社会主义内涵探析
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摘要
坚定理想信念,首先要准确把握理论。对马克思主义经典著作中"社会主义"的含义进行梳理,搞清楚马克思、列宁、斯大林、毛泽东笔下"社会主义"的含义变化,有助于加深对社会主义的理解。马克思本人是在相同意义上使用"共产主义"和"社会主义"的;列宁首次明确地将共产主义的初级阶段称之为社会主义,这显然是因为经济文化落后的俄国需要经历更长久的过渡时期和建设时期,客观现实要求在名称上加以强调以突显其长期必要性;斯大林一方面继承了马克思科学社会主义的框架解释,另一方面在实践中降低了社会主义的进入标准;受其影响,毛泽东在中国的社会主义实践过程中沿用了斯大林的观点。
To corroborate the ideal and conviction,first of all we should accurately grasp the theory. It is helpful to deepen our understanding of socialism to clarify the meaning of "socialism"in the classics of Marxism and to sort out its changes in the works of Marx,Lenin,Stalin and Mao Zedong. Marx used "communism"and "socialism"in the same sense; Lenin explicitly called the primary stage of communism " socialism" for the first time,which apparently was because Russia,economically and culturally backward,had to go through a longer period of transition and construction,and had to particularize the term to stress its importance. Stalin inherited the framework of the traditional scientific socialism from Marx on the one hand,and on the other hand he lowered the standard of the entry to socialism in practice. Under this influence,Mao Zedong followed Stalin's viewpoint in the process of socialist practice in China.
To corroborate the ideal and conviction,first of all we should accurately grasp the theory. It is helpful to deepen our understanding of socialism to clarify the meaning of "socialism"in the classics of Marxism and to sort out its changes in the works of Marx,Lenin,Stalin and Mao Zedong. Marx used "communism"and "socialism"in the same sense; Lenin explicitly called the primary stage of communism " socialism" for the first time,which apparently was because Russia,economically and culturally backward,had to go through a longer period of transition and construction,and had to particularize the term to stress its importance. Stalin inherited the framework of the traditional scientific socialism from Marx on the one hand,and on the other hand he lowered the standard of the entry to socialism in practice. Under this influence,Mao Zedong followed Stalin's viewpoint in the process of socialist practice in China.
引文
[1](俄)普列汉诺夫等.论空想社会主义(上卷)[M].北京:商务印刷出版社,1980:31.
[2]马克思恩格斯文集:第二卷[M].北京:人民出版社,2009.
[3]高放.也谈马克思主义经典著作中未来社会名词的历史演变[J].理论视野,1999(6).
[4]马克思恩格斯文集:第四卷[M].北京:人民出版社,2009.
[5]社会主义从空想到科学的发展[M].北京:人民出版社,2004:75-81.
[6]列宁专题文集:论社会主义[M].北京:人民出版社,2009.
[7]马克思恩格斯列宁斯大林论共产主义社会[M].北京:人民出版社,1958.
[8]斯大林文集(1934—1952)[M].北京:人民出版社,1985:101-103.
[9]毛泽东文集.第六卷,人民出版社,1993.
[10]毛泽东传(1949—1976).上,中央文献研究室编,逄先知,中央文献出版社,2003.
[2]马克思恩格斯文集:第二卷[M].北京:人民出版社,2009.
[3]高放.也谈马克思主义经典著作中未来社会名词的历史演变[J].理论视野,1999(6).
[4]马克思恩格斯文集:第四卷[M].北京:人民出版社,2009.
[5]社会主义从空想到科学的发展[M].北京:人民出版社,2004:75-81.
[6]列宁专题文集:论社会主义[M].北京:人民出版社,2009.
[7]马克思恩格斯列宁斯大林论共产主义社会[M].北京:人民出版社,1958.
[8]斯大林文集(1934—1952)[M].北京:人民出版社,1985:101-103.
[9]毛泽东文集.第六卷,人民出版社,1993.
[10]毛泽东传(1949—1976).上,中央文献研究室编,逄先知,中央文献出版社,2003.