西石门铁矿北区缓倾斜矿体地压成因及其控制
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摘要
为了制定西石门铁矿北区缓倾斜矿体开采时的地压控制措施,首先根据现场调查总结了地压活动规律:地压主要表现为巷道两帮破碎、拱腿收敛呈"Ω"形,发生在采空区上盘侧约35 m的范围内,严重程度随至空区上盘距离的增加而减弱.上述规律与模拟得出的楔形体地压作用规律吻合,揭示出地压主要由采空区上盘楔形体作用引起.因此研究了地压控制措施:处于楔形体地压作用下的矿体开采时,开采顺序以从空区边界向上盘退采为宜,进路垂直矿体走向布置更佳,以拱架支护为主并对两帮加强支护可有效控制变形.
In order to formulate the ground pressure control measures for gently inclined orebody mining in north mining area of Xishimen Iron Mine,the ground pressure activity characteristic is summarized according to the field investigation.The ground pressure behavior of two sidewalls crashing and arch leg bending occurrs mainly around 35 m in the hanging side of the mined-out area.The severity of ground pressure behavior decreases gradually with the increase of distance away from the upper goaf.The ground pressure behavior is consistent with the simulated ground pressure of the wedge body,which reveals that the ground pressure is caused mainly by the action of wedge body in the hanging side.The control measures are as follows:for ore body mining under the action of wedge pressure,the most suitable mining sequence is from the boundary of the mined-out area to the hanging side;the roadway should be perpendicular to ore body strike;arch supports with auxiliary sidewalls supports can control deformation effectively.
In order to formulate the ground pressure control measures for gently inclined orebody mining in north mining area of Xishimen Iron Mine,the ground pressure activity characteristic is summarized according to the field investigation.The ground pressure behavior of two sidewalls crashing and arch leg bending occurrs mainly around 35 m in the hanging side of the mined-out area.The severity of ground pressure behavior decreases gradually with the increase of distance away from the upper goaf.The ground pressure behavior is consistent with the simulated ground pressure of the wedge body,which reveals that the ground pressure is caused mainly by the action of wedge body in the hanging side.The control measures are as follows:for ore body mining under the action of wedge pressure,the most suitable mining sequence is from the boundary of the mined-out area to the hanging side;the roadway should be perpendicular to ore body strike;arch supports with auxiliary sidewalls supports can control deformation effectively.
引文
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[2]Cai M F,Hao S H,Ji H G.Regularity and prediction of ground pressure in Haigou Gold Mine[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2008,15(5):521-527.
[3]Itasca Consulting Group Inc.FLAC3D(fast Lagrangian analysis of continua in 3 dimensions)(version 3.0)[M].Minneapolis:Itasca Consulting Group Inc,2005.
[4]Zhang H L,Wang L G,Gao F,et al.Numerical simulation study on the influence of the ground stress field on the stability of roadways[J].Mining Science and Technology(China),2010,20(5):707-711.
[5]Hoek E,Brown E T.Practical estimates of rock mass strength[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,1997,34(8):1165-1186.
[6]Trinh N,Jonsson K.Design considerations for an underground room in a hard rock subjected to a high horizontal stress field at Rana Gruber,Norway[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2013,38(3):205-212.
[7]Kent F L,Coggan J S,Altounyan P F R.Investigation into factors affecting roadway deformation in the Selby coalfield[J].Geotechnical and Geological Engineering,1998,16(4):273-289.
[8]Hoek E,Kaiser P K,Bawden W F.Support of underground excavations in hard rock[M].London:Taylor&Francis,1995:126-134.
[9]Kusui A,Villaescusa E,Funatsu T.Mechanical behavior of scaled-down unsupported tunnel walls in hard rock under high stress[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2016,60:30-40.
[10]刘国锋,冯夏庭,江权,等.白鹤滩大型地下厂房开挖围岩片帮破坏特征、规律及机制研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(5):865-878.(Liu Guo-feng,Feng Xia-ting,Jiang Quan,et al.Failure characteristics,laws and mechanisms of rock spalling in excavation of large-scale underground powerhouse caverns in Baihetan[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(5):865-878.)
[11]陈晓祥,王雷超,付东辉.孤岛工作面动压回采巷道平移变形力学机制及控制技术研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2015,32(4):552-558.(Chen Xiao-xiang,Wang Lei-chao,Fu Dong-hui.A study on inward movement deformation mechanism and control technology of dynamic pressure gateway of island mining face[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2015,32(4):552-558.)
[12]孔德中,王兆会,任志成.近距离煤层综放回采巷道合理位置确定[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2014,31(2):270-276.(Kong De-zhong,Wang Zhao-hui,Ren Zhi-cheng.Determining the optimum position of roadways of full-mechanized caving face in the close distance seams[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2014,31(2):270-276.)
[13]Lu A Z,Chen H Y,Qin Y,et al.Shape optimization of the support section of a tunnel at great depths[J].Computers&Geotechnics,2014,61(3):190-197.