胡颓子属种仁含油率及其脂肪酸组成分析
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摘要
为了解胡颓子属不同品种种仁含油率及其脂肪酸组成的差异性,从而为胡颓子属种子的深加工及其在日用化妆品中的深入研究和广泛应用提供参考依据,以胡颓子属7个品种的种子为试验材料,采用索氏提取法分别提取其种仁油并计算其含油率,同时还运用气相色谱法分析其脂肪酸组成,利用SPSS软件对其主要脂肪酸组成成分之间的相关性进行了分析。测定结果表明,胡颓子属7个品种的种仁含油率由大到小依次为:佘山羊奶子(22.71%)>蔓胡颓子(22.66%)>宜昌胡颓子(21.65%)>密花胡颓子(21.32%)>木半夏(21.11%)>银果胡颓子(20.62%)>胡颓子(18.68%)。GC分析鉴定结果表明:从胡颓子属种仁油中共检测出11种脂肪酸,其含量占总脂肪酸的93.6%以上,其中含量最高的是油酸。相关性分析结果表明:胡颓子属不同品种种仁含油率和脂肪酸组成间均存在一定的差异,油酸与亚油酸和花生烯酸间均呈现明显的负相关性。
In order to understand kernel oil rate and fatty acid composition differences of different varieties of Elaeagnus,and to provide some references for deep processing of Elaeagnus seeds and further research and extensive application in cosmetics,using seeds of seven varieties of Elaeagnus L.as experimental materials,kernel oils were extracted by Soxhlet extractor and oil rates were determined.Fatty acid components were measured by gas chromatography,and correlation between main fatty acids were analyzed by SPSS software.The results indicate that oil rates of seven varieties of Elaeagnus L.in descending order was following:E.argyi Lévl.(22.71%),E.glabra Thunb.(22.66%),E.henryiWarb.apud Diels(21.65%),E.conferta Roxb.(21.32%),E.multiflora Thunb.(21.11%),E.magna Rehd.(20.62%),E.pungens(18.68%).The results of analysis and identification by GC show that,total eleven fatty acids owned by all were identified in kernel oil of Elaeagnus L.,which accounted for more than 93.6% of total contents of fatty acids,and oleic acid content was the highest.The results of correlation analysis show that:kernel oil rates and fatty acid compositions had some differences among different varieties,and oleic acid showed obviously negative correlations with linoleic acid and arachidonic acid.
In order to understand kernel oil rate and fatty acid composition differences of different varieties of Elaeagnus,and to provide some references for deep processing of Elaeagnus seeds and further research and extensive application in cosmetics,using seeds of seven varieties of Elaeagnus L.as experimental materials,kernel oils were extracted by Soxhlet extractor and oil rates were determined.Fatty acid components were measured by gas chromatography,and correlation between main fatty acids were analyzed by SPSS software.The results indicate that oil rates of seven varieties of Elaeagnus L.in descending order was following:E.argyi Lévl.(22.71%),E.glabra Thunb.(22.66%),E.henryiWarb.apud Diels(21.65%),E.conferta Roxb.(21.32%),E.multiflora Thunb.(21.11%),E.magna Rehd.(20.62%),E.pungens(18.68%).The results of analysis and identification by GC show that,total eleven fatty acids owned by all were identified in kernel oil of Elaeagnus L.,which accounted for more than 93.6% of total contents of fatty acids,and oleic acid content was the highest.The results of correlation analysis show that:kernel oil rates and fatty acid compositions had some differences among different varieties,and oleic acid showed obviously negative correlations with linoleic acid and arachidonic acid.
引文
[1]陈新.川渝地区胡颓子属药用植物资源研究[J].成都中医药大学学报,2001,24(4):40-42.
[2]崔大方,付勉兴,陈考科,等.广东省胡颓子属植物种质资源及果实利用评价[J].植物资源与环境学报,2008,17(1):57-61.
[3]中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志·第五十二卷第二分册[M].北京:科学出版社,1983:2-60.
[4]Ahmadiani A,Hosseiny J,Semnanian S,et al.Antinociceptive and antiinflammatory effects of Elaeagnus angustifolia fruit extract[J].Journal of Ethnophar Macology,2000,72(2):287-292.
[5]Ramezani M,Hosseinzadeh H,Daneshmand N.Antinociptive effect of E Elaeagnus angustifolia fruit seeds in mice[J].Fitoterapia,2001,72(3):255-262.
[6]Hosseinzadeh H,Ramezani M,Namjo N.Muscle relaxant activity of Elaeagnus angustifolia L fruit seeds in mice[J].Journal of Ethnophar Macology,2003,84(3):275-278.
[7]Fordham I M,clevidence B A,Wiley E R,et al.Fruit of autumn olive a rich source of lycopene[J].Hort Science,2001,36(6):1136-1137.
[8]Cazzonelli I C.Carotenoids in nature:insights from plants and beyond[J].Funct Plant Biol,2011,38(7):833-847.
[9]FarréG,Sanahuja G,Naqvi S,et al.Travel advice on the road to carote noids in plants[J].Plant Science,2010,179(5):28-48.
[10]杨嘉.黎药角花胡颓子药理作用和机理及其安全性评价研究[D]重庆:重庆医科大学,2012.
[11]Clawson M L,CarúM,Benson D R.Diversity of Frankia strains in root nodules of plant froom the families Elaeagnaceae and Rhamnaceae[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2008,64(9):3539-3543.
[12]陈迪新.胡颓子的应用价值及其关键栽培技术[J].黑龙江农业科学,2008,20(4):93-94.
[13]彭国全,季梦成.江西胡颓子属植物资源及开发利用研究[J].江西农业大学学报,2004,26(2):64-66.
[14]曹展波,雷小林,龚春,等.江西胡颓子属植物种类与地理分布[J].南方林业科学,2016,44(3):23-26.
[15]杨昌煦,熊济华.重庆胡颓子植物种子资源与利用研究[J].西南农业大学学报,2002,24(1):26-29.
[16]赵鑫,朱瑞良,江彪,等.胡颓子有效部位化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2006,31(6):472-474.
[17]陈文静,刘翔如,邓秋菊,等.薄壳山核桃果实发育及脂肪酸变化规律[J].经济林研究,2016,34(2):50-55.
[18]车新,杨艳,李志辉,等.湖南省白檀农艺性状多样性及相关性研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(4):27-32.
[19]谷战英,陈昊,谭晓风,等.湖南省不同种源山苍子主要形态及经济性状的分析与评价[J].经济林研究,2017,35(2):95-99.
[20]何小三,龚春,黄建建,等.不同地理种源白木通经济性状差异的比较[J].经济林研究,2017,35(1):43-48.
[21]游璐,沈晋,王楚天,等.油茶土壤养分和果实主要经济性状对沼液用量的响应[J].经济林研究,2017,35(1):43-48.
[22]GB/T 14488.1-2008,植物油料含油量的测定[S].
[23]GB5009.168-2016,食品安全国家标准食品中脂肪酸的测定[S].
[24]Yamasaki M,Kishihara K,Ikeda I,et al.A recommended esterification method for gas chromatographic measurement of conjugated linoleic acid[J].Journal of the American Oil Chemists’Society,1999,76(8):933-938.
[2]崔大方,付勉兴,陈考科,等.广东省胡颓子属植物种质资源及果实利用评价[J].植物资源与环境学报,2008,17(1):57-61.
[3]中国科学院中国植物志编辑委员会.中国植物志·第五十二卷第二分册[M].北京:科学出版社,1983:2-60.
[4]Ahmadiani A,Hosseiny J,Semnanian S,et al.Antinociceptive and antiinflammatory effects of Elaeagnus angustifolia fruit extract[J].Journal of Ethnophar Macology,2000,72(2):287-292.
[5]Ramezani M,Hosseinzadeh H,Daneshmand N.Antinociptive effect of E Elaeagnus angustifolia fruit seeds in mice[J].Fitoterapia,2001,72(3):255-262.
[6]Hosseinzadeh H,Ramezani M,Namjo N.Muscle relaxant activity of Elaeagnus angustifolia L fruit seeds in mice[J].Journal of Ethnophar Macology,2003,84(3):275-278.
[7]Fordham I M,clevidence B A,Wiley E R,et al.Fruit of autumn olive a rich source of lycopene[J].Hort Science,2001,36(6):1136-1137.
[8]Cazzonelli I C.Carotenoids in nature:insights from plants and beyond[J].Funct Plant Biol,2011,38(7):833-847.
[9]FarréG,Sanahuja G,Naqvi S,et al.Travel advice on the road to carote noids in plants[J].Plant Science,2010,179(5):28-48.
[10]杨嘉.黎药角花胡颓子药理作用和机理及其安全性评价研究[D]重庆:重庆医科大学,2012.
[11]Clawson M L,CarúM,Benson D R.Diversity of Frankia strains in root nodules of plant froom the families Elaeagnaceae and Rhamnaceae[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2008,64(9):3539-3543.
[12]陈迪新.胡颓子的应用价值及其关键栽培技术[J].黑龙江农业科学,2008,20(4):93-94.
[13]彭国全,季梦成.江西胡颓子属植物资源及开发利用研究[J].江西农业大学学报,2004,26(2):64-66.
[14]曹展波,雷小林,龚春,等.江西胡颓子属植物种类与地理分布[J].南方林业科学,2016,44(3):23-26.
[15]杨昌煦,熊济华.重庆胡颓子植物种子资源与利用研究[J].西南农业大学学报,2002,24(1):26-29.
[16]赵鑫,朱瑞良,江彪,等.胡颓子有效部位化学成分研究[J].中国中药杂志,2006,31(6):472-474.
[17]陈文静,刘翔如,邓秋菊,等.薄壳山核桃果实发育及脂肪酸变化规律[J].经济林研究,2016,34(2):50-55.
[18]车新,杨艳,李志辉,等.湖南省白檀农艺性状多样性及相关性研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(4):27-32.
[19]谷战英,陈昊,谭晓风,等.湖南省不同种源山苍子主要形态及经济性状的分析与评价[J].经济林研究,2017,35(2):95-99.
[20]何小三,龚春,黄建建,等.不同地理种源白木通经济性状差异的比较[J].经济林研究,2017,35(1):43-48.
[21]游璐,沈晋,王楚天,等.油茶土壤养分和果实主要经济性状对沼液用量的响应[J].经济林研究,2017,35(1):43-48.
[22]GB/T 14488.1-2008,植物油料含油量的测定[S].
[23]GB5009.168-2016,食品安全国家标准食品中脂肪酸的测定[S].
[24]Yamasaki M,Kishihara K,Ikeda I,et al.A recommended esterification method for gas chromatographic measurement of conjugated linoleic acid[J].Journal of the American Oil Chemists’Society,1999,76(8):933-938.