柴达木盆地昆北油田冲积扇厚层砂砾岩储集层内部隔夹层
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摘要
柴达木盆地昆北油田切12区下干柴沟组发育冲积扇型厚层砂砾岩油藏。综合利用地质、测井和开发动态资料剖析冲积扇的沉积构型,分析各构型单元中隔夹层的成因、规模和分布样式,揭示冲积扇整体表现为下粗上细的湖进退积型沉积序列,划分出4个沉积构型单元:"泛连通体"夹间歇性水道单元、稳定水道叠置分隔形成的复合水道单元、辫状水道与漫流沉积侧向相间单元、径流水道镶嵌于洪泛平原泥岩之中的单元。分析表明,厚层砂砾岩的内部受泥质杂基或胶结作用的差异控制,发育物性上的隔夹层。建立了一套多参数交叠的砂砾岩隔夹层测井识别方法。冲积扇中各构型单元的隔夹层分布样式差异大。明确了切12区存在"千层饼"状和"整体分散、局部交织"状2类隔夹层分布样式,其中,"千层饼"状样式分布于"泛连通体"单元内,"整体分散、局部交织"状样式分布于复合水道单元、辫状水道与漫流沉积侧向相间单元内。通过"层状、不连续生产层"油藏地质模型的重构,提出了"分层次、按层精细注水"的方案,有效地指导了切12区的油藏综合治理,并取得了一定应用实效。
In Qie12 block of Kunbei oilfield,Qaidam Basin,alluvial-fan thick sandy conglomerate reservoir is developed in the Lower Ganchaigou Formation.Comprehensively using the geology,logging and production dynamic data,this paper analyzes the pattern of alluvial fan sedimentary structure as well as the genetic mechanism,size and distribution pattern of inter-layers in different sedimentary structure units.Four sedimentary structure units are established in the alluvial fan with a lake transgression and retrogradation sedimentary sequence of grain size upward-fining vertically,including the extensively connecting body sandwiched with intermittent channels,the composite channel unit formed by the overlapping and separation of stable channels,the lateral alternated unit with braided channel and sheet flow sediment,and the runoff channel inlaid in flood plain mudstone.The results show that as viewed from physical properties,the development of inter-layer in thick sandy conglomerate is controlled by the difference of argillaceous matrix or cementation.A set of multi-parameter overlapping logging identification method is formed for sandy conglomerate interlayers,the distribution pattern of which vary significantly in different sedimentary structure units of alluvial fan,so as to analyze two types of distribution patterns of interlayer,i.e.,"layer-cake architecture"distributed in the extensively connecting body,and"generally scattered and locally interlaced"pattern in the composite channel and the lateral alternated unit with braided channel and sheet flow sediment.By reconstructing the geology model of"layered and discontinuous production horizons",the"stratified fine water injection"scheme is put forward to effectively guide the reservoir comprehensive management in Qie12 block,and achieve certain practical effect.
In Qie12 block of Kunbei oilfield,Qaidam Basin,alluvial-fan thick sandy conglomerate reservoir is developed in the Lower Ganchaigou Formation.Comprehensively using the geology,logging and production dynamic data,this paper analyzes the pattern of alluvial fan sedimentary structure as well as the genetic mechanism,size and distribution pattern of inter-layers in different sedimentary structure units.Four sedimentary structure units are established in the alluvial fan with a lake transgression and retrogradation sedimentary sequence of grain size upward-fining vertically,including the extensively connecting body sandwiched with intermittent channels,the composite channel unit formed by the overlapping and separation of stable channels,the lateral alternated unit with braided channel and sheet flow sediment,and the runoff channel inlaid in flood plain mudstone.The results show that as viewed from physical properties,the development of inter-layer in thick sandy conglomerate is controlled by the difference of argillaceous matrix or cementation.A set of multi-parameter overlapping logging identification method is formed for sandy conglomerate interlayers,the distribution pattern of which vary significantly in different sedimentary structure units of alluvial fan,so as to analyze two types of distribution patterns of interlayer,i.e.,"layer-cake architecture"distributed in the extensively connecting body,and"generally scattered and locally interlaced"pattern in the composite channel and the lateral alternated unit with braided channel and sheet flow sediment.By reconstructing the geology model of"layered and discontinuous production horizons",the"stratified fine water injection"scheme is put forward to effectively guide the reservoir comprehensive management in Qie12 block,and achieve certain practical effect.
引文
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[2]陈轩,杨振峰,王振奇,等.大型斜坡区冲积-河流体系沉积特征与岩性油气藏形成条件——以准噶尔盆地春光区块沙湾组为例[J].石油学报,2016,37(9):1090-1101.CHEN Xuan,YANG Zhenfeng,WANG Zhenqi,et al.Sedimentary characteristics of alluvial-fluvial systems and forming conditions of lithologic reservoirs in the large slope area:a case study of Neogene Shawan Formation in Chunguang block,Junggar Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(9):1090-1101.
[3]吴胜和,范峥,许长福,等.新疆克拉玛依油田三叠系克下组冲积扇内部构型[J].古地理学报,2012,14(3):331-340.WU Shenghe,FAN Zheng,XU Changfu,et al.Internal architecture of alluvial fan in the Triassic Lower Karamay Formation in Karamay oilfield,Xinjiang[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2012,14(3):331-340.
[4]王国鹏,何光玉.双河油田厚油层内夹层分布特征[J].石油勘探与开发,1995,22(2):55-58.WANG Guopeng,HE Guangyu.Distribution of the intercalations in thick reservoirs,Shuanghe oilfield[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1995,22(2):55-58.
[5]范坤,朱文卿,周代余,等.隔夹层对巨厚砂岩油藏注气开发的影响——以塔里木盆地东河1油田石炭系油藏为例[J].石油学报,2015,36(4):475-481.FAN Kun,ZHU Wenqing,ZHOU Daiyu,et al.Effect of interlayers in thick sandstone reservoir for gas injection:a case study of Donghe 1 Carboniferous oil reservoir in Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2015,36(4):475-481.
[6]袁新涛,吴向红,张新征,等.苏丹Fula油田辫状河储层内夹层沉积成因及井间预测[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2013,37(1):8-12.YUAN Xintao,WU Xianghong,ZHANG Xinzheng,et al.Sedimentary origin and interwell prediction of interbeds in braided river reservoir,Fula oilfield in Sudan[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Edition of Natural Science,2013,37(1):8-12.
[7]林伶,牟中海,马达德,等.昆北油田切12区E31碎屑岩储层特征及控制因素[J].特种油气藏,2011,18(4):26-29.LIN Ling,MOU Zhonghai,MA Dade,et al.Characteristics and control factors of the E31 clastic rock reservoir in the Q12 block of the Kunbei oilfield[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2011,18(4):26-29.
[8]谭先锋,夏敏全,张勤学,等.柴达木盆地西南缘下干柴沟组下段辫状河三角洲沉积特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2016,37(3):332-340.TAN Xianfeng,XIA Minquan,ZHANG Qinxue,et al.Sedimentary characteristics of braided river delta of the lower member of the Lower Ganchaigou Formation in southwestern Qaidam Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2016,37(3):332-340.
[9]付锁堂,马达德,汪立群,等.柴达木盆地昆北冲断带古隆起油藏特征及油气成藏条件[J].石油学报,2013,34(4):675-682.FU Suotang,MA Dade,WANG Liqun,et al.Characteristics and accumulation conditions of paleo-uplift reservoirs in Kunbei thrust belt,Qaidam Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(4):675-682.
[10] MIALL A D.Architectural-element analysis:a new method of facies analysis applied to fluvial deposits[J].Earth-Science Reviews,1985,22(4):261-308.
[11]刘君龙,纪友亮,张克银,等.川西前陆盆地侏罗系沉积体系变迁及演化模式[J].石油学报,2016,37(6):743-756.LIU Junlong,JI Youliang,ZHANG Keyin,et al.Jurassic sedimentary system transition and evolution model in Western Sichuan Foreland Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(6):743-756.
[12]束青林.孤岛油田馆陶组河流相储层隔夹层成因研究[J].石油学报,2006,27(3):100-103.SHU Qinglin.Interlayer characterization of fluvial reservoir in Guantao Formation of Gudao oilfield[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2006,27(3):100-103.
[13]邓亚,郭睿,田中元,等.碳酸盐岩储集层隔夹层地质特征及成因——以伊拉克西古尔纳油田白垩系Mishrif组为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2016,43(1):136-144.DENG Ya,GUO Rui,TIAN Zhongyuan,et al.Geologic features and genesis of the barriers and intercalations in carbonates:a case study of the Cretaceous Mishrif Formation,West Qurna oil field,Iraq[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2016,43(1):136-144.
[14]王洋,刘婧,汪建国,等.塔里木盆地东河1油藏东河砂岩隔夹层形成的主控因素及流体来源[J].石油学报,2015,36(2):174-181.WANG Yang,LIU Jing,WANG Jianguo,et al.Major controlling factors for the formation of inter-layer of Donghe sandstone of Donghe 1 reservoir in Tarim Basin and its fluid source[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2015,36(2):174-181.
[15]操应长,杨田,宋明水,等.陆相断陷湖盆低渗透碎屑岩储层特征及相对优质储层成因——以济阳坳陷东营凹陷古近系为例[J].石油学报,2018,39(7):727-743.CAO Yingchang,YANG Tian,SONG Mingshui,et al.Characteristics of low-permeability clastic reservoirs and genesis of relatively high-quality reservoirs in the continental rift lake basin:a case study of Paleogene in the Dongying sag,Jiyang depression[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2018,39(7):727-743.
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