2018年全国蝇类监测报告
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摘要
目的掌握人居及周边环境蝇类的常见种类、密度及消长规律,为科学防控提供依据。方法收集整理2018年我国病媒生物监测系统中采用笼诱法捕获的蝇类数据,采用Excel 2016软件分析构成比,比较不同蝇种在不同生境、不同省份的密度差异及消长规律。结果 2018年捕获蝇类密度较高的有家蝇、麻蝇、丝光绿蝇和市蝇,密度分别为1.21、0.50、0.47和0.29只/笼;农贸市场捕获蝇类总密度最高,为5.61只/笼;总捕获蝇类最高峰发生在6-7月,主要蝇种的高峰也多发生在6-7月。结论家蝇为优势种,6-7月为蝇类发生高峰期,农贸市场是蝇类发生的主要环境。应注意在高峰期前(4-5月)对蝇类采取防制措施。
Objective To investigate common species, population densities, and seasonality of flies in human settlements and surrounding environments in China, and to provide a scientific basis for fly prevention and control. Methods The data of flies captured by the cage trapping method were collected from the National Vectors Surveillance in China in 2018. Excel2016 software was used to analyze the constituent ratios. Population density was analyzed and compared between different species or flies in different habitats or provinces, and its seasonality was evaluated. Results Musca domestica, flesh flies,Lucilia sericata, and M. sorbens were found to have higher densities in 2018, which were 1.21, 0.50, 0.47, and 0.29 flies per cage, respectively. Farmers' markets had the highest fly density(5.61 flies per cage). The peaks of all flies captured and dominant species were both in June and July. Conclusion Musca domestica is the predominant species. The peaks of fly densities occured in June and July. Farmers' markets were the main habitat for the occurrence of flies. Therefore,preventive measures should be undertaken ahead of the peak period(i.e., April and May) to minimize the flies infestations.
Objective To investigate common species, population densities, and seasonality of flies in human settlements and surrounding environments in China, and to provide a scientific basis for fly prevention and control. Methods The data of flies captured by the cage trapping method were collected from the National Vectors Surveillance in China in 2018. Excel2016 software was used to analyze the constituent ratios. Population density was analyzed and compared between different species or flies in different habitats or provinces, and its seasonality was evaluated. Results Musca domestica, flesh flies,Lucilia sericata, and M. sorbens were found to have higher densities in 2018, which were 1.21, 0.50, 0.47, and 0.29 flies per cage, respectively. Farmers' markets had the highest fly density(5.61 flies per cage). The peaks of all flies captured and dominant species were both in June and July. Conclusion Musca domestica is the predominant species. The peaks of fly densities occured in June and July. Farmers' markets were the main habitat for the occurrence of flies. Therefore,preventive measures should be undertaken ahead of the peak period(i.e., April and May) to minimize the flies infestations.
引文
[1]范滋德,冯炎,陈之梓,等.中国动物志.昆虫纲.第49卷.双翅目:蝇科[M].北京:科学出版社,2008:767-771.
[2]吴海霞,鲁亮,孟凤霞,等.2006-2015年我国蝇类监测报告[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2018,29(1):5-10.DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2018.01.002.
[3]时燕薇,刘小山,汪海洋,等.大头金蝇的生物学及其在法医昆虫学上的应用[J].中山大学学报:自然科学版,2008,47增刊:70-76.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:0529-6579.2008.Z1.015.
[4]Emerson PM,Bailey RL,Walraven GEL,et al.Human and other faeces as breeding media of the trachoma vector Musca sorbens[J].Med Vet Entomol,2001,15(3):314-320.DOI:10.1046/j.0269-283x.2001.00318.x.
[5]范滋德.住区蝇类综合防治中的若干生态学问题[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,1995,6(5):Ⅰ-Ⅲ.
[2]吴海霞,鲁亮,孟凤霞,等.2006-2015年我国蝇类监测报告[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2018,29(1):5-10.DOI:10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2018.01.002.
[3]时燕薇,刘小山,汪海洋,等.大头金蝇的生物学及其在法医昆虫学上的应用[J].中山大学学报:自然科学版,2008,47增刊:70-76.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:0529-6579.2008.Z1.015.
[4]Emerson PM,Bailey RL,Walraven GEL,et al.Human and other faeces as breeding media of the trachoma vector Musca sorbens[J].Med Vet Entomol,2001,15(3):314-320.DOI:10.1046/j.0269-283x.2001.00318.x.
[5]范滋德.住区蝇类综合防治中的若干生态学问题[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,1995,6(5):Ⅰ-Ⅲ.