益生菌发酵对胡萝卜水溶性多糖调节小鼠免疫功能的影响
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摘要
采用水提醇沉法从益生菌发酵前后的胡萝卜汁中提取水溶性多糖(分别记为WSP-n和WSP-p),并基于环磷酰胺诱导的免疫抑制小鼠模型,评价它们的免疫调节功能差异。结果显示,WSP-n与WSP-p均能提高胸腺指数、减缓脾脏肿大、抑制T淋巴细胞亚群分化异常和提高NK细胞毒性作用,同时能提高脾脏中细胞因子水平和血清中免疫球蛋白含量,并且WSP-p的作用强于WSP-n。表明胡萝卜多糖能有效改善机体的免疫机能,且益生菌发酵可增强胡萝卜多糖的免疫调节功能。
In this paper,immunosuppressive mice induced by cyclophosphamide are used to study the immunomodulatory effects of carrot polysaccharides before(WSP-n) and after(WSP-p) fermentation by probiotics.The results show that both WSP-n and WSP-p can increase thymus index,alleviate spleen enlargement,inhibit T lymphocyte subset differentiation abnormally,and increase NK cell toxicity,increase cytokine levels in spleen and serum immunoglobulin level.In addition,WSP-p works better than WSP-n.This indicates that carrot polysaccharide can effectively improve the immune function of immunosuppressive mice induced by cyclophosphamide,and probiotic fermentation enhances the immune regulation function of carrot polysaccharide.
In this paper,immunosuppressive mice induced by cyclophosphamide are used to study the immunomodulatory effects of carrot polysaccharides before(WSP-n) and after(WSP-p) fermentation by probiotics.The results show that both WSP-n and WSP-p can increase thymus index,alleviate spleen enlargement,inhibit T lymphocyte subset differentiation abnormally,and increase NK cell toxicity,increase cytokine levels in spleen and serum immunoglobulin level.In addition,WSP-p works better than WSP-n.This indicates that carrot polysaccharide can effectively improve the immune function of immunosuppressive mice induced by cyclophosphamide,and probiotic fermentation enhances the immune regulation function of carrot polysaccharide.
引文
[1] 马晓娟.乳酸菌发酵胡萝卜原浆技术及其产品性能研究[D].南昌大学,2013.
[2] ALGARRA M,FERNANDES A,MATEUS N,et al.Anthocyanin profile and antioxidant capacity of black carrots (Daucus carota L.ssp.sativus var.atrorubens Alef.) from Cuevas Bajas,Spain[J].Journal of Food Composition and Analysis,2014,33(1):71-76.
[3] SHARMA V,MISHRA H N.Fermentation of vegetable juice mixture by probiotic lactic acid bacteria[J].Nutrafoods,2013,12(1):17-22.
[4] 刘立新,张羽男,沙靖全.胡萝卜多糖抗炎及体外抗氧化作用研究[J].时珍国医国药,2011,22(10):2334-2335.
[5] AL B,AHMAD N,LEGOWO A M,et al.Enhancement antimicrobial activity of hyphothiocyanite using carrot against staphylococcus aureus and escherichia Coli[J].Procedia Food Science,2015,3:473-478.
[6] 阚国仕,顾先良,陈红漫.胡萝卜多糖与维生素E抗衰老作用比较研究[J].食品工业科技,2010,31(11):340-342.
[7] 阚国仕,杨艳侠,陈红漫.胡萝卜多糖降低血糖的功能研究[J].食品研究与开发,2015,36(1):118-121.
[8] 阚国仕,杨奉仪,陈红漫.胡萝卜多糖的分离纯化及抑制小鼠酒精肝损伤作用研究[J].食品科技,2011(7):165-168.
[9] DI C R,FILANNINO P,GOBBETTI M.Lactic acid fermentation drives the optimal volatile flavor-aroma profile of pomegranate juice[J].International Journal of Food Microbiology,2017,248:56-62.
[10] KWAW E,MA Y,TCHABO W,et al.Effect of fermentation parameters and their optimization on the phytochemical properties of lactic-acid-fermented mulberry juice[J].Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization,2017,11(3):1462-1473.
[11] TARHI K,GRILLE J P,SCHNEIDER F.Bifidobacteria Strain Behavior Toward Cholesterol:Coprecipitation with Bile Salts and Assimilation[J].Current Microbiology,1996,33(3):187-193.
[12] LI C,NIE S P,ZHU K X,et al.Lactobacillus plantarum NCU116 fermented carrot juice evokes changes of metabolites in serum from type 2 diabetic rats[J].Food Research International,2016,80:36-40.
[13] 孙筱林,李庆梅,褚新红.益生菌共生发酵对巴西菇多糖抑瘤作用的影响[J].中国中医药信息杂志,2010(S1):31-32.
[14] WAN Y J ,SHI H F,XU R ,et al.Origin of Hypoglycemic Benefits of Probiotic-Fermented Carrot Pulp[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2019.67(3):895-904.
[15] WAN Y J,XU M M,GILBERT,et al.Colloid chemistry approach to understand the storage stability of fermented carrot juice[J].Food Hydrocolloids,2019.89:623-630.
[16] 徐萌萌,殷军艺,万宇俊,等.益生菌发酵胡萝卜汁中不同方法制备的水溶性多糖理化特性[J].食品工业科技,2016,37(15):125-128.
[17] HUANG X J,NIE S P,CAI H L,et al.Study on dendrobium officinale O-acetyl-glucomannan (Dendronan):Part IV.Immunomodulatory activity in vivo[J].Journal of Functional Foods,2015,15:525-532.
[18] 孙守坤,宋涛,卢义.刺五加酸性多糖对免疫低下小鼠的免疫调节作用[J].免疫学杂志,2018,34(10):40-45.
[19] KUMAR V P,VENKATESH Y P.Alleviation of cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in Wistar rats by onion lectin (Allium cepa agglutinin)[J].Journal of ethnopharmacology,2016,186:280-288.
[20] 吴长有.Th17细胞:一种新的效应CD4+ T细胞亚群[J].细胞与分子免疫学杂志,2006,22(6):695-697.
[21] STEPHANIE L C,BOTTOMLY K.Induction of Th1 and Th2 CD4+ T cell responses:The Alternative Approaches[J].Annual Review of Immunology,1997,15(15):297-322.
[22] 田志刚,孙汭.CD4+ T和CD8+ T细胞的新功能[J].国外医学(肿瘤学分册),1997(3):153-154.
[23] HUANG X J,CAI H L,GLYN O P,et al.Study on dendrobiumofficinale O-acetyl-glucomannan (Dendronan):Part III-Immunomodulatoryactivity in vitro[J].Bioactive Carbohydrates & Dietary Fibre,2015,5(2):99-105.
[24] REN Z,HE C,FAN Y,et al.Immuno-enhancement effects of ethanol extract from Cyrtomium macrophyllum (Makino) Tagawa on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in BALB/c mice[J].Journal of Ethnopharmacology,2014,155(1):769-775.
[25] BAUER S,GROH V,WU J,et al.Pillars Article:Activation of NK Cells and T Cells by NKG2D,a Receptor for Stress-Inducible MICA.Science.1999.285:727-729[J].Journal of Immunology,2018,200(7):2231-2233.
[26] YU Q,NIE S P,WANG J Q,et al.Chemoprotective effects of ganoderma atrum polysaccharide in cyclophosphamide-induced mice[J].International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2014,64:395-401.
[27] 李倩楠,葛晓群.黄芩苷的解热作用及对细胞因子的影响[J].中国中药杂志,2010,35(8):1068-1072.
[28] SAKAGUCHI S,SAKAGUCHI N,ASANO M,et al.Pillars article:immunologic self-tolerance maintained by activated T cells expressing IL-2 receptor α-chains (CD25).Breakdown of a single mechanism of self-tolerance causes various autoimmune diseases.J.Immunol.1995[J].Journal of Immunology,2011,186(7):3808-3821.
[29] XING Z.IL-6 is an antiinflammatory cytokine required for controlling local or systemic acute inflammatory responses[J].Journal of Clinical Investigation,1998,101(2):311-320.
[30] FIORENTINO D F.IL-10 inhibits cytokine production by activated macrophages[J].Journal of Immunol,1991,147(1):3815-3 822.
[31] EHRENSTEIN M R,EVANS J G,SINGH A,et al.Compromised function of regulatory T cells in rheumatoid arthritis and reversal by anti-TNFα therapy[J].Journal of Experimental Medicine,2004,200(3):277-285.
[32] SARMIENOTO M.lgG or IgM monoclonal antibodies reactive with different determinants on the molecular complex bearing Lyt 2 antigen block T cell-mediated cytolysis in the absence of complement[J].Journal of Immunol,1980,125(6):2665-2672.
[33] WACHHOLZ P A,DURHAM S R.Mechanisms of immunotherapy:IgG revisited[J].Current Opinion in Allergy & Clinical Immunology,2004,4(4):313.
[34] PETESON D A,MCNULTY N P,GURUGE J L,et al.IgA response to symbiotic bacteria as a mediator of gut homeostasis[J].Cell Host & Microbe,2007,2(5):328-339.
[2] ALGARRA M,FERNANDES A,MATEUS N,et al.Anthocyanin profile and antioxidant capacity of black carrots (Daucus carota L.ssp.sativus var.atrorubens Alef.) from Cuevas Bajas,Spain[J].Journal of Food Composition and Analysis,2014,33(1):71-76.
[3] SHARMA V,MISHRA H N.Fermentation of vegetable juice mixture by probiotic lactic acid bacteria[J].Nutrafoods,2013,12(1):17-22.
[4] 刘立新,张羽男,沙靖全.胡萝卜多糖抗炎及体外抗氧化作用研究[J].时珍国医国药,2011,22(10):2334-2335.
[5] AL B,AHMAD N,LEGOWO A M,et al.Enhancement antimicrobial activity of hyphothiocyanite using carrot against staphylococcus aureus and escherichia Coli[J].Procedia Food Science,2015,3:473-478.
[6] 阚国仕,顾先良,陈红漫.胡萝卜多糖与维生素E抗衰老作用比较研究[J].食品工业科技,2010,31(11):340-342.
[7] 阚国仕,杨艳侠,陈红漫.胡萝卜多糖降低血糖的功能研究[J].食品研究与开发,2015,36(1):118-121.
[8] 阚国仕,杨奉仪,陈红漫.胡萝卜多糖的分离纯化及抑制小鼠酒精肝损伤作用研究[J].食品科技,2011(7):165-168.
[9] DI C R,FILANNINO P,GOBBETTI M.Lactic acid fermentation drives the optimal volatile flavor-aroma profile of pomegranate juice[J].International Journal of Food Microbiology,2017,248:56-62.
[10] KWAW E,MA Y,TCHABO W,et al.Effect of fermentation parameters and their optimization on the phytochemical properties of lactic-acid-fermented mulberry juice[J].Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization,2017,11(3):1462-1473.
[11] TARHI K,GRILLE J P,SCHNEIDER F.Bifidobacteria Strain Behavior Toward Cholesterol:Coprecipitation with Bile Salts and Assimilation[J].Current Microbiology,1996,33(3):187-193.
[12] LI C,NIE S P,ZHU K X,et al.Lactobacillus plantarum NCU116 fermented carrot juice evokes changes of metabolites in serum from type 2 diabetic rats[J].Food Research International,2016,80:36-40.
[13] 孙筱林,李庆梅,褚新红.益生菌共生发酵对巴西菇多糖抑瘤作用的影响[J].中国中医药信息杂志,2010(S1):31-32.
[14] WAN Y J ,SHI H F,XU R ,et al.Origin of Hypoglycemic Benefits of Probiotic-Fermented Carrot Pulp[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2019.67(3):895-904.
[15] WAN Y J,XU M M,GILBERT,et al.Colloid chemistry approach to understand the storage stability of fermented carrot juice[J].Food Hydrocolloids,2019.89:623-630.
[16] 徐萌萌,殷军艺,万宇俊,等.益生菌发酵胡萝卜汁中不同方法制备的水溶性多糖理化特性[J].食品工业科技,2016,37(15):125-128.
[17] HUANG X J,NIE S P,CAI H L,et al.Study on dendrobium officinale O-acetyl-glucomannan (Dendronan):Part IV.Immunomodulatory activity in vivo[J].Journal of Functional Foods,2015,15:525-532.
[18] 孙守坤,宋涛,卢义.刺五加酸性多糖对免疫低下小鼠的免疫调节作用[J].免疫学杂志,2018,34(10):40-45.
[19] KUMAR V P,VENKATESH Y P.Alleviation of cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in Wistar rats by onion lectin (Allium cepa agglutinin)[J].Journal of ethnopharmacology,2016,186:280-288.
[20] 吴长有.Th17细胞:一种新的效应CD4+ T细胞亚群[J].细胞与分子免疫学杂志,2006,22(6):695-697.
[21] STEPHANIE L C,BOTTOMLY K.Induction of Th1 and Th2 CD4+ T cell responses:The Alternative Approaches[J].Annual Review of Immunology,1997,15(15):297-322.
[22] 田志刚,孙汭.CD4+ T和CD8+ T细胞的新功能[J].国外医学(肿瘤学分册),1997(3):153-154.
[23] HUANG X J,CAI H L,GLYN O P,et al.Study on dendrobiumofficinale O-acetyl-glucomannan (Dendronan):Part III-Immunomodulatoryactivity in vitro[J].Bioactive Carbohydrates & Dietary Fibre,2015,5(2):99-105.
[24] REN Z,HE C,FAN Y,et al.Immuno-enhancement effects of ethanol extract from Cyrtomium macrophyllum (Makino) Tagawa on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in BALB/c mice[J].Journal of Ethnopharmacology,2014,155(1):769-775.
[25] BAUER S,GROH V,WU J,et al.Pillars Article:Activation of NK Cells and T Cells by NKG2D,a Receptor for Stress-Inducible MICA.Science.1999.285:727-729[J].Journal of Immunology,2018,200(7):2231-2233.
[26] YU Q,NIE S P,WANG J Q,et al.Chemoprotective effects of ganoderma atrum polysaccharide in cyclophosphamide-induced mice[J].International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2014,64:395-401.
[27] 李倩楠,葛晓群.黄芩苷的解热作用及对细胞因子的影响[J].中国中药杂志,2010,35(8):1068-1072.
[28] SAKAGUCHI S,SAKAGUCHI N,ASANO M,et al.Pillars article:immunologic self-tolerance maintained by activated T cells expressing IL-2 receptor α-chains (CD25).Breakdown of a single mechanism of self-tolerance causes various autoimmune diseases.J.Immunol.1995[J].Journal of Immunology,2011,186(7):3808-3821.
[29] XING Z.IL-6 is an antiinflammatory cytokine required for controlling local or systemic acute inflammatory responses[J].Journal of Clinical Investigation,1998,101(2):311-320.
[30] FIORENTINO D F.IL-10 inhibits cytokine production by activated macrophages[J].Journal of Immunol,1991,147(1):3815-3 822.
[31] EHRENSTEIN M R,EVANS J G,SINGH A,et al.Compromised function of regulatory T cells in rheumatoid arthritis and reversal by anti-TNFα therapy[J].Journal of Experimental Medicine,2004,200(3):277-285.
[32] SARMIENOTO M.lgG or IgM monoclonal antibodies reactive with different determinants on the molecular complex bearing Lyt 2 antigen block T cell-mediated cytolysis in the absence of complement[J].Journal of Immunol,1980,125(6):2665-2672.
[33] WACHHOLZ P A,DURHAM S R.Mechanisms of immunotherapy:IgG revisited[J].Current Opinion in Allergy & Clinical Immunology,2004,4(4):313.
[34] PETESON D A,MCNULTY N P,GURUGE J L,et al.IgA response to symbiotic bacteria as a mediator of gut homeostasis[J].Cell Host & Microbe,2007,2(5):328-339.