基于人员体表场强的±800 kV特高压直流线路带电作业进入等电位的路径研究
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摘要
为探讨±800 kV特高压直流线路带电作业中进入等电位的最优路径,对进入等电位过程中作业人员身体表面电场进行了仿真研究。根据±800 kV直流线路典型直线塔带电作业实际情况,在有限元分析软件ANSYS中建立仿真模型,计算分析了作业人员沿所有可能路径进入等电位过程中,处于多个不同位置点时人体表面电场强度的动态分布。研究结果表明:从距离导线8 m处向距离导线1 m处移动过程中,人体表面电场强度持续增大,最大值可达最小值的5.8倍;沿不同路径移动情况下,人体表面电场强度最大值差距可达1.7倍;从横担外侧进入等电位与从塔身进入等电位相比,人体表面电场强度变化区别不大,从塔身水平进入是最合理的进入路径,人体表面最大电场强度约为565.9 kV/m;试验测量数据验证了仿真方法的可行性。
To study the optimization of entering path for live work on ±800 kV UHV DC transmission lines, the electric field of the operator's surface during the process of equipotential was simulated. According to the actual situation of live work on ±800 kV UHV DC transmission lines, a simulation model was established by using the finite element analysis software ANSYS, and the distribution of the electric field intensity of human body in different positions was calculated and analyzed when the operator entered the equipotential along all possible paths. The results show that the electric field strength of human body surface continuously increases during the process of entering from 8 m away from the wire to 1 m from the wire, and the maximum value will reach 5.8 times the minimum value. The maximum electric field strength varied by 1.7 times for different paths. Compared the path of entering from the outside of crossarm with that from tower body,subtle difference in change of electric field intensity can be found. Horizontal entry from the tower body is the most reasonable entering path, where the maximum electric field strength is about 565.9 kV/m. The test data have verified the feasibility of the simulation method.
To study the optimization of entering path for live work on ±800 kV UHV DC transmission lines, the electric field of the operator's surface during the process of equipotential was simulated. According to the actual situation of live work on ±800 kV UHV DC transmission lines, a simulation model was established by using the finite element analysis software ANSYS, and the distribution of the electric field intensity of human body in different positions was calculated and analyzed when the operator entered the equipotential along all possible paths. The results show that the electric field strength of human body surface continuously increases during the process of entering from 8 m away from the wire to 1 m from the wire, and the maximum value will reach 5.8 times the minimum value. The maximum electric field strength varied by 1.7 times for different paths. Compared the path of entering from the outside of crossarm with that from tower body,subtle difference in change of electric field intensity can be found. Horizontal entry from the tower body is the most reasonable entering path, where the maximum electric field strength is about 565.9 kV/m. The test data have verified the feasibility of the simulation method.
引文
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[2]RANZINGER R R.Design of safe assembly processes for live working in traction battery series production[C]∥Electric Drives Production Conference.Nuremberg,Germany:IEEE,2013:1-8.
[3]蔡焕青,邵瑰玮,付晶,等.考虑海拔因素超、特高压输电线路带电作业保护间隙作业方式[J].高电压技术,2016,42(5):1675-1680.CAI Huanqing,SHAO Guiwei,FU Jing,et al.Protective gap operating type of live working for EHV and UHV transmission lines considering elevation factors[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(5):1675-1680.
[4]刘庭,唐盼,周炳凌,等.500 kV线路绝缘斗臂车带电作业安全距离试验[J].高电压技术,2016,42(7):2315-2321.LIU Ting,TANG Pan,ZHOU Bingling,et al.Experiment research of minimum approach distance for live working used of 500 k V insulated aerial vehicles[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(7):2315-2321.
[5]刘夏清,李稳,姜赤龙,等.±1 100 k V特高压直流输电线路带电作业电位转移特性[J].高电压技术,2017,43(10):3149-3153.LIU Xiaqing,LI Wen,JIANG Chilong,et al.Transient characteristics of potential transfer of live working on±1 100 kV UHVDC transmission line[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(10):3149-3153.
[6]LOVRENCIC V,GOMI?CEK B.Live working as an example of electrical installation maintenance with the zero accidents philosophy[C]∥International Conference on Live Maintenance.Budapest,Hungary:IEEE,2014:1-8.
[7]王黎明,王元九,张楚岩,等.空间颗粒物在直流输电线路下的运动特性[J].高电压技术,2017,43(2):547-556.WANG Liming,WANG Yuanjiu,ZHANG Chuyan,et al.Motion characteristics of space particles under HVDC transmission line[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(2):547-556.
[8]ANZIVINO L D,GELA G.HVDC transmission line reference book:EPRI TR-102764[M].California,USA:EPRI Press,1993.
[9]肖勇,樊灵孟.云广±800 k V特高压直流线路带电作业分析[J].高电压技术,2010,36(9):2206-2211.XIAO Yong,FAN Lingmeng.Analysis of live working on Yun-Guang±800 kV DC transmission line[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(9):2206-2211.
[10]李如虎.带电作业进入等电位方式点评[J].南方电网技术,2009,3(2):59-61.LI Ruhu.Comments on the enter ways into equal potential in electrification operation[J].Southern Power System Technology,2009,3(2):59-61.
[11]范建斌,廖蔚明,李庆峰,等.±800 kV直流输电线路带电作业方式的试验研究[J].电力建设,2009,30(7):7-12.FAN Jianbin,LIAO Weiming,LI Qingfeng,et al.Experimental research on live-line operation for±800 k V DC transmission line[J].Electric Power Construction,2009,30(7):7-12.
[12]石凯,徐文洋,雷冬云,等.±800 k V特高压直流输电线路带电作业方式[J].电瓷避雷器,2016(2):6-11.SHI Kai,XU Wenyang,LEI Dongyun,et al.Live working ways for±800k V UHV DC transmission line[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2016(2):6-11.
[13]刘超,阮江军,廖才波,等.1 000 kV特高压交流输电线路直升机平台法带电作业侵入路径[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(6):64-65.LIU Chao,RUAN Jiangjun,LIAO Caibo,et al.Approaching paths of helicopter five-line work platform to 1 000 k V UHV AC transmission lines[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(6):64-65.
[14]呼慧敏,晁储芝,赵朝义,等.中国成年人人体尺寸数据相关性研究[J].人类工效学,2014,20(3):49-53.HU Huimin,CHAO Chuzhi,ZHAO Chaoyi,et al.Study on the correlation of human size data in Chinese adults[J].Chinese Journal of Ergonomics,2014,20(3):49-53.
[15]胡毅,刘凯,胡建勋,等.±800 k V特高压直流线路带电作业安全防护用具的分析[J].高电压技术,2010,36(10):2357-2361.HU Yi,LIU Kai,HU Jianxun,et al.Analysis on safety protective equipments for live working on±800 kV UHV DC transmission line[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(10):2357-2361.
[16]HERZBERG C,R?DEL H,ENGELMANN E.New shielding protective equipment for live working[J].International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology,2001,13(3/4):301-308.
[17]GELA G,CHAREST M.IEC/TC78“live working”:background,structure,program of work,and market relevance[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2000,15(1):210-215.
[18]胡毅,胡建勋,刘凯,等.特高压交直流线路带电作业人员的体表场强[J].高电压技术,2010,36(1):13-18.HU Yi,HU Jianxun,LIU Kai,et al.Field strength of body surface during the live working on the UHV AC and DC transmission lines[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(1):13-18.