大型机场场面航空器拥堵机理研究
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摘要
基于构建的场面跑道、滑行道和停机坪的航空器交通流元胞传输模型和场面交通网络布局图,分析了场面航空器常发性和偶发性拥堵的交通流特性,推演了航空器交通流的相态变化规律和形成机理。研究结果表明:场面航空器的进场率和推出率对场面航空器交通流不同相态下常发性交通拥堵的形成和消散产生显著影响。交通流的不同相态对应的偶发性拥堵程度不同,在堵塞流相态下,需进行航空器绕行、等待等拥堵疏散控制策略。研究内容为机场场面资源运行和管理奠定了理论基础。
The study of surface aircraft traffic flow characteristics and congestion mechanism are vital to reduce surface congestion and improve the efficiency of surface operation.Based on CTM,the cell transmission models in combination with runway cells,taxiway cells and apron cells were established.In addition,the airport surface traffic network layout was set up to analyze the traffic flow characteristics of airport surface recurrent and non-recurrent traffic congestion.The phase evolution rules and formation mechanism of airport surface traffic flow were simulated.Simulation results show that arrival rates and pushback rates of aircraft have significant influence on the formation and dissipation of the recurrent traffic congestion in different phases of surface traffic flow.Different traffic flow phases correspond to different degrees of non-recurrent traffic congestion.In the block flow phase,it is necessary to carry out the traffic dissipation control strategies,such as passing round or waiting.This research can provide theoretical basis for operation and management of airport surface resources.
The study of surface aircraft traffic flow characteristics and congestion mechanism are vital to reduce surface congestion and improve the efficiency of surface operation.Based on CTM,the cell transmission models in combination with runway cells,taxiway cells and apron cells were established.In addition,the airport surface traffic network layout was set up to analyze the traffic flow characteristics of airport surface recurrent and non-recurrent traffic congestion.The phase evolution rules and formation mechanism of airport surface traffic flow were simulated.Simulation results show that arrival rates and pushback rates of aircraft have significant influence on the formation and dissipation of the recurrent traffic congestion in different phases of surface traffic flow.Different traffic flow phases correspond to different degrees of non-recurrent traffic congestion.In the block flow phase,it is necessary to carry out the traffic dissipation control strategies,such as passing round or waiting.This research can provide theoretical basis for operation and management of airport surface resources.
引文
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[13] Khadilkar H,Balakrishnan H.Network Congestion Control of Airport Surface Operations[J].Journal of Guidance,Control and Dynamics,2014,37(3):933-940.
[14] Weiszer M,Chen J,Stewart P.A Real- time Active Routing Approach Via a Database for Airport Surface Movement[J].Transportation Research:Part C,2015,58:127-145.
[15] Lonzius M C,Lange A.Robust Scheduling:An Empirical Study of Its Impact on Air Traffic Delays[J].Transportation Research:Part E,2017,100:98-114.
[16] 宋晓羽.进场航班空中交通流量控制优化研究[J].航空计算技术,2018,48(3):60-63,67.
[2] 杨磊,胡明华,尹苏皖,等.大型繁忙机场场面离场交通流拥堵特征分析[J].航空学报,2016,37(6):1921-1930.
[3] Yang D,Qiu X P,Ma L,et al.Cellular Automata- based Modeling and Simulation of a Mixed Traffic Flow of Manual and Automated Vehicles[J].Transportation Research Record Journal,2017,2622:105-116.
[4] Li Q L,Wong S C,Min J,et al.A Cellular Automata Traffic Flow Model Considering the Heterogeneity of Acceleration and Delay Probability[J].Physica A Statistical Mechanics and Its Applic,2016,456:128-134.
[5] 张洪海,杨磊,别翌荟,等.终端区进场交通流广义跟驰行为与复杂相变分析[J].航空学报,2015,36(3):949-96.
[6] Sun D,Bayen A M.Multicommodity Eulerian- lagrangian Large- capacity Cell Transmission Model for En Route Traffic[J].Journal of Guidance Control and Dynamics,2008,31(3):616-628.
[7] 张洪海,胡勇,杨磊,等.多机场终端区微观交通流建模与仿真分析[J].西南交通大学学报,2015,50(2):368-374.
[8] Tatsukawa T,Nagaoka S,Anzai K,et al.Study of Air Traffic Simulation Around Haneda Airport Using Step Back Cellular Automaton[C].Xiamen,China:AIAA Guidance,Navigation,and Control Conference,2018.
[9] Kafle N,Zou B.Modeling Flight Delay Propagation:A New Analytical- econometric Approach[J].Transportation Research:Part B,2016,93(A):520-542.
[10] Delgado L,Prats X.Operating Cost- based Cruise Speed Reduction for Ground Delay Programs:Effect of Scope Length[J].Transportation Research:Part C,2014,48(48):437-452.
[11] Ng K K H,Lee C K M,Chan F T S,et al.Robust Aircraft Sequencing and Scheduling Problem with Arrival/Departure Delay Using the Min- max Regret Approach[J].Transportation Research:Part E,2017,106:115-136.
[12] Guépet J,Briant O,Gayon J P,et al.Integration of Aircraft Ground Movements and Runway Operations[J].Transportation Research:Part E,2017,104:131-149.
[13] Khadilkar H,Balakrishnan H.Network Congestion Control of Airport Surface Operations[J].Journal of Guidance,Control and Dynamics,2014,37(3):933-940.
[14] Weiszer M,Chen J,Stewart P.A Real- time Active Routing Approach Via a Database for Airport Surface Movement[J].Transportation Research:Part C,2015,58:127-145.
[15] Lonzius M C,Lange A.Robust Scheduling:An Empirical Study of Its Impact on Air Traffic Delays[J].Transportation Research:Part E,2017,100:98-114.
[16] 宋晓羽.进场航班空中交通流量控制优化研究[J].航空计算技术,2018,48(3):60-63,67.