,傅博.农村产权抵押融资的风险防控机制研究——基于重庆的实践[J].国土资源科技管理,2017,34 (5):19-26.
[12]吴明发,严金明,陈昊.基于供求理论的农村宅基地流转的风险管理研究[J].现代管理科学,2017(5):30-32.
[13]吕军书,贾威.“三权分置”制度下农村土地流转失约风险的防范机制研究[J].理论与改革,2017(6):181-188.
[14]金鑫.关注农房贷不良处置制度建设[J].中国金融,2018(10):101.
[2]杜群,董斌.农民住房抵押贷款实现机制创新略论——基于试点实践的考察[J].湖南农业大学学报:社会科学版,2018,19(2):55-60.
[3]潘文轩.农地经营权抵押贷款中的风险问题研究[J].南京农业大学学报:社会科学版,2015,15(5):104-113,141.
[4]惠献波.宅基地使用权抵押融资模式、风险及防范策略分析[J].农村金融研究,2016(2):73-76.
[5]王悦,霍学喜.农房抵押贷款风险成因及防范策略[J].河北学刊,2014,34(2):119-122.
[6]关江华,黄朝禧.微观福利与风险视角的农户宅基地流转:武汉调查[J].改革,2013(8):78-85.
[7]刘雨萌.农村宅基地抵押贷款风险评估与防控机制研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2015.
[8]王直民,孙淑萍,鲍海君.抵押物处置与农房抵押贷款困境:基于演化博弈的分析[J].中国土地科学,2018,32(6):32-39.
[9]吕杏平.农村承包土地经营权抵押贷款风险缓释机制研究——基于浙江嵊州市的试点调查[J].浙江金融,2017(12):75-80.
[10]陈丹,高锐.农地抵押金融风险:政府规制的逻辑及政策取向[J].南方金融,2016(7):72-77
[11]幸昆仑,李宇雨,傅博.农村产权抵押融资的风险防控机制研究——基于重庆的实践[J].国土资源科技管理,2017,34 (5):19-26.
[12]吴明发,严金明,陈昊.基于供求理论的农村宅基地流转的风险管理研究[J].现代管理科学,2017(5):30-32.
[13]吕军书,贾威.“三权分置”制度下农村土地流转失约风险的防范机制研究[J].理论与改革,2017(6):181-188.
[14]金鑫.关注农房贷不良处置制度建设[J].中国金融,2018(10):101.