宪法宣誓礼典仪式规范性研究
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摘要
宪法宣誓礼典仪式是指国家公职人员在就职前依据法律规定向宪法宣誓的庄重程序,它不仅是国家政治生活中的一项重要仪式,更是一种从精神层面对行为主体的约束形式。规范宪法宣誓制度礼典仪式有利于强化国家机关工作人员的规则意识。研究我国的宪法宣誓礼典仪式,不仅要梳理近现代中国宪法宣誓的历史脉络,还要了解域外国家的相关规定。针对目前我国宪法宣誓礼典仪式仍存在着不规范、不统一,甚至流于形式等问题,第一,制定与宪法宣誓礼典仪式相关的法律;第二,规范宪法宣誓的礼典程序,包括规范宪法宣誓礼典仪式的地点、场所和时间,细化宣誓主体的范围,规范宣誓礼典仪式的形式等;第三,推动宪法宣誓礼典仪式公开化,仪式公开既能接受人民的监督,也能让人们从宪法宣誓的庄严仪式中体会到宪法的神圣地位;第四,必须明确宪法宣誓礼典仪式的相关法律责任,完善追责问责机制,发挥宪法宣誓礼典仪式应有的效用。
The constitutional oath ceremony refers to a solemn procedure made by the civil servants to observe and give allegiance to the constitution when assuming office. It is not only an important ceremony in the political life of a country, but also a spiritual restraint of a person. The norm of constitutional oath ceremony helps to raise the awareness to obey the rules for the civil servants. This paper reviews the history of constitution oath in contemporary China, and also compares relevant provisions of other countries. The paper then puts forward some problems, such as the lack of norm for constitution oath ceremony, and externalism in the practice of such a ceremony. Suggestions are proposed to solve the problems: legislation of relevant laws and regulations for constitutional oath ceremony; norm establishment of constitutional oath ceremony; publicity of constitutional oath ceremony; clarity of the relevant legal responsibility of constitutional oath ceremony.
The constitutional oath ceremony refers to a solemn procedure made by the civil servants to observe and give allegiance to the constitution when assuming office. It is not only an important ceremony in the political life of a country, but also a spiritual restraint of a person. The norm of constitutional oath ceremony helps to raise the awareness to obey the rules for the civil servants. This paper reviews the history of constitution oath in contemporary China, and also compares relevant provisions of other countries. The paper then puts forward some problems, such as the lack of norm for constitution oath ceremony, and externalism in the practice of such a ceremony. Suggestions are proposed to solve the problems: legislation of relevant laws and regulations for constitutional oath ceremony; norm establishment of constitutional oath ceremony; publicity of constitutional oath ceremony; clarity of the relevant legal responsibility of constitutional oath ceremony.
引文
[1] 戴激涛.对我国建立国家元首宣誓制度的思考[J].时代法学, 2003(2):15-18.
[2] 孙谦,韩大元.世界各国宪法[M].北京:中国检察出版社,2012.
[3] 陶波.论中国宪法宣誓制度的建立[J].南方论刊,2008(2):45-46.
[4] 邹昌林.世界各国礼文化[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2000.
[5] 邓雨舒.我国公务员宣誓制度研究[D].湘潭:湘潭大学,2013.
[6] 冯俊新.向宪法宣誓是依宪治国的重要举措[J].河北省社会主义学院学报,2015(1):64-65.
[7] 刘连泰,周雨.宪法宣誓制度的“实”与“名”[J].浙江社会科学,2015(1):21-27,155.
[8] 莫菲.仪式与法:证人宣誓制度的法理学阐释[D].长春:吉林大学, 2007.
[9] 王亚平,谢天.实施宪法宣誓制度的几个问题[J].人大研究,2015(2):17-21.
[10] 蒋伟. 论建立忠于宪法的宣誓制度[J]. 法商研究(中南政法学院学报), 2000(5):58-62.
[11] 周温涛,陈思如. 我国公职人员宪法宣誓制度构建初探[J]. 法制与经济, 2015(8):125-127.
[2] 孙谦,韩大元.世界各国宪法[M].北京:中国检察出版社,2012.
[3] 陶波.论中国宪法宣誓制度的建立[J].南方论刊,2008(2):45-46.
[4] 邹昌林.世界各国礼文化[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2000.
[5] 邓雨舒.我国公务员宣誓制度研究[D].湘潭:湘潭大学,2013.
[6] 冯俊新.向宪法宣誓是依宪治国的重要举措[J].河北省社会主义学院学报,2015(1):64-65.
[7] 刘连泰,周雨.宪法宣誓制度的“实”与“名”[J].浙江社会科学,2015(1):21-27,155.
[8] 莫菲.仪式与法:证人宣誓制度的法理学阐释[D].长春:吉林大学, 2007.
[9] 王亚平,谢天.实施宪法宣誓制度的几个问题[J].人大研究,2015(2):17-21.
[10] 蒋伟. 论建立忠于宪法的宣誓制度[J]. 法商研究(中南政法学院学报), 2000(5):58-62.
[11] 周温涛,陈思如. 我国公职人员宪法宣誓制度构建初探[J]. 法制与经济, 2015(8):125-127.