抗农业病害真菌的海洋细菌筛选·发酵及分离初步研究
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摘要
[目的]筛选对农业病害真菌有较强拮抗作用的海洋细菌。[方法]以油菜菌核病菌(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)为筛选模型,采用平皿拮抗法筛选抗菌活性,对活性菌株进行发酵工艺优化,并对活性物质提取进行初探。[结果]海洋细菌菌株MB133具有明显抑菌现象,最优发酵工艺条件为最适培养温度28℃,发酵液中最适葡萄糖浓度2.0%,最适培养时间72 h;热稳定性试验表明活性物质对热不稳定;醇沉法提取有效物质发现抑菌组分在沉淀中。[结论]该研究为农用病害真菌的生物防治扩充了菌种资源。
[Objective]To screen the marine bacteria with strong antagonistic effect against agricultural diseases and fungi.[Method]Using Sclerotinia sclerotiorum as the screening model,the antimicrobial activity was screened by plate antagonism method.The optimization of fermentation process and the extraction of active substances from active strains were studied.[Result]The marine bacteria MB133 had obvious bacteriostasis phenomenon.The optimum fermentation conditions were as follows:the optimum culture temperature was 28 ℃,the optimum concentration of glucose in fermentation broth was 2.0%,and the optimum incubation time was 72 hours.Thermal stability test showed that the active substances were unstable to heat.Extraction of effective substances by alcohol precipitation showed that the antimicrobial components were in the precipitation.[Conclusion]This study expanded the strain resources for biological control of agricultural diseases and fungi.
[Objective]To screen the marine bacteria with strong antagonistic effect against agricultural diseases and fungi.[Method]Using Sclerotinia sclerotiorum as the screening model,the antimicrobial activity was screened by plate antagonism method.The optimization of fermentation process and the extraction of active substances from active strains were studied.[Result]The marine bacteria MB133 had obvious bacteriostasis phenomenon.The optimum fermentation conditions were as follows:the optimum culture temperature was 28 ℃,the optimum concentration of glucose in fermentation broth was 2.0%,and the optimum incubation time was 72 hours.Thermal stability test showed that the active substances were unstable to heat.Extraction of effective substances by alcohol precipitation showed that the antimicrobial components were in the precipitation.[Conclusion]This study expanded the strain resources for biological control of agricultural diseases and fungi.
引文
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[11] 郑露,丁颜敏,姜道宏,等.生防菌盾壳霉ZS-1菌株对油菜菌核病的田间防治效果[J].植物保护学报,2012,39(2):191-192.
[12] 曲均革,马佳慧,刘冰雪.产蛋白酶海洋细菌的筛选及产酶工艺优化[J].安徽农业科学,2018,46(4):93-96.
[2] HOU B,WU L H.Safety impact and farmer awareness of pesticide residues[J].Food and agricultural immunology,2010,21(3):191-200.
[3] 包永明.浅论大量使用化学农药的负面效应及对策[J].生物学教学,2002,27(9):30-32.
[4] 邱德文.生物农药的发展现状与趋势分析[J].中国生物防治学报,2015,31(5):679-684.
[5] BERNAN V S,GREENSTEIN M,MAIESE W M.Marine microorganisms as a source of new natural products[J].Advances in applied microbiology,1997,43:57-90.
[6] DONIA M,HAMANN M T.Marine natural products and their potential applications as anti-infective agents[J].The lancet infectious diseases,2003,3(6):338-348.
[7] MAYER A M S,RODRIGUEZ A D,BERLINCK R G S,et al.Marine pharmacology in 2007-8:Marine compounds with antibacterial,anticoagulant,antifungal,anti-inflammatory,antimalarial,antiprotozoal,antituberculosis,and antiviral activities;affecting the immune and nervous system,and other miscellaneous mechanisms of action[J].Comparative biochemistryand physiology part C:Toxicology & pharmacology,2011,153(2):191-222.
[8] 高雪,唐凯健,王利华,等.我国油菜菌核病综合治理研究进展[J].中国植保导刊,2009,29(6):15-18.
[9] 周乐聪.油菜菌核病流行与防治的研究概况[J].中国油料,1994(S1):101-108.
[10] 马桂珍,李世东,张拥华,等.核盘菌重寄生菌链孢粘帚霉HL-1-1菌株的生物学特性研究[J].植物病理学报,2004,34(4):307-313.
[11] 郑露,丁颜敏,姜道宏,等.生防菌盾壳霉ZS-1菌株对油菜菌核病的田间防治效果[J].植物保护学报,2012,39(2):191-192.
[12] 曲均革,马佳慧,刘冰雪.产蛋白酶海洋细菌的筛选及产酶工艺优化[J].安徽农业科学,2018,46(4):93-96.