基于能量中心匹配的射线实时成像铸件缺陷自动三维定位方法
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摘要
针对射线实时成像检测中铸件缺陷三维位置对评价其危害程度的重要性,研究一种基于能量中心匹配的铸件缺陷自动视差定位方法。提出基于缺陷区域能量中心的不同视角投影下匹配对应点确定方法,使其具有对平移、旋转、尺度和强度的不变性,并保证缺陷匹配点在空间位置上的一致性。然后,提出利用能量中心不变量构成缺陷区域特征矢量,进行多缺陷情况下缺陷区域的自动匹配。最后,基于能量中心匹配点的空间坐标视差计算方法,实现铸件缺陷自动三维定位。实验表明,基于能量中心匹配的铸件缺陷三维定位有较高精度,平均相对定位误差小于5%,优于现有传统方法。
Aiming at the importance of three dimensional position of casting defects in radiographic real-time imaging system, an automatic parallax localization method for casting defects was studied based on energy center matching. According to invariance of the energy center to translation, rotation, scale and intensity, the energy center of defect area was proposed as the matching point of the different projection images,which could guarantee the consistency of the matching point in the space position. Then, the feature vector of defect region was formed with the energy center invariant to realize the automatic matching of multiple defects. Finally, for three dimensional positioning of the casting defects was realized, a calculation method of space coordinates based on energy center matching points was proposed. The experiments show that the 3D localization of the casting defects based on energy center matching is superior to the existing traditional methods. The average relative positioning error is less than 5%.
Aiming at the importance of three dimensional position of casting defects in radiographic real-time imaging system, an automatic parallax localization method for casting defects was studied based on energy center matching. According to invariance of the energy center to translation, rotation, scale and intensity, the energy center of defect area was proposed as the matching point of the different projection images,which could guarantee the consistency of the matching point in the space position. Then, the feature vector of defect region was formed with the energy center invariant to realize the automatic matching of multiple defects. Finally, for three dimensional positioning of the casting defects was realized, a calculation method of space coordinates based on energy center matching points was proposed. The experiments show that the 3D localization of the casting defects based on energy center matching is superior to the existing traditional methods. The average relative positioning error is less than 5%.
引文
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[2]孙朝明,汤光平,王增勇.基于视差照相法的小直径管焊缝内缺陷深度定位技术[J].无损检测,2010,32(10):762-764.
[3]张勤俭,张建华,李敏,等.基于X射线胶片的固体火箭发动机断面图像重建[J].无损检测,2001,23(2):59-69.
[4]任大海,尤政,邾继贵,等.射线实时成像检测系统标定及定量分析方法的研究[J].光学技术,2000,26(3):286-288.
[5]Costa M S,Shapiro L G.3D object recognition and pose with relational indexing[J].Computer Vision and Image Understanding,2000,79(3):364-407.
[6]谭志国,鲁敏,胡延平,等.基于点云-模型匹配的激光雷达目标识别[J].计算机工程与科学,2012,34(4):32-36.
[7]孔令富,王月明,赵立强.并联机器人双目主动视觉目标定位的研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2007,13(11):2285-2288.
[8]孔令富,吴培良,李贤善.无标定摄像机手眼系统平移下的目标深度估计[J].计算机集成制造系统,2009,15(8):1633-1638.
[9]郑魁敬,王连峰.双目主动视觉监测平台设计[J].计算机集成制造系统,2010,16(4):710-716.
[10]Bikash G,Kankane D K.Estimation of location of defects in propellant grain by X-ray radiography[J].NDT&E International,2008(41):125-128.
[11]Blakeley B,Spartiotis K.Digital radiography for the inspection of small defects[J].Insight-Non-Destructive Testing and Condition Monitoring,2006,48(2):109-112.
[12]Stephens P.An evaluation of six NDT methods for the location and sizing of casting discontinuities[J].Foundry Trade Journal,2005,179(36):72-274.
[13]Jiang H,Liu H,Wang G,et al.A localization algorithm and error analysis for stereo X-ray image guidance[J].Medical Physics,2000,27:885-893.
[14]张天,刘少丽,唐承统,等.基于形状特征的管路接头测量和三维重建方法[J].计算机集成制造系统,2015,21(1):123-134.
[15]Chang S,Arsenault H H,Carcia-Martinez P,et al.Invariant pattern recognition based on centroids[J].Appl.Opt.,2000,39(35):6641-6648.
[16]Taza A,Suen C Y.Discrimination of planar shapes using shape matrices[J].IEEE Transactions on Systems Man&Cybernetics,1989,19(5):1281-1289.