融合点扩散函数的预条件黏声最小二乘逆时偏移
|
摘要
在传统黏声最小二乘逆时偏移(Q-LSRTM)中,用于反传残差数据的伴随Q传播算子也是衰减的,因此导致其成像分辨率较低。为了改善Q-LSRTM的低分辨率问题,基于点扩散函数(PSF)构建黏声去模糊滤波器,然后将其作为Q-LSRTM迭代过程中的预条件化因子,最终实现高分辨的衰减补偿偏移,因此称为预条件Q-LSRTM。模型测试表明,预条件Q-LSRTM能获得更高的分辨率、更均衡的振幅以及更快的收敛速度。Q值偏移模型的敏感性测试表明,与Q-LSRTM相似,为了显著改善成像效果,预条件Q-LSRTM也需要相对精确的Q值模型和速度模型。
In conventional visco-acoustic least-squares reverse time migration(Q-LSRTM),the adjoint Q propagators used for backward propagating residual data are also attenuative.Thus,the inverted images from Q-LSRTM are often observed to have lower resolution.To increase the resolution of QLSRTM,a preconditioned visco-acoustic leastsquare reverse time migration is put forward in this paper.The preconditioner is built with viscoa-coustic deblurring filters based on visco-acoustic point spread function.Model tests show that the preconditioned Q-LSRTM can produce images with higher resolution and more balanced amplitudes with faster convergence rate.With sensitivity tests of migration Q model,as the same case of Q-LSRTM,preconditioned Q-LSRTM also need a fairly accurate estimation of migration Q model in order to obtain noticeable improvements in the image quality,meanwhile a fairly accurate velocity model is also needed.
In conventional visco-acoustic least-squares reverse time migration(Q-LSRTM),the adjoint Q propagators used for backward propagating residual data are also attenuative.Thus,the inverted images from Q-LSRTM are often observed to have lower resolution.To increase the resolution of QLSRTM,a preconditioned visco-acoustic leastsquare reverse time migration is put forward in this paper.The preconditioner is built with viscoa-coustic deblurring filters based on visco-acoustic point spread function.Model tests show that the preconditioned Q-LSRTM can produce images with higher resolution and more balanced amplitudes with faster convergence rate.With sensitivity tests of migration Q model,as the same case of Q-LSRTM,preconditioned Q-LSRTM also need a fairly accurate estimation of migration Q model in order to obtain noticeable improvements in the image quality,meanwhile a fairly accurate velocity model is also needed.
引文
[1] Aki K,Richards P G.Quantitative Seismology:Theory and Methods[M].W H Freeman,1980.
[2] Carcione J M.Wave Fields in Real Media[M].Elsevier,2007.
[3] 孙成禹,印兴耀.三参数常Q黏弹性模型构造方法研究[J].地震学报,2007,29(4):348-357.SUN Chengyu,YIN Xingyao.Construction of constant-Q viscoelastic model with three parameters[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2007,29(4):348-357.
[4] 孙成禹,乔志浩,伍敦仕,等.常Q衰减介质分数阶波动方程优化有限差分模拟[J].地震学报,2017,39(3):343-355.SUN Chengyu,QIAO Zhihao,WU Dunshi,et al.Modeling of wave equation with fractional derivative using optimal finite-difference method in constant-Q attenuation media[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2017,39(3):343-355.
[5] 严红勇,刘洋.黏弹TTI介质中旋转交错网格高阶有限差分数值模拟[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(4):1354-1365.YAN Hongyong,LIU Yang.Rotated staggered grid high-order finite-difference numerical modeling for wave propagation in viscoelastic TTI media[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2012,55(4):1354-1365.
[6] 姚振岸,孙成禹,唐杰,等.基于不同震源机制的黏弹各向异性微地震波场模拟[J].石油地球物理勘探,2017,52(1):63-70.YAO Zhen’an,SUN Chengyu,TANG Jie,et al.Micro-seismic forward modeling in viscoelastic anisotropic media based on different focal mechanisms[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2017,52(1):63-70.
[7] Bickel S,Natarajan R.Plane wave Q deconvolution[J].Geophysics,1985,50(9):1426-1439.
[8] Hargreaves N,Calvert A.Inverse Q filtering by Fourier transform[J].Geophysics,1991,56(4):519-527.
[9] Wang Y H.Seismic Inverse Q Filtering[M].Black-well Publishing,2007.
[10] 张立彬,王华忠.稳定的反Q偏移方法研究[J].石油物探,2010,49(2):115-120.ZHANG Libin,WANG Huazhong.A stable inverse Q migration method[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2010,49(2):115-120.
[11] Blanch J O,Symes W W.Linear inversion in layered viscoacoustic media using a time-domain method[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,1994,13:1053-1056.
[12] Blanch J O,Robertsson J O,Symes W W.Modeling of a constant Q:Methodology and algorithm for an efficient and optimally inexpensive viscoelastic technique[J].Geophysics,1995,60(1):176-184.
[13] Xin K,Hung B,Birdus S,et al.3D tomographic amplitude inversion for compensating amplitude attenuation in the overburden[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2008,27:3239-3243.
[14] Xie Y,Xin K,Sun J,et al.3D prestack depth migration with compensation for frequency dependent absorption and dispersion[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2009,28:2919-2923.
[15] 白敏,陈小宏,吴娟,等.基于吸收衰减补偿的多分量高斯束逆时偏移[J].地球物理学报,2016,59(9):3379-3393.BAI Min,CHEN Xiaohong,WU Juan,et al.Multiple-component Gaussian beam reverse-time migration based on attenuation compensation[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2016,59(9):3379-3393.
[16] 代福材,黄建平,李振春,等.角度域黏声介质高斯束叠前深度偏移方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2017,52(2):283-293.DAI Fucai,HUANG Jianping,LI Zhenchun,et al.Angle domain prestack Gaussian beam migration for visco-acoustic media[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2017,52(2):283-293.
[17] Dai N,West G F.Inverse Q migration[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,1994,13:1418-1421.
[18] Yu Y,Lu R S,Deal M M.Compensation for the effects of shallow gas attenuation with viscoacoustic wave-equation migration[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2002,21:2062-2065.
[19] Wang Y H.Inverse-Q filtered migration[J].Geophy-sics,2007,73(1):S1-S6.
[20] Valenciano A A,Chemingui N,Whitmore D,et al.Wave equation migration with attenuation and anisotropy compensation[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2011,30:232-236.
[21] 陈志德,赵忠华,王成.黏滞声学介质地震波吸收补偿叠前时间偏移方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2016,51(2):325-333.CHEN Zhide,ZHAO Zhonghua,WANG Cheng.Prestack time migration with compensation for absorption of viscous-elastic media[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2016,51(2):325-333.
[22] 朱峰,黄建平,李振春.黏声VTI介质傅里叶有限差分叠前深度偏移[J].石油地球物理勘探,2017,52(5):956-966.ZHU Feng,HUANG Jianping,LI Zhenchun.FFD prestack depth migration for visco-acoustic VTI me-dium[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2017,52(5):956-966.
[23] Zhang Y,Zhang P,Zhang H.Compensating for visco-acoustic effects in reverse time migration[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2010,29:3160-3164.
[24] Suh S,Yoon K,Cai J,et al.Compensating visco-acoustic effects in anisotropic resverse-time migration[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2012,31.
[25] Fletcher R,Nichols D,Cavalca M.Wavepath-consis-tent effective Q estimation for Q-compensated reverse-time migration[C].Extended Abstracts of 74th EAGE Conference & Exhibition,2012,A020.
[26] Zhu T,Harris J M,Biondi B.Q-compensated reverse-time migration[J].Geophysics,2014,79(3):S77-S87.
[27] Zhu T,Harris J M.Improved seismic image by Q-compensated reverse time migration:Application to crosswell field data,West Texas[J].Geophysics,2015,80(2):B61-B67.
[28] 李振春,郭振波,田坤.黏声介质最小平方逆时偏移[J].地球物理学报,2014,57(1):214-228.LI Zhenchun,GUO Zhenbo,TIAN Kun.Least-squares reverse time migration in visco-acoustic medium[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2014,57(1):214-228.
[29] Dutta G,Schuster G T.Attenuation compensation for least-squares reverse time migration using the viscoacoustic-wave equation[J].Geophysics,2014,79(6):S251-S262.
[30] Dai W,Xu Z,Coates R.Least-squares reverse-time migration for visco-acoustic media[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2015,34:3387-3391.
[31] 徐凯,孙赞东.基于粘声衰减补偿的最小二乘逆时偏移[J].石油物探,2018,57(3):419-427.XU Kai,SUN Zandong.Least-squares reverse time migration based on visco-acoustic attenuation compensation[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2018,57(3):419-427.
[32] Sun J,Fomel S,Zhu T,et al.Q -compensated least-squares reverse time migration using low-rank one-step wave extrapolation[J].Geophysics,2016,81(4):S271-S279.
[33] 李闯,黄建平,李振春,等.预条件最小二乘逆时偏移方法.石油地球物理勘探,2016,51(3):513-520.LI Chuang,HUANG Jianping,LI Zhenchun,et al.Preconditioned least-squares reverse time migration[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2016,51(3):513-520.
[34] Hu J,Schuster G T.Migration deconvolution[C].SPIE’s International Symposium on Optical Science,1998,118-124.
[35] Hu J,Schuster G T,Valasek P.Poststack migration deconvolution[J].Geophysics,2001,66(3):939-952.
[36] Yu J,Hu J,Schuster G T,et al.Prestack migration deconvolution[J].Geophysics,2006,71(2):S53-S62.
[37] Guitton A.Amplitude and kinematic corrections of migrated images for nonunitary imaging operators[J].Geophysics,2004,69(10):1017-1024.
[38] Aoki N,Schuster G T.Fast least-squares migration with a deblurring filter[J].Geophysics,2009,74(6):WCA83-WCA93.
[39] Dai W,Schuster G T.Least-squares migration of si-multaneous sources data with a deblurring filter[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2009,28:2990-2994.
[40] Dai W,Wang X,Schuster G T.Least-squares migration of multisource data with a deblurring filter[J].Geophysics,2011,76(5):R135-R146.
[41] Schuster G T,Hu J.Green’s function for migration:Continuous recording geometry[J].Geophysics,2000,65(1):167-175.
[42] Carcione J M,Kosloff D,Kosloff R.Wave propagation simulation in a linear viscoacoustic medium[J].Geophysical Journal International,1988,93(2):393-401.
[43] Lailly P.The seismic inverse problem as a sequence of before stack migrations[C].Conference on Inverse Scattering:Theory and Application,1983,467-481.
[2] Carcione J M.Wave Fields in Real Media[M].Elsevier,2007.
[3] 孙成禹,印兴耀.三参数常Q黏弹性模型构造方法研究[J].地震学报,2007,29(4):348-357.SUN Chengyu,YIN Xingyao.Construction of constant-Q viscoelastic model with three parameters[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2007,29(4):348-357.
[4] 孙成禹,乔志浩,伍敦仕,等.常Q衰减介质分数阶波动方程优化有限差分模拟[J].地震学报,2017,39(3):343-355.SUN Chengyu,QIAO Zhihao,WU Dunshi,et al.Modeling of wave equation with fractional derivative using optimal finite-difference method in constant-Q attenuation media[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2017,39(3):343-355.
[5] 严红勇,刘洋.黏弹TTI介质中旋转交错网格高阶有限差分数值模拟[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(4):1354-1365.YAN Hongyong,LIU Yang.Rotated staggered grid high-order finite-difference numerical modeling for wave propagation in viscoelastic TTI media[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2012,55(4):1354-1365.
[6] 姚振岸,孙成禹,唐杰,等.基于不同震源机制的黏弹各向异性微地震波场模拟[J].石油地球物理勘探,2017,52(1):63-70.YAO Zhen’an,SUN Chengyu,TANG Jie,et al.Micro-seismic forward modeling in viscoelastic anisotropic media based on different focal mechanisms[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2017,52(1):63-70.
[7] Bickel S,Natarajan R.Plane wave Q deconvolution[J].Geophysics,1985,50(9):1426-1439.
[8] Hargreaves N,Calvert A.Inverse Q filtering by Fourier transform[J].Geophysics,1991,56(4):519-527.
[9] Wang Y H.Seismic Inverse Q Filtering[M].Black-well Publishing,2007.
[10] 张立彬,王华忠.稳定的反Q偏移方法研究[J].石油物探,2010,49(2):115-120.ZHANG Libin,WANG Huazhong.A stable inverse Q migration method[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2010,49(2):115-120.
[11] Blanch J O,Symes W W.Linear inversion in layered viscoacoustic media using a time-domain method[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,1994,13:1053-1056.
[12] Blanch J O,Robertsson J O,Symes W W.Modeling of a constant Q:Methodology and algorithm for an efficient and optimally inexpensive viscoelastic technique[J].Geophysics,1995,60(1):176-184.
[13] Xin K,Hung B,Birdus S,et al.3D tomographic amplitude inversion for compensating amplitude attenuation in the overburden[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2008,27:3239-3243.
[14] Xie Y,Xin K,Sun J,et al.3D prestack depth migration with compensation for frequency dependent absorption and dispersion[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2009,28:2919-2923.
[15] 白敏,陈小宏,吴娟,等.基于吸收衰减补偿的多分量高斯束逆时偏移[J].地球物理学报,2016,59(9):3379-3393.BAI Min,CHEN Xiaohong,WU Juan,et al.Multiple-component Gaussian beam reverse-time migration based on attenuation compensation[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2016,59(9):3379-3393.
[16] 代福材,黄建平,李振春,等.角度域黏声介质高斯束叠前深度偏移方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2017,52(2):283-293.DAI Fucai,HUANG Jianping,LI Zhenchun,et al.Angle domain prestack Gaussian beam migration for visco-acoustic media[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2017,52(2):283-293.
[17] Dai N,West G F.Inverse Q migration[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,1994,13:1418-1421.
[18] Yu Y,Lu R S,Deal M M.Compensation for the effects of shallow gas attenuation with viscoacoustic wave-equation migration[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2002,21:2062-2065.
[19] Wang Y H.Inverse-Q filtered migration[J].Geophy-sics,2007,73(1):S1-S6.
[20] Valenciano A A,Chemingui N,Whitmore D,et al.Wave equation migration with attenuation and anisotropy compensation[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2011,30:232-236.
[21] 陈志德,赵忠华,王成.黏滞声学介质地震波吸收补偿叠前时间偏移方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2016,51(2):325-333.CHEN Zhide,ZHAO Zhonghua,WANG Cheng.Prestack time migration with compensation for absorption of viscous-elastic media[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2016,51(2):325-333.
[22] 朱峰,黄建平,李振春.黏声VTI介质傅里叶有限差分叠前深度偏移[J].石油地球物理勘探,2017,52(5):956-966.ZHU Feng,HUANG Jianping,LI Zhenchun.FFD prestack depth migration for visco-acoustic VTI me-dium[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2017,52(5):956-966.
[23] Zhang Y,Zhang P,Zhang H.Compensating for visco-acoustic effects in reverse time migration[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2010,29:3160-3164.
[24] Suh S,Yoon K,Cai J,et al.Compensating visco-acoustic effects in anisotropic resverse-time migration[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2012,31.
[25] Fletcher R,Nichols D,Cavalca M.Wavepath-consis-tent effective Q estimation for Q-compensated reverse-time migration[C].Extended Abstracts of 74th EAGE Conference & Exhibition,2012,A020.
[26] Zhu T,Harris J M,Biondi B.Q-compensated reverse-time migration[J].Geophysics,2014,79(3):S77-S87.
[27] Zhu T,Harris J M.Improved seismic image by Q-compensated reverse time migration:Application to crosswell field data,West Texas[J].Geophysics,2015,80(2):B61-B67.
[28] 李振春,郭振波,田坤.黏声介质最小平方逆时偏移[J].地球物理学报,2014,57(1):214-228.LI Zhenchun,GUO Zhenbo,TIAN Kun.Least-squares reverse time migration in visco-acoustic medium[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2014,57(1):214-228.
[29] Dutta G,Schuster G T.Attenuation compensation for least-squares reverse time migration using the viscoacoustic-wave equation[J].Geophysics,2014,79(6):S251-S262.
[30] Dai W,Xu Z,Coates R.Least-squares reverse-time migration for visco-acoustic media[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2015,34:3387-3391.
[31] 徐凯,孙赞东.基于粘声衰减补偿的最小二乘逆时偏移[J].石油物探,2018,57(3):419-427.XU Kai,SUN Zandong.Least-squares reverse time migration based on visco-acoustic attenuation compensation[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2018,57(3):419-427.
[32] Sun J,Fomel S,Zhu T,et al.Q -compensated least-squares reverse time migration using low-rank one-step wave extrapolation[J].Geophysics,2016,81(4):S271-S279.
[33] 李闯,黄建平,李振春,等.预条件最小二乘逆时偏移方法.石油地球物理勘探,2016,51(3):513-520.LI Chuang,HUANG Jianping,LI Zhenchun,et al.Preconditioned least-squares reverse time migration[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2016,51(3):513-520.
[34] Hu J,Schuster G T.Migration deconvolution[C].SPIE’s International Symposium on Optical Science,1998,118-124.
[35] Hu J,Schuster G T,Valasek P.Poststack migration deconvolution[J].Geophysics,2001,66(3):939-952.
[36] Yu J,Hu J,Schuster G T,et al.Prestack migration deconvolution[J].Geophysics,2006,71(2):S53-S62.
[37] Guitton A.Amplitude and kinematic corrections of migrated images for nonunitary imaging operators[J].Geophysics,2004,69(10):1017-1024.
[38] Aoki N,Schuster G T.Fast least-squares migration with a deblurring filter[J].Geophysics,2009,74(6):WCA83-WCA93.
[39] Dai W,Schuster G T.Least-squares migration of si-multaneous sources data with a deblurring filter[C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2009,28:2990-2994.
[40] Dai W,Wang X,Schuster G T.Least-squares migration of multisource data with a deblurring filter[J].Geophysics,2011,76(5):R135-R146.
[41] Schuster G T,Hu J.Green’s function for migration:Continuous recording geometry[J].Geophysics,2000,65(1):167-175.
[42] Carcione J M,Kosloff D,Kosloff R.Wave propagation simulation in a linear viscoacoustic medium[J].Geophysical Journal International,1988,93(2):393-401.
[43] Lailly P.The seismic inverse problem as a sequence of before stack migrations[C].Conference on Inverse Scattering:Theory and Application,1983,467-481.