超级稻2种栽培方式示范产量等性状比较
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摘要
水稻高产栽培必须良种与良法相配套。采用自主集成创新技术——钵盘营养土旱育秧超稀摆栽高产高效综合技术和超级稻"早稀控大壮"软盘旱育秧农机农艺配套高产栽培技术,在同等条件下进行栽培对比示范,产量差异明显。人工稀摆秧方式能更好地发挥超级稻品种生产潜力,生长势强、剑叶长、后期光合面积大、纹枯病发生轻、穗大粒多;机械插秧栽培则表现为结实率高、千粒重较重。8个品种中,广两优1128和深08S/R1128的2种栽培方式均表现较好。2套栽培技术均以提高秧苗素质为重点,加上改进规范人工抛秧和机插秧栽培的关键操作管理方法,更适宜于本地大面积推广超级稻品种时配套应用。
The rice planting with high yield needs the matching of good seeds and good techniques. The independent integrated innovative technologies including the synthetical technology composed of dry raising potted-seedling in the nutrient soil and particularly sparse planting,and the high yield cultivation technology equipped with ″Early,sparse,control,big,robust″ techniques in the dry raising seedling in soft pot and combination of agronomy and farming machinery in the cultivation of super rice,were used in the comparative model cultivation and there was evident difference in the yield of rice. The manual sparse planting could provide the production potential of super rice with strong grow power,long flag leaves,big photosynthetic area in the later stage,light sheath blight,big spike and more grains,while the machine rice transplantation showed high maturing rate and big thousand seed weight. Among the eight varieties,Guangliangyou 1128 and Shen 08S/R1128 exhibited good in both planting techniques,which focused on improving the qualities of the rice seedling and standardizing the key operations management in seedling slinging and machine-transplanted planting.These techniques were suitable for local large-scale promotion of super rice varieties in the practical application.
The rice planting with high yield needs the matching of good seeds and good techniques. The independent integrated innovative technologies including the synthetical technology composed of dry raising potted-seedling in the nutrient soil and particularly sparse planting,and the high yield cultivation technology equipped with ″Early,sparse,control,big,robust″ techniques in the dry raising seedling in soft pot and combination of agronomy and farming machinery in the cultivation of super rice,were used in the comparative model cultivation and there was evident difference in the yield of rice. The manual sparse planting could provide the production potential of super rice with strong grow power,long flag leaves,big photosynthetic area in the later stage,light sheath blight,big spike and more grains,while the machine rice transplantation showed high maturing rate and big thousand seed weight. Among the eight varieties,Guangliangyou 1128 and Shen 08S/R1128 exhibited good in both planting techniques,which focused on improving the qualities of the rice seedling and standardizing the key operations management in seedling slinging and machine-transplanted planting.These techniques were suitable for local large-scale promotion of super rice varieties in the practical application.
引文
[1]朱德峰.超级稻栽培技术[M].北京:金盾出版社,2006.
[2]宋云生,张洪程,郭保卫,等.水稻钵苗机插旱育秧配套技术及综合探讨[J].作物杂志,2014(5):99-104.
[3]杨惠杰,房贤涛,何花榕,等.福建超级稻品种的产量结构特征分析[J].福建农业学报,2012,27(9):968-972.
[4]梁成刚,汪燕,何加林,等.栽培技术对水稻单位面积产量的权重研究[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(6):142-147.
[5]马国辉,刘茂秋,罗富林.超级稻专用肥在杂交中稻中的应用效果比较研究[J].杂交水稻,2013(4):40-42.
[6]吴桂成,张洪程,钱银飞,等.粳型超级稻产量构成因素协同规律及超高产特征的研究[J].中国农业科学,2010(2):266-276.
[7]程式华.粮食安全与超级稻育种[J].中国稻米,2005(4):1-3.
[8]黄英金,徐正进.对超级稻研究中几个问题的思考[J].中国农业科技导报,2004(5):3-7.
[2]宋云生,张洪程,郭保卫,等.水稻钵苗机插旱育秧配套技术及综合探讨[J].作物杂志,2014(5):99-104.
[3]杨惠杰,房贤涛,何花榕,等.福建超级稻品种的产量结构特征分析[J].福建农业学报,2012,27(9):968-972.
[4]梁成刚,汪燕,何加林,等.栽培技术对水稻单位面积产量的权重研究[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(6):142-147.
[5]马国辉,刘茂秋,罗富林.超级稻专用肥在杂交中稻中的应用效果比较研究[J].杂交水稻,2013(4):40-42.
[6]吴桂成,张洪程,钱银飞,等.粳型超级稻产量构成因素协同规律及超高产特征的研究[J].中国农业科学,2010(2):266-276.
[7]程式华.粮食安全与超级稻育种[J].中国稻米,2005(4):1-3.
[8]黄英金,徐正进.对超级稻研究中几个问题的思考[J].中国农业科技导报,2004(5):3-7.