非酒精性脂肪性肝病与肝移植的研究现状
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摘要
<正>随着人们生活水平的不断提高,非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)在人群中的发病率越来越高,对NAFLD的研究也越来越多。2017年美国非酒精性脂肪性肝病诊断与管理指南对NAFLD定义为影像学和肝组织学证实肝脂肪变,并除外导致肝脂肪变的其他原因,如大量饮酒、长期应用促脂肪形成药物或单基因
引文
[1]Byrne CD,Targher G.NAFLD:A multisystem disease[J].J Hepatol,2015,62(1 Suppl):S47-64.
[2]Vanwagner LB,Rinella ME.Extrahepatic Manifestations of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease[J].Curr Hepatol Rep,2016,15(2):75-85.
[3]张静雯,王玉平,周永宁.肠道菌群在非酒精性脂肪性肝病中的作用[J].胃肠病学和肝病学杂志,2017,26(4):468-471.
[4]曾静,范建高.北美儿童非酒精性脂肪性肝病诊疗指南简介[J].实用肝脏病杂志,2017,20(5):9-10.
[5]Younossi ZM,Koenig AB,Abdelatif D,et al.Global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-Meta-analytic assessment of prevalence,incidence,and outcomes[J].Hepatology,2016,64(1):73-84.
[6]Fan JG,Zhou Q,Wo QH.Effect of body weight mass and its change on the incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease[J].Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi,2010,18(9):676-679.
[7]Zhou YJ,Li YY,Nie YQ,et al.Natural course of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in southern China:A prospective cohort study[J].J Dig Dis,2012,13(3):153-160.
[8]Xu C,Yu C,Ma H,et al.Prevalence and risk factors for the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in a nonobese chinese population:the Zhejiang Zhenhai study[J].Am J Gastroenterol,2013,108(8):1299-1304.
[9]Vos MB,Abrams SH,Barlow SE,et al.NASPGHAN clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children:Recommendations from the Expert Committee on NAFLD(ECON)and the North American Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology,Hepatology and Nutrition(NASPGHAN)[J].J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr,2017,64(2):319-334.
[10]Day CP.Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease:a massive problem[J].Clin Med(Lond),2011,11(2):176-178.
[11]Welsh JA,Karpen S,Vos MB.Increasing prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease among United States adolescents,1988-1994 to 2007-2010[J].J Pediatr,2013,162(3):496-500.
[12]Fan JG.Epidemiology of alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in China[J].J Gastroenterol Hepatol,2013,28(S1):11-17.
[13]Chalasani N,Younossi Z,Lavine JE,et al.The diagnosis and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease:practice guidance from the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases[J].Hepatology,2018,67(1):328-357.
[14]李静,唐洁婷,茅益民.非酒精性脂肪性肝病和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎治疗的现状与未来[J].肝脏,2018,23(9):6-9.
[15]Labrecque DR,Abbas Z,Anania F,et al.World gastroenterology organisation global guidelines:nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis[J].J Clin Gastroenterol,2014,48(6):468-473.
[16]孙丽莹.儿童肝移植[J].中华实用儿科临床杂志,2017,32(11):818-820.
[17]McCullough,Arthur J.The clinical features,diagnosis and natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease[J].Clinics in Liver Disease,2004,8(3):521-533.
[18]Caldwell SH,Crespo DM.The spectrum expanded:Cryptogenic cirrhosis and the natural history of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease[J].J Hepatol,2004,40(4):578-584.
[19]Bugianesi E.EASL-EASD-EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease:disease mongering or call to action?[J].Diabetologia,2016,59(6):1145-1147.
[20]Charlton M,Kasparova P,Weston S,et al.Frequency of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis as a cause of advanced liver disease[J].Liver Transplantation,2001,7(7):608-614.
[21]Chalasani N,Younossi Z,Lavine JE,et a1.The diagnosis and management of non-alcohoHc fatty fiver disease:practice guideline by the American Gastroenterological Association,American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases,and American College of Gastroenterology[J].Gastroenterology,2012,142(7):1592-1609.
[22]Imber CJ,Peter SDS,Lopez I,et al.Current practice regarding the use of fatty livers:A Trans-Atlantic survey[J].Liver Transplantation,2010,8(6):545-549.
[23]Selzner M,Rüdiger HA,Sindram D,et al.Mechanisms of ischemic injury are different in the steatotic and normal rat liver[J].Hepatology,2010,32(6):1280-1288.
[24]Selzner M,Clavien PA.Failure of regeneration of the steatotic rat liver:disruption at two different levels in the regeneration pathway[J].Hepatology,2000,31(1):35-42.
[25]Kwon CHD,Joh JW,Lee KW,et al.Safety of donors with fatty liver in liver transplantation[J].Transplant Proc,2006,38(7):2106-2107.
[26]Strasberg SM,Howard TK,Molmenti EP,et al.Selecting the donor liver:Risk factors for poor function after orthotopic liver transplantation[J].Hepatology,1994,20(4):829-838.
[27]Nikeghbalian S,Nejatollahi SMR,Salahi H,et al.Does donor’s fatty liver change impact on early mortality and outcome of liver transplantation[J].Transplant Proc,2007,39(4):1181-1183.
[28]Halon A,Patrzalek D,Rabczynski J.Hepatic steatosis in liver transplant donors:rare phenomenon or common feature of donor population?[J].Transplant Proc,2006,38(1):193-195.
[29]Kim H,Lee K,Lee KW,et al.Histologically proven nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and clinically related factors in recipients after liver transplantation[J].Clin Transplant,2014,28(5):521-529.
[30]Zahmatkeshan M,Geramizadeh B,Eshraghian A,et al.De novo fatty liver due to vascular complications after liver transplantation[J].Transplant Proc,2011,43(2):615-617.
[31]王凯,高伟.儿童肝移植术后非酒精性脂肪性肝病的诊治进展[J/CD].实用器官移植电子杂志,2017,5(1):47-51.
[32]Germani G,Laryea M,Rubbia-Brandt L,et al.Management of recurrent and de novo NAFLD/NASH after liver transplantation[J].Transplantation,2019,103(1):57-67.
[33]Narayanan P,Mara K,Izzy M,et al.Recurrent or de novo allograft steatosis and long-term outcomes after liver transplantation[J].Transplantation,2019,103(1):e14-e21.
[34]Crespo G,Castro-Narro G,García-Juárez I,et al.Usefulness of liver stiffness measurement during acute cellular rejection in liver transplantation[J].Liver Transpl,2016,22(3):298-304.
[35]Alten TA,Negm AA,Voigtl?nder T,et al.Safety and performance of liver biopsies in liver transplant recipients[J].Clinical Transpl,2014,28(5):585-589.
[36]Fan JG,Jia JD,Li YM,et al.Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease:Update 2010[J].J Dig Dis,2011,12(1):38-44.
[37]Van Werven JR,Marsman HA,Nederveen AJ,et al.Assessment of hepatic steatosis in patients undergoing liver resection:comparison of US,CT,T1-weighted Dual-Echo MR imaging,and point-resolved\r,1\r,HMR spectroscopy\r,1[J].Radiology,2010,256(1):159-168.
[38]Karlas T,Kollmeier J,B?hm S,et al.Noninvasive characterization of graft steatosis after liver transplantation[J].Scand J Gastroenterol,2015,50(2):224-232.
[39]Bhat M,Tazari M,Sebastiani G.Performance of transient elastography and serum fibrosis biomarkers for non-invasive evaluation of recurrent fibrosis after liver transplantation:A metaanalysis[J].Plos One,2017,12(9):185-192.
[40]Vinciguerra T,Brunati A,David E,et al.Transient elastography for non-invasive evaluation of post-transplant liver graft fibrosis in children[J].Pediatr Transplant,2018,22(2).
[41]Tan CH,Venkatesh SK.Magnetic resonance elastography and other magnetic resonance imaging techniques in chronic liver disease:current status and future directions[J].Gut&Liver,2016,10(5):672-686.
[42]Bazerbachi F,Haffar S,Wang Z,et al.Range of normal liver stiffness and predictors of suspected advanced fibrosis in apparently healthy individuals:A pooled analysis of 16,082 participants[J].Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol,2019,17(1):54-64.
[43]Peláez-Jaramillo MJ1,Cárdenas-Mojica AA,Gaete PV,et al.Post-liver transplantation diabetes mellitus:A review of relevance and approach to treatment[J].Diabetes Ther,2018,9(2):521-543.
[44]Iadevaia M,Giusto M,Giannelli V,et al.Metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk after liver transplantation:A single-center experience[J].Transplant Proc,2012,44(7):2005-2006.
[45]Firpi RJ,Tran TT,Flores P,et al.Sirolimus-induced hyperlipidaemia in liver transplant recipients is not dosedependent[J].Aliment Pharmacol Ther,2004,19(9):1033-1039.
[46]Zimmermann A,Zobeley C,Weber MM,et al.Changes in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism under mTOR-and calcineurinbased immunosuppressive regimen in adult patients after liver transplantation[J].Eur J Intern Med,2016,29:104-109.
[47]Charlton M,Rinella M,Patel D,et al.Everolimus is associated with less weight gain than tacrolimus 2 years following liver transplantation:results of a randomized multicenter study[J].Transplantation,2017,101(12):2873.
[48]Hanouneh IA,Macaron C,Lopez R,et al.Recurrence of disease following liver transplantation:nonalcoholic steatohepatitis vs hepatitis C virus infection[J].Int J Organ Transplant Med,2011,2(2):57-65.
[49]Newsome PN,Allison ME,Andrews PA,et al.Guidelines for liver transplantation for patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis[J].Gut,2012,61(4):484-500.
[2]Vanwagner LB,Rinella ME.Extrahepatic Manifestations of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease[J].Curr Hepatol Rep,2016,15(2):75-85.
[3]张静雯,王玉平,周永宁.肠道菌群在非酒精性脂肪性肝病中的作用[J].胃肠病学和肝病学杂志,2017,26(4):468-471.
[4]曾静,范建高.北美儿童非酒精性脂肪性肝病诊疗指南简介[J].实用肝脏病杂志,2017,20(5):9-10.
[5]Younossi ZM,Koenig AB,Abdelatif D,et al.Global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-Meta-analytic assessment of prevalence,incidence,and outcomes[J].Hepatology,2016,64(1):73-84.
[6]Fan JG,Zhou Q,Wo QH.Effect of body weight mass and its change on the incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease[J].Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi,2010,18(9):676-679.
[7]Zhou YJ,Li YY,Nie YQ,et al.Natural course of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in southern China:A prospective cohort study[J].J Dig Dis,2012,13(3):153-160.
[8]Xu C,Yu C,Ma H,et al.Prevalence and risk factors for the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in a nonobese chinese population:the Zhejiang Zhenhai study[J].Am J Gastroenterol,2013,108(8):1299-1304.
[9]Vos MB,Abrams SH,Barlow SE,et al.NASPGHAN clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children:Recommendations from the Expert Committee on NAFLD(ECON)and the North American Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology,Hepatology and Nutrition(NASPGHAN)[J].J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr,2017,64(2):319-334.
[10]Day CP.Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease:a massive problem[J].Clin Med(Lond),2011,11(2):176-178.
[11]Welsh JA,Karpen S,Vos MB.Increasing prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease among United States adolescents,1988-1994 to 2007-2010[J].J Pediatr,2013,162(3):496-500.
[12]Fan JG.Epidemiology of alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in China[J].J Gastroenterol Hepatol,2013,28(S1):11-17.
[13]Chalasani N,Younossi Z,Lavine JE,et al.The diagnosis and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease:practice guidance from the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases[J].Hepatology,2018,67(1):328-357.
[14]李静,唐洁婷,茅益民.非酒精性脂肪性肝病和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎治疗的现状与未来[J].肝脏,2018,23(9):6-9.
[15]Labrecque DR,Abbas Z,Anania F,et al.World gastroenterology organisation global guidelines:nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis[J].J Clin Gastroenterol,2014,48(6):468-473.
[16]孙丽莹.儿童肝移植[J].中华实用儿科临床杂志,2017,32(11):818-820.
[17]McCullough,Arthur J.The clinical features,diagnosis and natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease[J].Clinics in Liver Disease,2004,8(3):521-533.
[18]Caldwell SH,Crespo DM.The spectrum expanded:Cryptogenic cirrhosis and the natural history of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease[J].J Hepatol,2004,40(4):578-584.
[19]Bugianesi E.EASL-EASD-EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease:disease mongering or call to action?[J].Diabetologia,2016,59(6):1145-1147.
[20]Charlton M,Kasparova P,Weston S,et al.Frequency of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis as a cause of advanced liver disease[J].Liver Transplantation,2001,7(7):608-614.
[21]Chalasani N,Younossi Z,Lavine JE,et a1.The diagnosis and management of non-alcohoHc fatty fiver disease:practice guideline by the American Gastroenterological Association,American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases,and American College of Gastroenterology[J].Gastroenterology,2012,142(7):1592-1609.
[22]Imber CJ,Peter SDS,Lopez I,et al.Current practice regarding the use of fatty livers:A Trans-Atlantic survey[J].Liver Transplantation,2010,8(6):545-549.
[23]Selzner M,Rüdiger HA,Sindram D,et al.Mechanisms of ischemic injury are different in the steatotic and normal rat liver[J].Hepatology,2010,32(6):1280-1288.
[24]Selzner M,Clavien PA.Failure of regeneration of the steatotic rat liver:disruption at two different levels in the regeneration pathway[J].Hepatology,2000,31(1):35-42.
[25]Kwon CHD,Joh JW,Lee KW,et al.Safety of donors with fatty liver in liver transplantation[J].Transplant Proc,2006,38(7):2106-2107.
[26]Strasberg SM,Howard TK,Molmenti EP,et al.Selecting the donor liver:Risk factors for poor function after orthotopic liver transplantation[J].Hepatology,1994,20(4):829-838.
[27]Nikeghbalian S,Nejatollahi SMR,Salahi H,et al.Does donor’s fatty liver change impact on early mortality and outcome of liver transplantation[J].Transplant Proc,2007,39(4):1181-1183.
[28]Halon A,Patrzalek D,Rabczynski J.Hepatic steatosis in liver transplant donors:rare phenomenon or common feature of donor population?[J].Transplant Proc,2006,38(1):193-195.
[29]Kim H,Lee K,Lee KW,et al.Histologically proven nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and clinically related factors in recipients after liver transplantation[J].Clin Transplant,2014,28(5):521-529.
[30]Zahmatkeshan M,Geramizadeh B,Eshraghian A,et al.De novo fatty liver due to vascular complications after liver transplantation[J].Transplant Proc,2011,43(2):615-617.
[31]王凯,高伟.儿童肝移植术后非酒精性脂肪性肝病的诊治进展[J/CD].实用器官移植电子杂志,2017,5(1):47-51.
[32]Germani G,Laryea M,Rubbia-Brandt L,et al.Management of recurrent and de novo NAFLD/NASH after liver transplantation[J].Transplantation,2019,103(1):57-67.
[33]Narayanan P,Mara K,Izzy M,et al.Recurrent or de novo allograft steatosis and long-term outcomes after liver transplantation[J].Transplantation,2019,103(1):e14-e21.
[34]Crespo G,Castro-Narro G,García-Juárez I,et al.Usefulness of liver stiffness measurement during acute cellular rejection in liver transplantation[J].Liver Transpl,2016,22(3):298-304.
[35]Alten TA,Negm AA,Voigtl?nder T,et al.Safety and performance of liver biopsies in liver transplant recipients[J].Clinical Transpl,2014,28(5):585-589.
[36]Fan JG,Jia JD,Li YM,et al.Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease:Update 2010[J].J Dig Dis,2011,12(1):38-44.
[37]Van Werven JR,Marsman HA,Nederveen AJ,et al.Assessment of hepatic steatosis in patients undergoing liver resection:comparison of US,CT,T1-weighted Dual-Echo MR imaging,and point-resolved\r,1\r,HMR spectroscopy\r,1[J].Radiology,2010,256(1):159-168.
[38]Karlas T,Kollmeier J,B?hm S,et al.Noninvasive characterization of graft steatosis after liver transplantation[J].Scand J Gastroenterol,2015,50(2):224-232.
[39]Bhat M,Tazari M,Sebastiani G.Performance of transient elastography and serum fibrosis biomarkers for non-invasive evaluation of recurrent fibrosis after liver transplantation:A metaanalysis[J].Plos One,2017,12(9):185-192.
[40]Vinciguerra T,Brunati A,David E,et al.Transient elastography for non-invasive evaluation of post-transplant liver graft fibrosis in children[J].Pediatr Transplant,2018,22(2).
[41]Tan CH,Venkatesh SK.Magnetic resonance elastography and other magnetic resonance imaging techniques in chronic liver disease:current status and future directions[J].Gut&Liver,2016,10(5):672-686.
[42]Bazerbachi F,Haffar S,Wang Z,et al.Range of normal liver stiffness and predictors of suspected advanced fibrosis in apparently healthy individuals:A pooled analysis of 16,082 participants[J].Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol,2019,17(1):54-64.
[43]Peláez-Jaramillo MJ1,Cárdenas-Mojica AA,Gaete PV,et al.Post-liver transplantation diabetes mellitus:A review of relevance and approach to treatment[J].Diabetes Ther,2018,9(2):521-543.
[44]Iadevaia M,Giusto M,Giannelli V,et al.Metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk after liver transplantation:A single-center experience[J].Transplant Proc,2012,44(7):2005-2006.
[45]Firpi RJ,Tran TT,Flores P,et al.Sirolimus-induced hyperlipidaemia in liver transplant recipients is not dosedependent[J].Aliment Pharmacol Ther,2004,19(9):1033-1039.
[46]Zimmermann A,Zobeley C,Weber MM,et al.Changes in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism under mTOR-and calcineurinbased immunosuppressive regimen in adult patients after liver transplantation[J].Eur J Intern Med,2016,29:104-109.
[47]Charlton M,Rinella M,Patel D,et al.Everolimus is associated with less weight gain than tacrolimus 2 years following liver transplantation:results of a randomized multicenter study[J].Transplantation,2017,101(12):2873.
[48]Hanouneh IA,Macaron C,Lopez R,et al.Recurrence of disease following liver transplantation:nonalcoholic steatohepatitis vs hepatitis C virus infection[J].Int J Organ Transplant Med,2011,2(2):57-65.
[49]Newsome PN,Allison ME,Andrews PA,et al.Guidelines for liver transplantation for patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis[J].Gut,2012,61(4):484-500.