水轮机参与西南电网频率紧急控制协调优化方法
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摘要
渝鄂背靠背直流实现西南电网和华中电网异步互联,西南电网频率越限和失稳风险加剧。目前的紧急控制措施主要有切机、切负荷和直流功率紧急支援及其协调优化。该文提出水电机组出力快速调节参与频率协调控制,有利于频率紧急控制的灵活性和经济性。考虑频率越限程度和频率控制措施的响应时间、控制代价,对不同的频率控制措施进行优先级排序。在小功率盈余场景下,水电机组出力快速调节措施经济代价最低,优先使用。在大功率盈余场景下,水电机组调节时间为10s左右,优先级靠后,参与稳态频率越限控制,可以补充切机措施过切/欠切的问题,减少追加切机代价。最后通过实际电网仿真算例,验证水电机组出力快速调节的有效性,考虑频率越限程度进行不同措施协调优化的优越性。
With the scheduled back to back VSC-HVDC based unsynchronized interconnection between southwest power grid and central china power grid, southwest power grid frequency limit and the risk of instability increased. The current emergency control measures are mainly as follows, such as cutting off generator, cutting off load and DC power emergency support and coordination optimization. In this paper, the rapid adjustment of the output of hydropower units to participate in frequency coordinated control, was conducive to the flexibility and economy of frequency emergency control. Considering the frequency limit, the response time and the control cost of the frequency control measures, prioritizing the different frequency control measures. In the case of low-power surplus scenario,the rapid adjustment of hydropower units is the lowest cost. In the high-power surplus scenario, the adjustment time of hydropower units is about 10 s. Participating in steady-state frequency limit control, reducing the cost of additional cutting generator. Finally, through the actual grid simulation example,verified the effectiveness of the rapid adjustment of the output of the hydropower unit, and the rationality of the priority of the different emergency control measures.
With the scheduled back to back VSC-HVDC based unsynchronized interconnection between southwest power grid and central china power grid, southwest power grid frequency limit and the risk of instability increased. The current emergency control measures are mainly as follows, such as cutting off generator, cutting off load and DC power emergency support and coordination optimization. In this paper, the rapid adjustment of the output of hydropower units to participate in frequency coordinated control, was conducive to the flexibility and economy of frequency emergency control. Considering the frequency limit, the response time and the control cost of the frequency control measures, prioritizing the different frequency control measures. In the case of low-power surplus scenario,the rapid adjustment of hydropower units is the lowest cost. In the high-power surplus scenario, the adjustment time of hydropower units is about 10 s. Participating in steady-state frequency limit control, reducing the cost of additional cutting generator. Finally, through the actual grid simulation example,verified the effectiveness of the rapid adjustment of the output of the hydropower unit, and the rationality of the priority of the different emergency control measures.
引文
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[12]李兆伟,任先成,刘福锁,等.交直流并联电网中直流功率紧急控制影响及优化研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(20):104-109.Li Zhaowei,Ren Xiancheng,Liu Fusuo,et al.Research on effects and optimization of emergency DC power control in AC/DC hybrid power grid[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2014, 42(20):104-109(in Chinese).
[13]何常胜,董鸿魁,翟鹏,等.水电机组一次调频与AGC典型控制策略的工程分析及优化[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(3):146-151.He Changsheng, Dong Hongkui, Zhai Peng, et al. Engineering analysis and optimization on typical control strategy of primary frequency modulation and automatic generation control of hdropower units[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(3):146-151(in Chinese).
[14]许涛,励刚,于钊,等.多直流馈入受端电网频率紧急协调控制系统设计与应用[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(8):98-104.Xu Tao,Li Gang,Yu Zhao,et al.Design andapplicatin of emergency coordination control system for multi-infeed HVDC receiving-end system coping with frequency stability problem[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(8):98-104(in Chinese).
[2]张志强,徐友平,袁荣湘,等.大型区域互联电网解列后送端电网频率特性及高频切机方案[J].电网技术,2015,39(1):288-293.Zhang Zhiqiang, Xu Youping, Yuan Rongxiang, et al.Frequency characteristics of power grid at sending end of split large-scale interconnected regional power grid and corresponding over-frequency generator-tripping scheme[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(1):288-293(in Chinese).
[3]张志强,袁荣湘,徐友平,等.适应多回特高压直流的四川电网过频切机优化[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(2):141-146.Zhang Zhiqiang, Yuan Rongxiang, Xu Youping, etal.Optimization power over-frequency generator-triooing scheme in Sichuan power grid adaptable to multi-UHVDC transmission project[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems 2016,40(2):141-146(in Chinese).
[4]王彪,方万良,罗煦之.紧急控制下最优切机切负荷方案的快速算法[J].电网技术,2011,35(6):82-87.Wang Biao,Fang Wanliang,Luo Xuzhi.A fast algorithm of optimal generator and load-shedding for emergency control[J]. Power System Technology, 2011, 35(6):82-87(in Chinese).
[5]薛禹胜,任先成,WU Q H,等.关于低频低压切负荷决策优化协调的评述[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(9):100-107.Xue Yusheng,Ren Xiancheng Wu Q H,et al.A review on optimization and coordination of under frequency/voltage load shedding[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(9):100-107(in Chinese).
[6]张步涵,陈龙,李皇.利用直流功率调制增强特高压交流互联系统稳定性[J].高电压技术,2010,36(1):116-121.Zhang Buhan, Chen Long, Li Huang. Improving the stability of UHV AC interconnected system by the DC power modulation[J].High Voltage Engineering,2010,36(1):116-121(in Chinese).
[7]王一振,马世英,王青,等.电力系统孤网高频问题研究现状和发展趋势[J].电网技术,2012,36(12):165-169.Wang Yizhen,Ma Shiying,Wang Qing,et al.Present status and developing trend of research on over frequency in isolated power grid[J]. Power System Technology,2012,36(12):165-169(in Chinese).
[8]杨琦,唐晓骏,苏寅生,等.机组涉网保护与高频切机措施优化配置方案[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(20):127-131.Yang Qi,Tang Xiaojun,Su Yinsheng,et al.An optimal allocation scheme for setting related to power grid and over frequency generator tripping measures[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(20):127-131(in Chinese).
[9]郭小江,马世英,卜广全,等.直流系统参与电网稳定控制应用现状及在安全防御体系中的功能定位探讨[J].电网技术,2012,36(8):116-123.Guo Xiaojiang,Ma Shiying,Bu Guangquan,et al.Present application situation of DC system participating in power system stability control and discussion on position of its functions in security defense system[J]. Power System Technology,2012,36(8):116-123(in Chinese).
[10]王建明,孙华东,张健,等.锦屏–苏南特高压直流投运后电网稳定特性及协调控制策略[J].电网技术,2012,36(12):66-70.Wang Jianming,Sun Huadong,Zhang Jian,et al.Stability characteristics and coordinated control strategy of interconnected grid integrated with UHDC transmission line from Jinping to Sunan[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(12):66-70(in Chinese).
[11]杨卫东,薛禹胜,荆勇.南方电网中直流输电系统对交流系统的紧急功率支援[J].电力系统自动化,2003,27(17):68-72.Yang Weidong,Xue Yusheng,Jing Yong.Emergency DC power support to AC power system in the South China Power Grid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2003,27(17):68-72(in Chinese).
[12]李兆伟,任先成,刘福锁,等.交直流并联电网中直流功率紧急控制影响及优化研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(20):104-109.Li Zhaowei,Ren Xiancheng,Liu Fusuo,et al.Research on effects and optimization of emergency DC power control in AC/DC hybrid power grid[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2014, 42(20):104-109(in Chinese).
[13]何常胜,董鸿魁,翟鹏,等.水电机组一次调频与AGC典型控制策略的工程分析及优化[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(3):146-151.He Changsheng, Dong Hongkui, Zhai Peng, et al. Engineering analysis and optimization on typical control strategy of primary frequency modulation and automatic generation control of hdropower units[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(3):146-151(in Chinese).
[14]许涛,励刚,于钊,等.多直流馈入受端电网频率紧急协调控制系统设计与应用[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(8):98-104.Xu Tao,Li Gang,Yu Zhao,et al.Design andapplicatin of emergency coordination control system for multi-infeed HVDC receiving-end system coping with frequency stability problem[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(8):98-104(in Chinese).