孤岛电网频率电压耦合机理及控制措施
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摘要
地区电网与主网发生解列故障时,将转为孤岛电网运行状态,由于孤岛电网转动惯量较小,大容量不平衡功率冲击下孤网频率和电压交互作用显著。首先,揭示了孤岛电网频率和电压之间耦合作用的机理,通过构建单机单负荷模型,分析了线路传输有功、负荷频率因子和线路高抗补偿度对孤网频率和电压动态过程的影响。结合西藏电网实际运行情况,从稳定控制措施方面给出了应对孤网频率和电压越限的建议,并通过仿真验证其有效性,研究结论可以为藏中联网工程投运后西藏电网稳定运行提供技术支撑。
The regional power grid will change to isolated power grid operation after disconnected with main network.Considering the low inertia of isolated power grid,the interaction between frequency and voltage is significant under the impulse of large capacity unbalanced power.This paper firstly reveals the coupling mechanism of frequency and voltage in isolated power grid.And then,through constructing the equivalent model of single machine and singe load,the paper analyzes the influence of transmission power,load frequency factor and compensation degree on the dynamic process of frequency and voltage.Finally,based on the actual operation of the Tibet power grid,some stability control measures are put forward to address the over-frequency and overvoltage of isolated power grid,and their effectiveness is verified through simulation.The research results can provide a technical basis for the stable operation of the Tibet power grid after the central-Tibet interconnection project is put into operation.
The regional power grid will change to isolated power grid operation after disconnected with main network.Considering the low inertia of isolated power grid,the interaction between frequency and voltage is significant under the impulse of large capacity unbalanced power.This paper firstly reveals the coupling mechanism of frequency and voltage in isolated power grid.And then,through constructing the equivalent model of single machine and singe load,the paper analyzes the influence of transmission power,load frequency factor and compensation degree on the dynamic process of frequency and voltage.Finally,based on the actual operation of the Tibet power grid,some stability control measures are put forward to address the over-frequency and overvoltage of isolated power grid,and their effectiveness is verified through simulation.The research results can provide a technical basis for the stable operation of the Tibet power grid after the central-Tibet interconnection project is put into operation.
引文
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[14]蒲倩,张毅威,陈磊,等.容性孤网发电机进行运行与紧急电压控制[J].电力系统保护与控制,2012,40(18):24-29.PU Qian,ZHANG Yiwei,CHEN Lei,et al.Generators’s leading phase operation and emergency voltage control of capacitive isolated network[J].Power System Protection and Control,2012,40(18):24-29.
[15]侯玉强,任先成,李威.集中供电型弱互联区域电网安全稳定控制方法探讨[J].电网与清洁能源,2013,29(10):47-52.HOU Yuqiang,REN Xiancheng,LI Wei.Discussion on the method of security and stability control for regional power grid with centralized supplying and weak ties[J].Power System and Clean Energy,2013,29(10):47-52.
[16]杨浩,张保会,宋云亭,等.解列后孤岛频率电压相互作用仿真及机理讨论[J].电网技术,2013,37(12):3503-3508.YANG Hao,ZHANG Baohui,SONG Yunting,et al.Simulation and discussion on mechanism of dynamic interaction between frequency and voltage in islanded power grid[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(12):3503-3508.
[17]侯玉强,方勇杰,杨卫东,等.综合电压频率动态交互影响的自动减负荷控制新方法[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(5):24-28.HOU Yuqiang,FANG Yongjie,YANG Weidong,et al.A new method of automatic load shedding control based on the voltage and frequency dynamics interaction[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(5):24-28.
[18]王锡凡.现代电力系统分析[M].北京:科学出版社,2003:240-263.
[19]郑超,汤涌,马世英,等.直流参与稳定控制的典型场景及技术需求[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(22):3750-3759.ZHENG Chao,TANG Yong,MA Shiying,et al.A survey on typical and technology needs for HVDC participated into stability control[J].Proceeding of the CSEE,2014,34(22):3750-3759.
[2]李晓珺,张志强,郑超,等.750 kV伊库线投运对新疆电网安全稳定特性的影响[J].中国电力,2016,49(8):21-25.LI Xiaojun,ZHANG Zhiqiang,ZHENG Chao,et al.Impacts of operation of 750 kV Yili-Kuche power transmission line on security and stability of Xinjiang Power Grid[J].Electric Power,2016,49(8):21-25.
[3]王旭东,林济铿,李胜文,等.电力孤岛划分研究综述[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(22):125-135.WANG Xudong,LIN Jikeng,LI Shengwen,et al.Review of research on island partitioning in power grid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(22):125-135.
[4]郑超,陈湘.PSS选型对孤岛电网频率稳定性影响机理[J].电网技术,2016,40(1):214-219.ZHENG Chao,CHEN Xiang.Influence of power system stabilizer on frequency stability of isolated power network[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(1):214-219.
[5]周川梅,孙斌.贵州主网及地区电网孤网运行安全稳定措施研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2008,36(19):29-32.ZHOU Chuanmei,SUN Bin.Study on security and stability measures of the isolated grid operation of the Guizhou power grid and area power grids[J].Power System Protection and Control,2008,36(19):29-32.
[6]滕予非,张华,汤凡,等.偏远地区小电网与主网解列后高频高压风险及抑制策略[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(1):129-136.TENG Yufei,ZHANG Hua,TANG Fan,et al.Over-frequency and overvoltage risk if isolated small power grid in remote area and its suppression strategy[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(1):129-136.
[7]张培高,李兴源,李政.孤网频率稳定与控制策略研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2012,40(15):143-149,155.ZHANG Peigao,LI Xingyuan,LI Zheng.Research on frequency stability and control strategy in isolated power grid[J].Power System Protection and Control,2012,40(15):143-149,155.
[8]张健铭,毕天姝,刘辉,等.孤网运行与频率稳定研究综述[J].电力系统保护与控制,2011,39(11):149-154.ZHANG Jianming,BI Tianshu,LIU Hui,et al.Review of frequency stability for islanded power system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2011,39(11):149-154.
[9]王一振,马世英,王青,等.电力系统孤网高频问题研究现状和发展趋势[J].电网技术,2012,36(12):165-169.WANG Yizhen,MA Shiying,WANG Qing,et al.Present status and developing trend of research on over frequency in isolated power grid[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(12):165-169.
[10]王君,王晓茹,谢大鹏,等.孤岛系统低频减载方案研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2010,38(3):29-33,52.WANG Jun,WANG Xiaoru,XIE Dapeng,et al.Investigation of under frequency load shedding on an isolated system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2010,38(3):29-33,52.
[11]杨帆,张志强,赵书强,等.地区电网高频切机优化技超速保护的配合[J].中国电力,2013,46(10):35-40.YANG Fan,ZHANG Zhiqiang,ZHAO Shuqiang,et al.Configuration scheme of over-frequency tripping and coordination with over-speed protection controller(OPC)of regional grid[J].Electric Power,2013,46(10):35-40.
[12]黄杨,张毅威,闵勇,等.水电群孤网后的安全稳定特性及控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(9):1-5.HUANG Yang,ZHANG Yiwei,MIN Yong,et al.Security and stability characteristics and control strategies for isolated hydropower groups[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(9):1-5.
[13]蒲倩,张毅威,陆秋瑜,等.四川茂县水电群孤岛运行电压控制[J].中国电力,2012,45(2):5-8.PU Qian,ZHANG Yiwei,LU Qiuyu,et al.Voltage control the isolated operation of Maoxian electric grid in Sichuan province[J].Electric Power,2012,45(2):5-8.
[14]蒲倩,张毅威,陈磊,等.容性孤网发电机进行运行与紧急电压控制[J].电力系统保护与控制,2012,40(18):24-29.PU Qian,ZHANG Yiwei,CHEN Lei,et al.Generators’s leading phase operation and emergency voltage control of capacitive isolated network[J].Power System Protection and Control,2012,40(18):24-29.
[15]侯玉强,任先成,李威.集中供电型弱互联区域电网安全稳定控制方法探讨[J].电网与清洁能源,2013,29(10):47-52.HOU Yuqiang,REN Xiancheng,LI Wei.Discussion on the method of security and stability control for regional power grid with centralized supplying and weak ties[J].Power System and Clean Energy,2013,29(10):47-52.
[16]杨浩,张保会,宋云亭,等.解列后孤岛频率电压相互作用仿真及机理讨论[J].电网技术,2013,37(12):3503-3508.YANG Hao,ZHANG Baohui,SONG Yunting,et al.Simulation and discussion on mechanism of dynamic interaction between frequency and voltage in islanded power grid[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(12):3503-3508.
[17]侯玉强,方勇杰,杨卫东,等.综合电压频率动态交互影响的自动减负荷控制新方法[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(5):24-28.HOU Yuqiang,FANG Yongjie,YANG Weidong,et al.A new method of automatic load shedding control based on the voltage and frequency dynamics interaction[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(5):24-28.
[18]王锡凡.现代电力系统分析[M].北京:科学出版社,2003:240-263.
[19]郑超,汤涌,马世英,等.直流参与稳定控制的典型场景及技术需求[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(22):3750-3759.ZHENG Chao,TANG Yong,MA Shiying,et al.A survey on typical and technology needs for HVDC participated into stability control[J].Proceeding of the CSEE,2014,34(22):3750-3759.