长白山区濒危植物朝鲜崖柏种群数量特征及动态
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摘要
朝鲜崖柏为国家二级重点保护植物,是长白山区特有的濒危树种,具有重要的经济价值和观赏价值.在对朝鲜崖柏主要分布区野生资源进行调查基础上,首次利用个体基径和年龄数据建立不同群落朝鲜崖柏种群的龄级结构、静态生命表和生存函数,用动态指数和时间序列分析预测其种群发展趋势.结果表明:朝鲜崖柏种群的龄级结构呈"∩"型,属衰退型;分布于暗针叶林下的朝鲜崖柏种群存活曲线趋向于Deevey-Ⅲ型,纯林群落种群趋向于Deevey-Ⅱ型;种群生存分析显示,暗针叶林下朝鲜崖柏种群的生存函数呈现不规则的波动状态,种群分布表现为早期锐减、中期稳定、后期衰退的动态特征,纯林群落中,种群分布表现为早期稳定、中期增长、后期缓慢衰退的特点;动态指数和时间序列分析显示,暗针叶林下朝鲜崖柏种群的衰退速度略高于纯林群落.综合分析表明,朝鲜崖柏种群具有一定的恢复能力,应适当采取人工抚育,促进其种群正常更新.
Thuja koraiensis, a second-class nationally protected plant species, is a unique endangered tree species in Changbai Mountain, with important economic and ornamental value. In this study, the age structure, static life table, and survival function of T. koraiensis were established by using individual root diameter and age data based on investigation of wild resources in the main distribution areas of T. koraiensis. The population development trend was predicted by dynamic index and time series analysis. The results showed that the age-class structure of T. koraiensis population was in the shape of "∩", which was a decline type. The survival curve of T. koraiensis population under the dark coniferous forest was the Deevey-Ⅲ type, and was Deevey-Ⅱ type in pure forest community. Population survival analysis showed that the survival function of T. koraiensis appeared irregular fluctuation under the dark coniferous forest. The population distribution showed dynamic features of sharp drop in early age period, stable in middle age period, and decline in old age pe-riod. In the pure forest community, the dynamic pattern was characterized by the stability in early age period, growth in middle age period, and recession in old age period. Dynamic index and time series analysis showed that the decline rate of dark coniferous forest community was slightly higher than that of pure forest community. Our results showed that T. koraiensis had some recovery ability and that artificial tending should be used to promote its normal regeneration.
Thuja koraiensis, a second-class nationally protected plant species, is a unique endangered tree species in Changbai Mountain, with important economic and ornamental value. In this study, the age structure, static life table, and survival function of T. koraiensis were established by using individual root diameter and age data based on investigation of wild resources in the main distribution areas of T. koraiensis. The population development trend was predicted by dynamic index and time series analysis. The results showed that the age-class structure of T. koraiensis population was in the shape of "∩", which was a decline type. The survival curve of T. koraiensis population under the dark coniferous forest was the Deevey-Ⅲ type, and was Deevey-Ⅱ type in pure forest community. Population survival analysis showed that the survival function of T. koraiensis appeared irregular fluctuation under the dark coniferous forest. The population distribution showed dynamic features of sharp drop in early age period, stable in middle age period, and decline in old age pe-riod. In the pure forest community, the dynamic pattern was characterized by the stability in early age period, growth in middle age period, and recession in old age period. Dynamic index and time series analysis showed that the decline rate of dark coniferous forest community was slightly higher than that of pure forest community. Our results showed that T. koraiensis had some recovery ability and that artificial tending should be used to promote its normal regeneration.
引文
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[12] Lin Y (林勇) ,Ai X-R (艾训儒) ,Yao L (姚兰),et al.Population structure and dynamics of Metasequoia glyptostroboides parent trees.Chinese Journal of Ecology (生态学杂志),2017,36(6):1531-1538 (in Chinese)
[13] Hong W (洪伟) ,Wang X-G (王新功) ,Wu C-Z (吴承祯),et al.Life table and spectral analysis of endangered plant Taxus chinensis var.mairei population.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报),2004,15(6):1109-1112 (in Chinese)
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[17] Wang M-L (王明亮).Study On Remain Geographic Distribution,Community Characteristics and Population Ecology of Endangered Species Picea Neoveitchii.PhD Thesis.Shanghai:East China Normal University,2010 (in Chinese)
[18] Li Y-L (李艳丽),Yang H (杨华),Kang X-G (亢新刚),et al.Population structures and dynamics of Abiesnephrolepis and Picea koraiensis in the Changbai Mountains of northeastern China.Journal of Beijing Forestry University (北京林业大学学报),2014,36(3):18-25 (in Chinese)
[19] Jin H (金慧),Zhao Y (赵莹),Yin H (尹航),et al.Quantitative characteristics and dynamic analysis of the endangered species Rhododendron chrysanthum population in Changbai Mountain.Chinese Journal of Ecology (生态学杂志),2017,36(11):3123-3130 (in Chinese)
[20] Chen X-D (陈晓德).A study on the method of quantitative analysis for plant population and community structural dynamics.Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报),1998,18(2):214-217 (in Chinese)
[21] Yang L-R (杨立荣),Zhang Z-L (张治礼),Yun Y (云勇),et al.The population structure and dynamics of Dracaena cambodiana,an endangered tree on Hainan Islan.Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报),2018,38(8):2802-2815 (in Chinese)
[22] Liu D (刘丹),Liu S-L (刘士玲),Guo Z-L (郭忠玲),et al.Population life table and time sequence prediction of Alnus sibirica.Journal of Beijing Forestry University (北京林业大学学报),2017,39(10):62-69 (in Chinese)
[23] Xiong B-M (熊斌梅),Wang Z-X (汪正祥),Li Z-Q (李中强),et al.Study on the correlation among age,DBH and tree height of the Pseudotsuga sinensis in Qizimei Mountain Nature Reserve.Forest Resource Management (林业资源管理),2016(4):41-46 (in Chinese)
[24] Li W-Y (李文英),Li X (李欣),Gan X-X (甘小洪).Population structure and dynamics of endangered plant Tetracentron sinense.Subtropical Plant Science (亚热带植物科学),2018,47(3):222-228 (in Chinese)
[25] Jiang Z-M (姜在民),He Z-S (和子森),Su H (宿昊),et al.Population structure and dynamic characteristics of endangered Syringa pinnatifolia Hemsl.Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报),2018,38(7):2471-2480 (in Chinese)
[26] Yuan C-M (袁春明),Meng G-T (孟广涛),Fang X-J (方向京),et al.Age structure and spatial distribution of the rare and endangered plant Alcimandra cathcartii.Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报),2012,32(12):3866-3872 (in Chinese)
[27] Yuan Z-Z (袁志忠),Bao W-K (包维楷),He B-H (何丙辉).Dynamic analysis on age structure of Cupressus chengiana populations in four geographical areas.Journal of Plant Resouces And Environment (植物资源与环境学报),2004,13(3):25-30 (in Chinese)
[28] Liu H-Y (刘海洋),Jin X-L (金晓玲),Shen S-Y (沈守云),et al.Population quantitative characteristics and dynamics of rare and endangered plant Davidia involucrata in Hunan Province.Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报),2012,32(24):7738-7746 (in Chinese)
[29] Wang K-P (王克鹏),Dongoing B (董博),Wang Y-W (王彦武),et al.Analysis of reproductive ecological factors of endangered Rhodiola gannanica.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报),2016,27(7):2205-2211 (in Chinese)
[2] Zhang W (张维),Jiao Z-W (焦子伟),Shang T-C (尚天翠),et al.Demography and spectrum analysis of Juglans cathayensis populations at different altitudes in the west Tianshan valley in Xinjiang,China.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报),2015,26(4):1091-1098 (in Chinese)
[3] Wang G-R (王戈戎),Xia F-C (夏富才),Liu B-D (刘宝东),et al.Habitat and height growth rythm of Thuja koraiensis.Journal of Beihua University (北华大学学报) ,2017,18(3):312-314 (in Chinese)
[4] Wang S (汪松),Xie Y (解焱).China Species Red List (Vol.I).Beijing:Higher Education Press,2004 (in Chinese)
[5] Yang Z-Y (杨智蕴),Tian Z-L (田作霖),Liu Q (刘群),et al.Studies on the chemical constituents of the volatile oil from leaves of Thuja Koraiensis Nakai Maxim.Journal of Northeast Normal University (Natural Science) (东北师范大学学报:自然科学版),1994,26(1):136-140 (in Chinese)
[6] Qi J-Z (戚继忠),Sun G-R (孙广仁),Yang W-S (杨文胜),et al.Analysis on the chemical constituents of essential oil from branches and leaves of Thuja koraiensis Nakai.Journal of Plant Resources and Environment (植物资源与环境),1995,4(2):61-62 (in Chinese)
[7] Yin H (尹航),Jin H (金慧),Zhao Y (赵莹),et al.Present situation and conservation strategy of rare and endangered species Thuja koraiensis in Changbai mountain.Journal of Beihua University (Natural Science) (北华大学学报:自然科学版),2016,17(1):40-42 (in Chinese)
[8] Meng F-H (孟繁华).Ecological condition an growth regularity of Thuja koraiensis.Journal of Northeast Forestry University (东北林业大学学报),1997,25 (5):50-52 (in Chinese)
[9] Yin H (尹航),Zhao Y (赵莹),Cui K-F (崔凯峰),et al.Asexual reproducition technique of Thuja koraiensis Nakai.Chinese Wild Plant Resources (中国野生植物资源),2013,32(1):68-69 (in Chinese)
[10] Yin H (尹航),Zhao Y (赵莹),Jin H (金慧),et al.The experiment of preventing Thuja koraiensis cutting seedling frost heaving damage in Changbai Mountain.Journal of Jilin Forestry Science and Technology (吉林林业科技),2017,46(3):1-2 (in Chinese)
[11] Yin H (尹航),Jin H (金慧),Zhao Y (赵莹),et al.Clonal population characteristics and plasticity to soil factors of endangered plant Thuja koraiensis.Chinese Journal of Ecology (生态学杂志),2019,38(3):672-679 (in Chinese)
[12] Lin Y (林勇) ,Ai X-R (艾训儒) ,Yao L (姚兰),et al.Population structure and dynamics of Metasequoia glyptostroboides parent trees.Chinese Journal of Ecology (生态学杂志),2017,36(6):1531-1538 (in Chinese)
[13] Hong W (洪伟) ,Wang X-G (王新功) ,Wu C-Z (吴承祯),et al.Life table and spectral analysis of endangered plant Taxus chinensis var.mairei population.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报),2004,15(6):1109-1112 (in Chinese)
[14] Sara D,Carmen M,Sergio AC.Structure and population dynamics of Pinus lagunae MF Passini.Forest Ecology and Management,2000,13:249-256
[15] Wratten SD,Fry GL.Field and Laboratory Exercises in Ecology.London:Edward Arnold,1980
[16] Xie Z-Q (谢宗强),Chen W-L (陈伟烈),Lu P (路鹏),et al.The demography and age structure of the endangered plant population of Cathaya argyrophylla.Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报),1999,19(4):521-528 (in Chinese)
[17] Wang M-L (王明亮).Study On Remain Geographic Distribution,Community Characteristics and Population Ecology of Endangered Species Picea Neoveitchii.PhD Thesis.Shanghai:East China Normal University,2010 (in Chinese)
[18] Li Y-L (李艳丽),Yang H (杨华),Kang X-G (亢新刚),et al.Population structures and dynamics of Abiesnephrolepis and Picea koraiensis in the Changbai Mountains of northeastern China.Journal of Beijing Forestry University (北京林业大学学报),2014,36(3):18-25 (in Chinese)
[19] Jin H (金慧),Zhao Y (赵莹),Yin H (尹航),et al.Quantitative characteristics and dynamic analysis of the endangered species Rhododendron chrysanthum population in Changbai Mountain.Chinese Journal of Ecology (生态学杂志),2017,36(11):3123-3130 (in Chinese)
[20] Chen X-D (陈晓德).A study on the method of quantitative analysis for plant population and community structural dynamics.Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报),1998,18(2):214-217 (in Chinese)
[21] Yang L-R (杨立荣),Zhang Z-L (张治礼),Yun Y (云勇),et al.The population structure and dynamics of Dracaena cambodiana,an endangered tree on Hainan Islan.Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报),2018,38(8):2802-2815 (in Chinese)
[22] Liu D (刘丹),Liu S-L (刘士玲),Guo Z-L (郭忠玲),et al.Population life table and time sequence prediction of Alnus sibirica.Journal of Beijing Forestry University (北京林业大学学报),2017,39(10):62-69 (in Chinese)
[23] Xiong B-M (熊斌梅),Wang Z-X (汪正祥),Li Z-Q (李中强),et al.Study on the correlation among age,DBH and tree height of the Pseudotsuga sinensis in Qizimei Mountain Nature Reserve.Forest Resource Management (林业资源管理),2016(4):41-46 (in Chinese)
[24] Li W-Y (李文英),Li X (李欣),Gan X-X (甘小洪).Population structure and dynamics of endangered plant Tetracentron sinense.Subtropical Plant Science (亚热带植物科学),2018,47(3):222-228 (in Chinese)
[25] Jiang Z-M (姜在民),He Z-S (和子森),Su H (宿昊),et al.Population structure and dynamic characteristics of endangered Syringa pinnatifolia Hemsl.Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报),2018,38(7):2471-2480 (in Chinese)
[26] Yuan C-M (袁春明),Meng G-T (孟广涛),Fang X-J (方向京),et al.Age structure and spatial distribution of the rare and endangered plant Alcimandra cathcartii.Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报),2012,32(12):3866-3872 (in Chinese)
[27] Yuan Z-Z (袁志忠),Bao W-K (包维楷),He B-H (何丙辉).Dynamic analysis on age structure of Cupressus chengiana populations in four geographical areas.Journal of Plant Resouces And Environment (植物资源与环境学报),2004,13(3):25-30 (in Chinese)
[28] Liu H-Y (刘海洋),Jin X-L (金晓玲),Shen S-Y (沈守云),et al.Population quantitative characteristics and dynamics of rare and endangered plant Davidia involucrata in Hunan Province.Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报),2012,32(24):7738-7746 (in Chinese)
[29] Wang K-P (王克鹏),Dongoing B (董博),Wang Y-W (王彦武),et al.Analysis of reproductive ecological factors of endangered Rhodiola gannanica.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报),2016,27(7):2205-2211 (in Chinese)