考虑安全和经济的电力系统连锁故障协调控制模型
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摘要
在分析电力系统预防控制和阻断控制互补性的基础上,从降低大停电风险的角度,建立协调安全性和经济性的连锁故障协调控制模型。首先,以系统风险和控制代价为指标,分别评价协调控制模型中系统安全和控制措施代价。其次,采用多目标粒子群算法计算协调控制模型下的Pareto解集,得到协调控制策略集合。最后,利用考虑调度人员偏好的熵权决策理论对Pareto集合进行评估,确定最终的协调控制方案。以IEEE-39系统为例进行仿真研究,结果分析表明,通过合理选择安全偏好和经济偏好,模型可以给出应对不同负载水平和运行方式的协调控制方案,以减少停电损失。
Based on analyzing the complementarity of preventive control and blocking control in cascading failure in power system, a coordinated control model that the security and economy are coordinated was established in terms of reducing the risk of blackout in this paper. First, taking the system risk and cost of control measures as index, separately evaluated system security and economy of control measures in the coordinated control model. Then, the multi-objective particle swarm optimization(MOPSO) method was used to calculate the Pareto solution set under the coordinated control model, getting collection of coordinated control strategies. Finally, the entropy weight decision theory in consideration of the operator's preference was adopted to evaluate the Pareto solution set to determine the final coordinated control scheme. Taken IEEE-39 system as an example to carry out simulation research, the results show that the model can give coordinated control schemes to deal with different load levels and operation states by reasonable choice of safety preferences and economic preferences to reduce the power loss.
Based on analyzing the complementarity of preventive control and blocking control in cascading failure in power system, a coordinated control model that the security and economy are coordinated was established in terms of reducing the risk of blackout in this paper. First, taking the system risk and cost of control measures as index, separately evaluated system security and economy of control measures in the coordinated control model. Then, the multi-objective particle swarm optimization(MOPSO) method was used to calculate the Pareto solution set under the coordinated control model, getting collection of coordinated control strategies. Finally, the entropy weight decision theory in consideration of the operator's preference was adopted to evaluate the Pareto solution set to determine the final coordinated control scheme. Taken IEEE-39 system as an example to carry out simulation research, the results show that the model can give coordinated control schemes to deal with different load levels and operation states by reasonable choice of safety preferences and economic preferences to reduce the power loss.
引文
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[12]文云峰,江宇飞,沈策,等.多阶段协调的风险调度模型及算法研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(1):153-160.Wen Yunfeng,Jiang Yufei,Shen Ce,et al.Research on the model and algorithm of multistage coordinated risk-based dispatch[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(1):153-160(in Chinese).
[13]Xu Yan,Dong Zhaoyang,Zhang Rui,et al.Solving preventive-corrective SCOPF by a hybrid computational strategy[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2014,29(3):1345-1355.
[14]Li Shuaihu,Li Yong,Cao Yijia,et al.Comprehensive decision-making method considering voltage risk for preventive and corrective control of power system[J].IET Generation,Transmission&Distribution,2016,10(7):1544-1552.
[15]丁明,钱宇骋,张晶晶,等.基于风险评估的电力系统连锁故障协调控制模型[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(7):1-8.Ding Ming,Qian Yucheng,Zhang Jingjing,et al.Coordinated control model of power system cascading failures based on risk assessment[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(7):1-8(in Chinese).
[16]Coello C A C,Pulido G T,Lechuga M S.Handling multiple objectives with particle swarm optimization[J].IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation,2004,8(3):256-279.
[17]刘刚,彭春华,相龙阳,等.采用改进型多目标粒子群算法的电力系统环境经济调度[J].电网技术,2011,35(7):139-144.Liu Gang,Peng Chunhua,Xiang Longyang.Economicenvironmental dispatch using improved multi-objective particle swarm optimization[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(7):139-144(in Chinese).
[18]邱婉华.管理决策熵学及其应用[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2011.Qiu Wanhua.Management decision entropy and its application[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2011(in Chinese).
[19]李勇,刘俊勇,刘晓宇,等.基于潮流熵的电网连锁故障传播元件的脆弱性评估[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(19):11-16.Li Yong,Liu Junyong,Liu Xiaoyu,et al.Vulnerability Assessment in power grid cascading failures based on entropy of power flow[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(19):11-16(in Chinese).
[20]丁明,过羿,张晶晶,等.基于效用风险熵权模糊综合评判的复杂电网节点脆弱性评估[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(3):214-223.Ding Ming,Guo Yi,Zhang Jingjing,et al.Node vulnerability assessment for complex power grids based on effect risk entropy-weighted fuzzy comprehensive evaluation[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(3):214-223(in Chinese).
[21]蔡秋娜,文福栓,丁剑鹰,等.计及经济性、可靠性和排放因素的备用市场竞价模型[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(8):38-44.Cai Qiuna,Wen Fushuan,Ding Jianying,et al.A reserve market bidding model considering economics,reliability and emissions[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(8):821-828(in Chinese).
[22]丁明,肖遥,张晶晶,等.基于事故链及动态故障树的电网连锁故障风险评估模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(4):821-829.Ding Ming,Xiao Yao,Zhang Jingjing,et al.Risk assessment model of power grid cascading failures based on fault chain and dynamic fault tree[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(4):821-828(in Chinese).
[23]丁明,朱自强,张晶晶,等.保护隐性故障及其对电力系统连锁故障发展影响[J].高电压技术,2016,42(1):256-265.Ding Ming,Zhu Ziqiang,Zhang Jingjing,et al.Impact of protection hidden failures on the development of power system cascading failures[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(1):256-265(in Chinese).
[2]王英英.基于事故链的电力系统连锁故障风险评估与预防控制研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2010.Wang Yingying.Risk assessment and prevention control of cascading failures in power system based on fault chains[D].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science&Technology,2010(in Chinese).
[3]甘德强,辛焕海,王建全,等.暂态稳定预防控制和优化新进展[J].电力系统自动化,2004,28(10):1-7.Gan Deqiang,Xin Huanhai,Wang Jianquan,et al.Progress in transient stability preventive control and optimization[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2004,28(10):1-7(in Chinese).
[4]薛禹胜.时空协调的大停电防御框架(一)从孤立防线到综合防御[J].电力系统自动化,2006,30(1):8-16.Xue Yusheng.Space-time cooperative framework for defending blackouts-Part I:From isolated defense lines to coordinated defending[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2006,30(1):8-16(in Chinese).
[5]薛禹胜.时空协调的大停电防御框架(三)各道防线内部的优化和不同防线之间的协调[J].电力系统自动化,2006,30(3):1-10,106.Xue Yusheng.Space-time cooperative framework for defending blackout-Part III:Optimization and coordination of defense-lines[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2006,30(3):1-10,106(in Chinese).
[6]Ruiz-Vega D,Pavella M.A comprehensive approach to transient stability control.I.Near optimal preventive control[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2003,18(4):1446-1453.
[7]Ruiz-Vega D,Pavella M.A comprehensive approach to transient stability control:Part-II:Open loop emergency control[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2003,18(4):1454-1460.
[8]薛禹胜,李威,Hill D J.暂态稳定混合控制的优化(一)单一失稳模式的故障集[J].电力系统自动化,2003,27(20):6-10.Xue Yusheng,Li Wei,Hill D J.Optimal hybrid control of transient stability-Part One:For cases with a unique unstable mode[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2003,27(20):6-10(in Chinese).
[9]李威,薛禹胜,Hill D J.暂态稳定混合控制的优化(二)不同失稳模式的故障集[J].电力系统自动化,2003,27(21):7-10,29.Li Wei,Xue Yusheng,Hill D J.Optimal hybrid control of transient stability-Part Two:For cases with different unstable modes[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2003,27(21):7-10,29(in Chinese).
[10]常海军,侯玉强,任先成,等.电网暂态相继失稳风险评估及协调阻断方法研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(9):40-47.Chang Haijun,Hou Yuqiang,Ren Xiancheng,et al.Research on risk assessment and coordinated blocking of transient successive instability in power grid[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(9):40-47(in Chinese).
[11]汪震,宋晓喆,杨正清,等.考虑暂态安全的预防–紧急协调控制问题研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(34):6159-6166.Wang Zhen,Song Xiaozhe,Yang Zhengqing,et al.A coordinated preventive and emergency control considering system transient security[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(34):6159-6166(in Chinese).
[12]文云峰,江宇飞,沈策,等.多阶段协调的风险调度模型及算法研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(1):153-160.Wen Yunfeng,Jiang Yufei,Shen Ce,et al.Research on the model and algorithm of multistage coordinated risk-based dispatch[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(1):153-160(in Chinese).
[13]Xu Yan,Dong Zhaoyang,Zhang Rui,et al.Solving preventive-corrective SCOPF by a hybrid computational strategy[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2014,29(3):1345-1355.
[14]Li Shuaihu,Li Yong,Cao Yijia,et al.Comprehensive decision-making method considering voltage risk for preventive and corrective control of power system[J].IET Generation,Transmission&Distribution,2016,10(7):1544-1552.
[15]丁明,钱宇骋,张晶晶,等.基于风险评估的电力系统连锁故障协调控制模型[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(7):1-8.Ding Ming,Qian Yucheng,Zhang Jingjing,et al.Coordinated control model of power system cascading failures based on risk assessment[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(7):1-8(in Chinese).
[16]Coello C A C,Pulido G T,Lechuga M S.Handling multiple objectives with particle swarm optimization[J].IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation,2004,8(3):256-279.
[17]刘刚,彭春华,相龙阳,等.采用改进型多目标粒子群算法的电力系统环境经济调度[J].电网技术,2011,35(7):139-144.Liu Gang,Peng Chunhua,Xiang Longyang.Economicenvironmental dispatch using improved multi-objective particle swarm optimization[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(7):139-144(in Chinese).
[18]邱婉华.管理决策熵学及其应用[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2011.Qiu Wanhua.Management decision entropy and its application[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2011(in Chinese).
[19]李勇,刘俊勇,刘晓宇,等.基于潮流熵的电网连锁故障传播元件的脆弱性评估[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(19):11-16.Li Yong,Liu Junyong,Liu Xiaoyu,et al.Vulnerability Assessment in power grid cascading failures based on entropy of power flow[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(19):11-16(in Chinese).
[20]丁明,过羿,张晶晶,等.基于效用风险熵权模糊综合评判的复杂电网节点脆弱性评估[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(3):214-223.Ding Ming,Guo Yi,Zhang Jingjing,et al.Node vulnerability assessment for complex power grids based on effect risk entropy-weighted fuzzy comprehensive evaluation[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(3):214-223(in Chinese).
[21]蔡秋娜,文福栓,丁剑鹰,等.计及经济性、可靠性和排放因素的备用市场竞价模型[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(8):38-44.Cai Qiuna,Wen Fushuan,Ding Jianying,et al.A reserve market bidding model considering economics,reliability and emissions[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(8):821-828(in Chinese).
[22]丁明,肖遥,张晶晶,等.基于事故链及动态故障树的电网连锁故障风险评估模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(4):821-829.Ding Ming,Xiao Yao,Zhang Jingjing,et al.Risk assessment model of power grid cascading failures based on fault chain and dynamic fault tree[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(4):821-828(in Chinese).
[23]丁明,朱自强,张晶晶,等.保护隐性故障及其对电力系统连锁故障发展影响[J].高电压技术,2016,42(1):256-265.Ding Ming,Zhu Ziqiang,Zhang Jingjing,et al.Impact of protection hidden failures on the development of power system cascading failures[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(1):256-265(in Chinese).